SU1330247A1 - Method of technical amelioration of overwatered soils - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering. The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of use of frozen soils with ice inclusions and increase labor productivity. Soil mining in quarries is carried out in a frozen state by loosening and grinding. Before moving to the shoulders, crushed frozen soils accumulate in rolls and dried. The layer-by-layer formation of the collar is produced additionally from the frozen ground by alternating with melt soil, and the drying of the soil in the collar is performed additionally at the base and / or inside the collar. When the rolls and the collar are formed, their contours form in the form of a non-equilateral embankment - ridges, and the surface is shaped obliquely with the orientation of the long side to the south. Before the accumulation of frozen soil in the rolls, ice is removed from it. When a pile or roll is formed from frozen ground, layers of crumbling soils from coarse-grained soils of p / or dry porop1ka of soils and / or fabric materials are deposited in layers in it, and / or fabric materials. The subsoil in pots, stacks and clamps is produced by the energy of cold and / or wind by sublimation and ablima 1, and ice on the ground, as well as by pressure 1 rune to the sea. and clamps are made with the energy of the 1nts node by covers of translucent materials. When subsiding soil in rolls and clamps, their surface is covered with heat, choi -..., with black tioponiKa and / or painted black sand, n / or soot, ash, or their combinations. Additionally, drainage layers and ditches are arranged in and around the pile, and then water is additionally pumped out of them. Heat circulation in the soil mass allows year-round, even at low temperatures, to dry the soil, which expands the range of soils used. 7 3. p. F-ly. sl oo oo o N5 4

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, mining and is intended for the erection of soil structures, such as dams, dams, tailings, etc., mainly in the northern construction zone.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of use of frozen soils with ice inclusions and increase labor productivity.

Example. At the quarry, a forest log and a vegetation layer are produced. On the cleaned surfaces of the quarry, wells (boreholes) are drilled in frozen soil, explosives are placed in them, the localizers are installed, then a directional explosion of explosives is carried out. The explosions along the accelerated design ccTixk-ii.ih AMP. 1ok ,, iutoramnn allow to loosen and grind the frozen soil to the required particle size distribution. Then, sorting equipment removes coarse ice inclusions from the loosened frozen soil, and cleaned clods from the frozen soil are collected into rolls, the surface of which is covered with covers of translucent materials, thus providing the possibility of forming air interlayers for venting through ducts. under covers, which allows the drying of frozen soil by its sublimation. Before the beginning of spring, the surface of the rolls is covered with heat-drift 1, with hardening material, for example, black alumina material painted with black sand, soot or ash. This allows in the spring-summer period to dramatically increase the processes of drying and thawing of the soil in the rolls.

When the rolls are formed, their contours are shaped and formed in the form of unequal ridges with an inclined surface with the long side facing south, which allows the maximum use of solar radiation energy. At the same time, the base will be profiled between the rollers in order to create the possibility of draining water and precipitation. Approximate layer of drying of the soil in the rolls is from 0.5 to 2.5 years. After drying in rollers to a moisture content (1.15-1.5) (where Wo is the soil moisture optimally), the soils in the frozen or thawed state, regardless of the time of year, are transported from the rollers to storage warehouses and form piles, contours that are profiled form in the form of disparate c d with an inclined surface with the orientation of the long side to the south. Before the formation of a collar, in its base they form longitudinal and transverse channels or layers and fix their walls of the upper part or fill them with coarse-grained materials. These channels are designed for the thermal circulation of air in the array.

collar for the purpose of internal ground suspending and preserving heat. Heat circulation in the soil mass allows year-round, even at low temperatures, to dry the soil.

If the moisture of the overmoistened soil is (1.3-1.5) Wo and more, the shoulders should be formed by layering the layers of the overmoistened soil layer by layer with alternating layers of dry coarse soil or sand, laid in the form of drainage layers and in the amount of while mixing the soil of the collar after it has dried, the required particle size distribution of the soil mixture. At the same time, contour and internal longitudinal and transverse drains are arranged in and around the collar to drain water. If it is necessary to accelerate the process of thawing and amelioration of soils in the pile, its surface is covered with films or heat-absorbing material, for example, colored black sand or dry powder of the soil.

Claims (7)

1. A method of technical reclamation of wetted soils, including their thawing, excavation in quarries, moving it, layer-by-layer formation of a pile from thawed soil and drying it in piles, characterized in that in order to expand the range of use of frozen soils with ice inclusions and increase in labor productivity, the development of soil in quarries is carried out in a frozen state by its loosening and grinding, before moving to a hemlock, crushed frozen soils accumulate in rolls and sub-intensify, layer by layer the formation of the collar is made additionally from the frozen ground by alternating with thawed soil, and the drying of the soil in the collar is performed additionally at the base and / or inside the collar. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the rolls and the collar are formed, their contours are formed as an uneven embankment — ridges, and the surface is profiled obliquely with the long side facing south. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that ice is removed from it before the accumulation of frozen soil in the rolls. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the formation of a collar or roll of frozen soil, absorbing layers of coarse-grained soils and / or dry powder of soils and / or fabric materials fall into layers in it. 5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension of the soil in the rolls and clamps is produced by the energy of cold and / or wind by sublimation and ablation of ice in the soil. 2 1330247d 6. A method according to claim 1, characterized by and / or colored black sand, and / or by drying the soil in rolls and burgers, ashes, or combinations thereof. It is produced by the energy of the sun under covers of translucent materials. The method according to claim 1, wherein 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that 5 in the pile and around it is satisfied that during the drying of the soil in the rolls and the drill-drainage layers and ditches, max, their surface is covered with heat, and then they are additionally pumped out im material from black powder.