SU1330182A1 - Apparatus for hardening articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of heat treatment and is intended for cooling products during quenching. The purpose of the invention is to facilitate operation and increase productivity by accelerating the unloading of products. The device contains a bath and a perforated basket, in the bottom and end wall of which windows are made. On the windows there are hinges installed with clamps. The basket is pivotally connected with two cranks with intersecting axles of hinges. One of the cranks is connected to the drive with a shaft. The cranks are mounted on a rotating frame, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the axis of the drive shaft of the crank joints. The shafts of the frame and the hinges are connected to the drive through a two-way clutch. 3 il. (L oo with 00 1C

Description

The invention relates to heat treatment and is intended for cooling articles during quenching.

The purpose of the invention is to facilitate operation and increase productivity by expediting the unloading of products.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device in the working position; in fig. 2 - the same, when unloading (loading) of the Products; in fig. 3 - drive device.

The device comprises a bath 1 in which a perforated basket 2 is placed. The latter is constructed depending on the type of products to be cooled. It can be welded from wire with the appropriate cell size. The basket 2 is pivotally connected to the two cranks 3 and 4 by means of the fingers 5 and 6. The shaft 7 of the crank 3 is placed in the support 8 of the pivoting frame 9, which is pivotally mounted on two racks 10 and 11 rigidly fixed on the bath plate 12. On this plate is placed and the source of the drive 13 (gear motor or electric motor with gear), the shaft of which is connected to the shaft 7 of the crank 3 by means of the coupling 14.

The geometrical axis o (shaft 1 of crank 3 and axis t of finger 5 are crossed at an angle ci. The shortest distance between the indicated axes is 1 (measured from the middle of the shaft supports 7 to the axis b).

The geometrical axis from the finger 6 and the axis d of the shaft 15 of the crank 4 are also crossed at an angle tiL and spaced from each other at the shortest distance 1, i.e. cranks 3 and 4 are the same in their linear and angular parameters

The support 16 of the shaft 15 is rigidly connected to the swivel frame 9.

The geometrical axis d of the shaft 15 is perpendicular to the geometrical axis and the shaft 7 and is located at a distance of 1. The axis is exactly the same way. With finger 6 and axis b of finger 5, i.e. they are located at a distance of 1 and are perpendicular to each other.

The crossing angle ci of the axes of the crankshaft shafts is determined by the expression 0 arcsin 1/1, where 1 is the shortest distance between the axes of the finger and the crankshaft (b and s respectively s and o); 1 - distance between perpendicular axes a and o of shafts

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

cranks (the same with; the distance between perpendicular axes b and from the fingers of the cranks), and length 1 is less than 1.

Theoretically, the angle d can take any of the values determined by the lengths 1, 1 and lying within the limits of Q d 90 °.

But . for practical purposes, the angles ot close to O and 90 ° are undesirable to take, since at these values the manufacturing and design of the device become more complex and its working conditions deteriorate (at O and 90 ° the device degenerates). The optimal value of the angle in the range of 10-45 °.

The gear wheel 17 is rigidly fixed on the pivoting frame 9. The fastening is carried out by the pins 18. On the basket 2 there is an unloading cover 19 with guide sides 20 in which there are holes 21. The unloading cap 19 is mounted on the basket 2 by means of hinges 22 and has the locking device 23. The basket is also equipped with a loading lid 24 mounted on hinges 25. The loading lid also has a locking device 26.

Branch pipes 27 are installed in the lower and upper parts of the bath 1, and limit switches 28 and 29 are installed on the bath 1.

The gear wheel 17 mounted on the pivoting frame 9 engages with the gear wheel 30 rigidly mounted on the shaft 31, pivotally mounted on the support 32. The gear wheel 33 is rigidly fixed on the shaft 31 and engages the gear 34, pivotally mounted support 35. Supports 32 and 35 are fixed on the plate 12.

To switch the movement from the drive crank to the swing frame or vice versa, the source of the drive 13 is equipped with a double-sided clutch 36. As an example, a cam double-sided coupling is shown, the left coupling half of which is rigidly connected to the scarlet 7 of the leading crank 3, the right-toothed, wheel 34 .. The middle coupling half is movably mounted on the splined shaft of the drive source 13. A switch 37 is used to turn on the middle coupling half with the right or left half coupling.

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The device works as follows.

Bath 1 is filled with coolant. Basket 2 (without products) is located in the position shown in Fig.1. Drive source is disabled.

The middle coupling half of the two-way clutch 36 is switched to the right position by the switch 37 and connects the shaft of the source of the drive 13 to the gear 34, The source of the drive 13 turns on in the right direction, the shaft of which through gears 34 and 33, shaft 31 and through gears 30 and 17 turns the pivoting frame 9 into the desired position. Since the pivoting frame must rotate more slowly, the two-stage transmission reduces its speed. After turning the pivot frame 9 to the position shown in FIG. 2, with the limit switch, the actuator 13 is turned off. Basket 2 will take a convenient position for loading the products on the side of the bath (Fig. 2). The locking device 26 opens the loading lid 24 and fills the basket 2 with articles. When this boot. Lid 19 is closed. After the basket 2 is filled with products, the cover 24 is closed with the locking device 26. The drive source 13 is turned on and the basket is brought to the working position (Fig. 1). The drive is turned off by the limit switch 28.

The middle coupling half of the neper coupling 36 is driven to the left position and connects the shaft of the drive source 13 to the shaft 7 of the crank 3. The drive source is turned on, 13, and the cranks are set in motion.

Since the shaft 7 of the crank 3 and the shaft 15 of the crank 4 are perpendicular, the planes of rotation of the cranks 3 and 4 are mutually perpendicular, therefore the basket 2 has a spatial movement. By crossing the axes of the crank fingers and their shafts, the basket 2 additionally receives a swinging movement with a swing angle of 2 d. ,

Thus, the basket along with the products has a complex spatial (volumetric) movement in a cooling medium. The product is, therefore,

moves in the cooling medium alternately with all its parts (up-down, left-right, rocking with an angle of 2 ci in the transverse direction).

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thirty

35

40

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55

, With the volumetric spatial movement of the product, the air jacket is broken off from its surface and cooling occurs at high speed. Due to this movement, the liquid itself is actively stirred by the basket and product, and its temperature in any part of the body (up and down, etc.) remains the same, which contributes to uniform cooling of the products and the absence of warping, elimination of heterogeneity, hardness and cracks.

The degree of cooling of the products is controlled by the speed of mixing the product in a liquid, depending on the frequency of rotation of the cranks. The total temperature of the cooling medium can be adjusted by entering cold and withdrawing the heated medium through the nozzles 27.

After the quenching process is completed, the source of the drive 13 is disconnected.

The middle coupling half of the coupling 36 is placed in the right position and the source of the drive 13 is shifted to the position shown in FIG. 2. By means of the locking device 23, the discharge cover 20 is opened and the products are unloaded. When the basket 2 with the products comes out of the cooling medium (most often aggressive and harmful to health), the remaining liquid flows from the product into the housing 1. As the basket 2 is above the housing 1 and is located obliquely relative to it, and the discharge cover 20 is open the role of the guiding chute, the products slide (slide) from basket 2 along the discharge lid 20 into a pre-prepared container. The side guides 21 prevent the products from scattering outside the container. Then the discharge lid 20 is closed with the locking device 23, the loading lid 24 is opened and the basket 2 is filled with the products of the next batch, and the cycle is repeated.

Thus, the loading and unloading of products occurs semi-automatically, without contact with them.

The invention makes it easier to load and speed up the unloading of products from the basket, not removing the cooling medium from the body, prevents the contact (contact) of the person with the cooling medium and products, improves; labor conditions, increases production culture, plant performance and efficiency.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for hardening products, containing a bath and a basket pivotally connected to it by two cuers with cross-hinged pivot axes, one of which is connected to the shaft with a drive, characterized in that, in order to facilitate operation and increase productivity by accelerating the unloading of products, it further comprises turning frame with shaft, with cranks mounted on the frame, the axis of rotation of the frame coincides with the shaft of the drive shaft of the hinges, the shafts frame1) 1 and the hinges are connected to the drive through a two-way i clutch switch, and in the bottom and end wall of the basket more distant from the swing shaft frames, B1) are full of windows with folding covers installed on them with the possibility of fixing: - kami .. - 29 27 13 J5 Editor I. Segl nick 3 Compiled by G. Maximenko Tehred I.Popovich Proofreader E. Roshko 3542/28 Circulation 549Subscribe VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design.