SU1329655A1 - Potato harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for harvesting potatoes. The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the combine by improving the performance of the operation of the separating and crushing devices ff I / U //// 7 / /////////////////////// ///////////////////// of ff by removing the tops from the combine, mine these devices. New in the combine are the installation of the front drum 10 of the topper-removing bar conveyor 11 under the rear edge of the plowshare 5, as well as the placement of the front pulley 6 of the main receiving belt conveyor 7 above the front edge of the plowshare 5 with the possibility of rolling it over the surface of the pile. Belt conveyors 14 and 18 are installed in the loop contour of the bar topper of the lower conveyor 11 with oscillatory movements from the crank mechanism. The first one is designed to support and destroy the undermined reservoir, and the second one is to build soil from tubers. In the combine, new separating and compacting devices are installed. 13 3. p. F-ly, 12 ill. (L 55 00 N3 g 05 SL SL

Description

Injustment of industrial plants with k.: Eskohs): (A special machine building industry, namely, machines for harvesting potatoes.

The aim of the invention is to increase: 1 () the effective work of the combine by improving the nokazate: 1st quality work of the senary and compressed equipment by removing the tops of the tops from the combine, mine devices.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a potato harvester; in fig. 2 - non-rare part of the combine, top view; in fig. 3 haulage device; in fig. 4 - separation device, side view; in fig. 5 - the same, top view; in fig. 6 and 7 - schemes of separation of potatoes from vegetation; on flash 8-channel device,

nid from the side; in fig. 9 view A in FIG. eight; in fig. 10, node I in FIG. eight; in fig. 11 -, 1 st, the process of pressing the tops to the soil, undermining the reservoir, forcing the reservoir through the lumens of the conveyor rod and squeezing the tops, fracturing the reservoir and loading it onto the receiving part of the separating device; in fig. 12 is a schematic drawing of soil and roil soil from potato tubers.

The potato harvester includes a haulage device I, consisting of front stops 2, sides 3 and arcs 4. Above the digging plow 5 there is a front pulley 6 of the pressure belt conveyor 7, and on the sides of the front pulley 6 there are disks on the same axis 8 9.

Under the plowshare 5, the front drum 10 of the tooton-removing rod conveyor 11 is installed, forming with the pulley 6 and the contact line of 12 panels of conveyors 7 and 11 a wedge-shaped cavity 13, the iodine of which has a supporting belt conveyor 14, the front pulley 15 of which is mounted on the same axis with the front the drum 10 of the bar conveyor 11, and the rear pulley 16 is connected with a krivots1npno-tsunnym mechanism 17 (Fig. 11).

In the contour of the bar-topper-removing conveyor 1 1, a belt conveyor 18 is mounted, the front 19 of which (Fig. 12) is connected to the crank-type P1atun mechanism 20, and the rear pulley 21 is equipped with a mechanism 22 for raising and lowering.

To separate the potatoes from the soil and small vegetation in the combine under the rear pulley 16 of the holding conveyor 14, a separating device 23 is installed, which has a grate 24 (Fig. 4) with a receiving 25 and 26 ends, comb-shaped conveyor 27 with combs 28, suspension 29) epilet, Krivop I11No-connecting rod mechanism 30, rear drum 31 with axle 32 of comb conveyor 27, semi-cylindrical grill 33 mounted on go-1) horizontal axis 34, the lower end 35 of which is spring-loaded to stop 36 spring 37,

vertical slots 38 cavities 39 and 40.

To destroy the soil lumps, a separator device 41 is installed behind the separation device 23, consisting of a vibrating trellis inclined surface 42 with longitudinal lumens 43, a conveyor 44 with dihedral wedges 45 attached to it, filled with individual parts 46,

To eliminate the possibility of moving soil lumps from the upper cavity

separators 47 are installed at the bottom between the wedges.

The device has a receiving part 48 and an entry point of 49.

Oscillatory movements on the suspensions 50 of the inclined surface 42 are carried out

0 krnvon by the hypno-puncture mechanism 51 with a re-I y; i and a number of em ex tiTp and with and teto. M.

Before the spring 52, spring loaded rear HJKHB 53 of the clamping conveyor 7, the tuber separator bar 54 is installed, under

5, a transverse conveyor 57 is installed to transfer the potatoes to the elevating conveyor 55 and to load the hopper 56, and a transverse conveyor 58 is installed below K1) with the pressure-reducing device 41.

Potato harvester working

0 as follows.

Moving to the front of the combine, the haulm device 1, with its middle stops 2 running between the heads, pulls the lying tops along the bed, the sidewall 3 compresses the tops in the pent, du5 1 n 4 tilts it towards the night, and the front njKnB 6 of the clamping belt Trans-yurte 7 finally pulls the tops to the soil of the reservoir to its undermining, which eliminates the possibility of pulling when pulling out the lying tops. So that the group did not fall apart along the sides of the pulley 6, the tubers did not fall out and the lift force increased, the sides of the N1 truck 6 had disks 9 installed along the same axis 8.

5 A layer of soil excavated by the plowshare 5, with the tops pressed against it, is drawn into the wedge-shaped cavity 13, and as it progresses, the soil and potato tubers are forced through the wide gaps of the topper bar

0 And to the supporting conveyor 14, the front pulley 15 of which is mounted on the same axis with the front drum 10 of the topper-removing conveyor 11.

On the contact line of 12 panels of conveyors 7 and 11, the tops are clamped,

5a, the soil and potatoes pressed through the lumens, crushed together with oscillations of the rear pulley 16 by means of a crank-patup mechanism 17 (Fig. 11), descend

from the supporting conveyor 14. Potato tubers unwrapped from the stolons of the clamped tops, enter the building conveyor belt 18, where the soil is jigged from the fertilizer to it by means of the front ujKHBa 19 oscillations (Fig. 12) carried out by a Krivosti shatunnaya mechanism m 20.

Lumps of soil, not struck from tubers and stolons, are crushed between the webs of conveyors 7 and II and the rear pulley 21, made elastic in the form of a pneumocylinder, having a lifting and lowering mechanism 22 for changing the size of the feedthrough.

Spreading potato tubers through a spreader conveyor 18, which hang on stolons of squeezed tops, are separated by a tuber sling bar 54 to a cross conveyor 57, which transfers the tubers to a lifting conveyor 55 to load the hopper 56. The tops are thrown onto the field.

The soil, which tears off the potato tubers and small vegetation, is not clamped by the conveyor belts 7 and 11, descend from the conveyor 14 and enter the receiving end 25 of the grate pipe 24 of the separating device 23.

The comb 28 (fig. 4) of the comb conveyor 27 transports mass (soil, tubers and vegetation) along the surface of the existing grate 24, which receives oscillatory movements from the curvature-rod mechanism 30 and the suspensions 29, to the output end 26.

On the way, the soil lumps are destroyed and the soil is sifted out, and the remaining lumps, potatoes and vegetation are dumped into the cavity 39 between the outlet end 26 and the semi-cylindrical grill 33 suspended on the horizontal axis 34. The tubers and lumps roll out through the vertical slots 38 to the bottom the end 35 of the grill 33 enters the compact pressure device 41, and the vegetation hangs in cavity 39, from which its combs 28 are pulled out by turning them around the axis 32 of the rear drum 31 through the lower cavity 40 into the field. The size of the cavity is established by the stop 36 and the spring 37.

The soil lumps and tubers of potatoes entering the receiving part 48 of the compacting device 41 under the action of their own Beta fill the cavities between the vibrating grating inclined surface 42 with longitudinal gaps 43 and the surface of two-sided wedges 45 attached to the conveyor 44 and made of separate parts 46 and placed in height.

When oscillations of the inclined surface 42, carried out with the help of suspensions 50 and of an axially adjustable atrium mechanism 51 with adjustable eccentricity, lumps of damage

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During the movement along the inclined surface 42 and through its lumens 43 they are sifted out, and clean tubers through the exit path 49 are fed to the transverse conveyor 58 for transfer to the sub: transporter 55 for loading the hopper 56 in parallel flow.

To eliminate the possibility of soil lumps and soil, separate gels 47 were installed between the wedges and the upper cavity.

To change the size of the wedge-shaped post 13, the rear pulley 53 of the pressure conveyor 7 is spring-loaded by a spring 52.

Claims (13)

1.Kartofeleuborochny harvester comprising mounted on a frame 1emeh, and the separating device komkodavilnoe having klubneotryvnoy rod, botvouda- l yuschy botvoprizhimayuschy rod and belt conveyors, the lift conveyor and a hopper, characterized in that in order to combine the Enhance work efficiency by improving the performance the quality of the work of separating the compacting device by removing the foliage from the combine, mine these devices, the front drum of the topper bar conveyor is installed under the It edge coulter and the front pulley botvoprizhimnogo belt conveyor is located above the front edge of the coulter with vo.zmozhnostyu rolling of it on the surface c-discharge, wherein between the front barabans m botvoudal front guide pulley of the conveyor and the conveyor botvoprizhimnogo to abutment of webs is formed wedge cavity. 2. A combine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear cheek of the belt clamp is spring-loaded in the first direction to change the size of the first cavity to the first part of the first cavity. 3.Ko.Mbayn according to claim 1, it is important to the fact that with the sides of the front - wah of the pressure conveyor on the same axis with him drives. 4. Combine according to Claim 1, characterized in that a booster device is installed in front of the combine front of the forward pulley of the main conveyor belt, the front grippers and the direction, 1 of which is interconnected from the side and side. 5. A combine according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to keep the excavated formation from collapsing to, mon () d) squeeze the tops, under the wedge-shaped, 1st inside, the toothed contour of the first transporter is located The 1-lUju i conveyor, the front pulley of which is mounted on one axle with the front drum, has a topper TpaHcnopTejia, and the rear P1KIV is connected to a curved mechanism with an adjustable eccentricity attached to the frame of the combine. 6. Combine on n. 1, characterized in that, in order to clean the tubers of the tops and the soil, a cleaning belt conveyor is hinged on the frame of the combine, the front pulley of which is connected to the crank-HJaTyHHbiM mechanism with an adjustable eccentricity, which is attached to the frame of the combine, and the rear pulley is equipped with a mechanism for raising and lowering it. 7. Combine no. 1, characterized in that, in order to transfer the potatoes to the bunker parallel to the flow, a cross conveyor is located under the tuber-tear bar. 8. A combine according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation of impurities from potato tubers, the separating device is located behind the supporting conveyor belt under the lower branch of the topper-worm of the conveyor belt and is made in the form of a hinged parallel. yogram and connected with the drive mechanism in the oscillatory motion of the grate with the receiving and output ends and a comb conveyor, the fingers of which are located in the gaps between the grate and above the exit sieve on the horizontal axis. parallel to the axis of a given drum of the comb conveyor, a semi-cylindrical grill is installed, the radius of the inner circle of which is equal to the radius of the circle described by the ends of the dies when turning them around the rear 0 five 0 five 0 five a comb conveyor drum, with the vertical slits of the sieve having the form of a semicircle, and the bottom edge of the lattice is spring-loaded to the support fixed to the frame. 9. A combine according to claim 8, characterized in that the drive mechanism for the oscillatory movement of the grate is made by a crank with an adjustable eccentricity value. 10. A combine according to claim 8, characterized in that the grate is made in the form of closed frames, inside which the comb conveyor is located, and the receiving part of the sieve is formed by the continuation of the lower sides of these frames. 11. A combine according to claim 1, characterized in that the compacting device is located behind the separating device and is made in the form of a vibrating lattice inclined surface above which the conveyor is installed, on the surface of the working branch of which the longitudinal wedges are installed, and the back side of each previous wedge contacts with the toe of each subsequent. 12. A combine according to claim 11, characterized in that each r.t. of the compressed air conveyor is made up of several parts. 13. A combine according to claim 11, characterized in that a separator is installed on the back side of each wedge to prevent lumps from rolling. I. A combine harvester according to claim 11, characterized in that a cross conveyor is located under the compaction unit for transferring the potatoes to the lifting conveyor. p p p p p p p p | 7 one | H one / J 1U JU and and and  t I 56 faaz Fig2 J4 32 26 39 36 fig4 J L 3ff P (pus 5 28 38 Fig 6 39 35 ( one Sf 46 V FIG. 8 CpuP./ff /// x / „.„ 20 nineteen 21 puel2 Compiled by B Nikolaev Editor M. TsitkinaTehred I. Eiepeccorrector G. Reshetnik Order 3503, 2 Circulation 627- Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35. Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4