SU1318746A1 - Universal joint - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to devices for connecting non-axial shafts. The aim of the invention is to reduce the dimensions and decrease the metal intensity while ensuring equal strength of the components. The hinge contains two forks, an intermediate element mounted between them with two right angle intersecting holes in which the hinge pins, which interact with the holes in the eyes of the forks, are mounted. The intermediate element is mounted so that the hinge pin connecting it with the plug is installed in a hole remote from the plug. The shapes of the surfaces of the fork lugs and the intermediate element ensure their closest approach. 9 il. with CX) N4 05

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to devices for transmitting torque between non-axial shafts.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the dimensions of the joint, to reduce the metal intensity while ensuring the equal strength of its components.

FIG. 1 shows a hinge at the misalignment of one of the forks, the general view in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the action of tensile (black) and compressive (white) external forces; in fig. 3 - hinge disassembled, general view; in fig. 4 is a section A-A in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 - diagrams of bending moments from the loading of the joint with an external force F applied to one of the forks with maximum misalignment; in fig. 6 - the same for Hooke's joint with intersecting axes of the intermediate element; in fig. 7 is a variant of the simplification of the intermediate element, general view; in fig. 8 is a variant of simplifying the inner surfaces of the plug; in fig. 9 is an embodiment of the insert, general view.

The universal joint contains two forks 1, an intermediate element 2 and two hinged rings 3.

Each of the forks 1 consists of a pin 4 and two lugs 5, in which coaxial cylindrical holes 6 are made, the Y-Y axis of which is perpendicular to the X-X axis of the fork.

The end faces and side surfaces of the lugs are formed by external conical surfaces 7, smoothly mated with flat surfaces 8, mated in turn with internal conical surfaces 9. The axis of surface 7 coincides with the axis of coaxial holes 6, and the top of the conical surface 7 is located the point 10 of intersection of the axis XX of the plug and the axis YY of the coaxial holes. The angle of inclination of the surface 7 to the Y-Y axis is 45 °.

The Z-Z axis of surface 9 is perpendicular to the Y-Y axis of surface 7 and at a distance equal to the distance between the hinge rings 3, and the vertex is located at the intersection point 11 of the X-X axis of the fork and Z-Z axis. The angle of inclination of the surface 9 to the Z-Z axis is 45 °.

The inner surfaces of the lugs are formed by two flat parallel surfaces 12, joined together by a toroidal surface 13, the radius g of which is equal to half the distance between the surfaces 12, and the intersection lines of the surfaces 12, 8 are at an angle of the axis XX of the fork XX, - permissible misalignment of forks.

The intermediate element 2 is provided with two pairs of flat parallel surfaces 14 arranged perpendicularly to each other with two holes 15 crossing at a right angle,

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made at a distance P from each other and toroidal surfaces 16 at the ends.

FIG. Figure 5 shows a plot of bending moments from a hinge loading by an external force F applied to one of the forks when it is located in the extreme angular position. The epure has a loaded part a. For comparison, in FIG. Figure 6 shows the plot for the Hooke hinge, where the hinge axes are made intersecting, not having parts a, whose length depends directly proportionally to the distance P (Fig. 3) and is equal to the distance from the hinge pin to the extreme point of the eyelet of this fork.

In the absence of compressive loads, the toroidal surface 13 of the lugs can be replaced by a cylindrical surface 17 (FIG. 8) while maintaining the shape of the surfaces 16 of the intermediate element 2.

The shape of the intermediate element 2 can be further simplified if there is a gap b (Fig. 7). In this case, the toroidal surfaces 16 can be replaced by flat surfaces 18.

The hinge is assembled by connecting the plug in series with the intermediate element and then connecting the intermediate element to another fork.

When one of the forks is rotated about its own axis, the hinge pin, the intermediate element, the other finger and the other fork are rotated.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A universal joint that contains two forks with coaxial holes in the pilot eye, is installed with the ability to interact with each other by means of an intermediate element placed between them with two right-angle crossing holes, as well as two articulated fingers mounted in the holes of the lugs and intermediate element, characterized in that, in order to reduce overall dimensions, reduce metal consumption while ensuring equal strength, one of the hinge fingers connecting the lugs of one of the forks with The second element is located between the other finger and the inner surfaces of the lugs of the other fork, the end faces and side surfaces of the fork lugs are made with external conical surfaces, the axis of which coincides with the axis of coaxial holes, the top is located at the point of intersection of the axis of the fork with the axis of coaxial holes, the inclination of the generators is equal to 45 °, connected with flat surfaces of the holes and connected with them with internal conical surfaces, the axis of which is located perpendicular to the axis of the external conical surfaces It, at a distance equal to the distance between the hinge fingers, the top of which is located at the point of intersection of the axis of the fork with the axis of the other finger, and the angle of inclination of the generators is equal to 45 °, the inner surfaces of the lugs are made in the form of two flat parallel surfaces conjugate to each other a surface whose radius of section is half the distance between flat parallel surfaces, with the intersection line of each of the flat inner surfaces with a flat side surface located at an angle to the fork axis, equal to the maximum permissible misalignment of the forks, and the intermediate element is made with two pairs of flat parallel surfaces perpendicular to each other, joined at the ends by toroidal surfaces, which are in response to the corresponding surfaces of the forks. 1 73 / Fig.Z Fy FIG. five f FIG. 6 Fig.8 FIG. at