SU1328365A1 - Method of improvement of peat hothouse soils - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method by increasing the content of water-resistant aggregates. Fresh peat in the amount of 1/3 of the reclaimed soil is introduced into the peat greenhouse soil. Steam the soil with dry steam with a temperature of 110 ° C. Add a 5% suspension of peat or sapropel, previously hydrolyzed with a 1 m solution of ammonia or potassium hydroxide to a suspension pH of 8-10, by spraying on the surface at a dose of 2.5-6 wt.% On the dry matter of the substrate. Then liming the soil to a pH of 6.0-6.8. 6 tab. § (L 00 y 00 oo s ate

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the reclamation of peat greenhouse soils.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process by increasing the content of water-resistant aggregates.

Example. A 5% aqueous peat suspension (or sapropel) is prepared,

To do this, to 25 kg of wet (W 80 wt.%) Lowland reed-sedge peat with a degree of decomposition, ash content of 10%, pretreated with a screw mechanism, add 65 l of water, mix the mixture and add an aqueous solution of ammonia until the pH of the suspension is 8, After that, the volume of the suspension is brought to 100 l with water and then to a pH of 8 with aqueous ammonia

A slurry of sapropel was prepared in a similar manner (with an ash content of 13%, pH 6.8), and a 10% aqueous solution, p KOH,

Fresh peat in the amount of 1/3 of the reclaimed soil is introduced into the peat greenhouse soil and mixed with FS-0.7A self-propelled electrical cutters,

Then the soil is steamed with dry steam with a temperature of 110 ° C.

The steam is supplied to the ground through perforated hoses, on which the greenhouse soil is placed with rollers, and the ground surface is additionally covered with plastic wrap. Steaming of the soil is carried out until the soil temperature reaches 30 cm at a depth of 80-90 ° C and is maintained at this temperature for 0.5-1 hours,

I

 Peat suspension is introduced by spraying over the surface, for which a tank is installed on the T-16 M chassis, which is filled with a 5% suspension. From the tank to the platforms, a 5% suspension is fed through the hoses using a pump. The suspension on the pads is introduced in two steps with mixing of the soil between the operations of applying the improver by spraying it over the surface.

The soil is then chilled to a pH of 6.0-6.8,

From the point of view of optimization of the components of the mineral nutrition of plants. In the soil (balanced content) t hydrolysis of humic compounds can be carried out jointly with ammonia and KOH,

The content of water-resistant aggregates in the soil is determined by wet sieve analysis of soil samples (without preliminary drying). Soaking time of soil samples in water is 4 days.

The effect of the amelioration method on the content of water-resistant aggregates in the peat greenhouse soil (the ameliorant dose is 5% on the dry matter of peat) is given in Table 1.

From the data in Table I, it can be seen that the amelioration of peat greenhouse soil according to the proposed method makes it possible to increase the content of the water-resistant fraction by about 2 times (ostruktu-, greenhouse soil by about 60%).

Changing the sequence of steaming operations and adding fresh peat additives significantly increases the yield of water-intensive fractions in peat greenhouse soil ameliorated by hydrolyzed alkaline reagents humic compounds (peat suspension hydrolyzed by ammonia). .

The influence of the type of humate-containing raw material on the efficiency of the structure-forming effect of ameliorants (a dose of ameliorants 5%,%) is given in

table 2,

The effect of the improver's dose (peat suspension, hydrolyzed by ammonia on the effectiveness of its water-intensive structure-forming effect in

peat greenhouse soil) is given in Table 3 ..

Table 4 shows the effect of the degree of hydrolysis of peat, sapropel, and KOH on the effectiveness of the water-intensive structure-forming effect of suspensions when they are introduced into the soil according to the proposed method (dose of ameliorant is 3.0% by weight on the substrate dry matter)

Table 5 shows the effect of the method of treating peat greenhouse soil with ameliorants on the value of its maximum water retention capacity.

The impact of the proposed method of amelioration on the growth of plants on the ameliorated soil are given in table 6

Thus, the application of the proposed method allows 1.5-2 Pa13283654

u, so that, in order to increase the efficiency of the method, by increasing the content of water-resistant aggregates, fresh peat is added before steaming, and before liming a 5% suspension of peat or sapropel is added, previously greenhouse water with ammonia soils, including steaming or potassium hydroxide to slurry pH and adding fresh peat followed by liming, increasing the content of water-intensive fraction in peat greenhouse and 10% and to increase its ability to hold water.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Zia, in a dose of 2.5-6 May. hoe substance substrate. on sous Peat greenhouse soil + steaming + suspension of peat hydrolyzed with ammonia + liming to soil pH 6.0 Peat greenhouse soil + steaming + peat (1/3) + liming; to pH 6.0 Peat greenhouse soil + peat (1/3) + steaming + suspension + liming to pH 6.0 Note: (1/3) - the volume of peat introduced into the greenhouse soil. The volume of peat for entering the soil is determined from the calculation of the loss of soil after operation; The pH of the suspension applied to the soil is 8. The content of the water-resistant fraction is 1 mm; R 18.7%, P. 28.0 wt.%. In order to increase the efficiency of the method, by increasing the content of water-resistant aggregates, fresh peat is introduced before steaming, and before liming a 5% suspension of torf or sapropel, previously hydrolyzed with ammonia, is added ka or potassium hydroxide to pH of the suspension Zia, in a dose of 2.5-6 May. hoe substance substrate. on table 1 0.67 1.0 2.1  in those canopies were yerzhan R Reclamation and method of reclamation Control Peat soil + steaming + peat suspension hydrolyzed with ammonia + liming to pH 6 The proposed method Peat soil + peat (1/3) + steaming + suspension of peat hydrolyzed with ammonia + liming to pH 6 Peat greenhouse groot + steaming + sapropel suspension hydrolyzed with ammonia + liming to pH 6 Peat soil + peat (1/3) + steaming + suspension of sapropel hydrolyzed with ammonia + liming to pH 6 note Used as ameliorants use ammonia hydrolyzed suspensions. .com to pH 8, Pd (peat) 18.7%, RD (sapropel) 18%, Table 3 table 2 The relative content of water-resistant units (d I mm) compared to control, P, - / P 1.00 1.50 1.00 1.39 2.5 5.0 6.0 Note, Method of application - peat greenhouse soil + peat (1/3) + + steaming + suspension of peat hydrolyzed with ammonia + + liming to pH - 6.0, P 28.0. As a control used greenhouse peat yy ground, reclaimed by a known method. Peat . Sapropel eight . Continuation of table 3 . 1.8 2.1 2.2 Table 4 9 Note. The content of water-resistant units to control P 19%. Soil treatment method Soil + steaming + liming (pH 6 Soil + steaming + peat (1/3) + + liming (pH-6) Soil + peat (1/3) + steaming + + peat suspension + liming (pH 6) Note and. e. Dose of peat suspension hydrolyzed ammonia 5.0%, U; 2.6 kg / kg. 132836510 Continuation of table 4 Table 5 The ratio of the maximum water-holding capacity of the reclaimed soil (U;) to the value of the maximum water-holding capacity of the soil in the HCxo / jHOM state (Uo), i- / and „ 1.0 1.20 1.32 Famous Soil + steaming + + peat (1/3) + liming (PH 6.0) Proposed Soil + peat (1/3) + steaming., + + Peat suspension + izrestokkovye (pH 6) Note. Dose improver (peat suspension, hydrolyzed.ammonia) 5.0%. The repetition of experiments 4 times, Table 6 20.1 91 2  one "-