SU1278677A1

SU1278677A1 - Viscometer

Info

Publication number: SU1278677A1
Application number: SU843802327A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Иванович Пищенко
Original assignee: Pishchenko Leonid
Priority date: 1984-10-16
Filing date: 1984-10-16
Publication date: 1986-12-23

Abstract

Описан капилл рный вискозиметр, со сменным капилл ром, содержащий камеру дл исследуемого вещества, конечный выключатель, врем измерительную схему, блок управлени , подключенный к реле, датчик давлени , через повторитель со сдвигом соединеншой с камерой дп исследуемого веще- ства, термометр, выход которого подключен к блоку умножени , выход которого через сумматор, второй вход которого подключен к блоку коррекции, подключенному к термометру, соединен с одним из входов повторител со сдвигом, а входы блока умножени и соответствующий вход блока коррекции соединены с выходом врем измерительной системы через блок пам ти, вход которого соединен с блоком управле:НИЯ . 1 ил. 5 а Л СХ) Од A capillary viscometer with a replaceable capillary is described, which contains a chamber for the test substance, a limit switch, a time measuring circuit, a control unit connected to the relay, a pressure sensor, through a repeater with a shift connected to the chamber dp of the substance under investigation, a thermometer whose output connected to the multiplication unit, the output of which through an adder, the second input of which is connected to the correction unit connected to the thermometer, is connected to one of the inputs of the repeater with a shift, and the inputs of the multiplication unit and the corresponding The opposite input of the correction unit is connected to the output of the time of the measuring system through the memory block, the input of which is connected to the control unit: NII. 1 il. 5 a L CX) Od

Description

1 one

Изобретение относитс к измерению в зкости жидких и газообразных сред и может быть использо,вано в нефтехимической промышленности.The invention relates to the measurement of the viscosity of liquid and gaseous media and can be used in the petrochemical industry.

Цель изобретени - повышение точности измерений.The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy.

На чертеже схематически изображен вискозиметр.The drawing shows schematically a viscometer.

Вискозиметр содержит чувствитель- ный элемент в виде капршл ра 1, укрепленного на камере 2, установленной на проточной камере 3. Камера 2 снабжена дополнительным капилл ром 4, установленным в верхней части камеры 2 и соедин ющий ее с буферной емкостью 5. На проточной камере 3 установлен датчик 6 давлени , соеди- - ненный с повторителем 7 со сдвигом, выход icoToporo через реле 8 соединен с буферной емкостью 5. Выход повторител со сдвигом, управл ющий величиной сдвига-, соединен с задатчиком 9 и с выходом термометра, состо щего из ламинарного 10 и турбулентного 11 дросселей. Мелсду выходом термометра и выходом повторител 7 со сдвигом установлен блок 12 умножени на коэффициент, выход которого через сумматор 13, второй вход которого подкх1ючен к блоку 14 коррекции, также подключен к термометру.The viscometer contains a sensitive element in the form of a capr 1, mounted on chamber 2 mounted on flow chamber 3. Chamber 2 is equipped with an additional capillary 4 mounted in the upper part of chamber 2 and connecting it to the buffer tank 5. On flow chamber 3 A pressure sensor 6 connected to a repeater 7 with a shift is installed, the output icoToporo is connected via relay 8 to a buffer tank 5. The output of a repeater with a shift controlling the value of the shift is connected to the setpoint 9 and to the output of a thermometer consisting of a laminar 10 and turbo entnogo 11 chokes. Melsdu output of the thermometer and the output of the repeater 7 with a shift unit 12 is set to multiply by a factor, the output of which through the adder 13, the second input of which is connected to the correction unit 14, is also connected to the thermometer.

Внутренн полость камеры 2 сое- -динепа с конечным .выключателем,, выполненным в виде повторител 15 со сдвигом с элементам 16 сравнени и реле 17, соединенного с врем измерительной системой 18 и. блоком 19 управлени , подключенного к реле 8, Дроссель 20 служит дл питани повторител 15. Входы блока 12 умножени , управл ющие величиной коэффициента умножени , и соответствующий вход блока коррекции соединены с. выходом врем измерительной системы 18 через.блок 21 пам ти, причем вход блока пам ти, управл юшэ1Й ее положением, соединен с блоком 19 управлени .The inner cavity of the chamber 2 is co-single with a final switch, made in the form of a repeater 15 with a shift with comparison elements 16 and a relay 17 connected with time by measuring system 18 and. a control unit 19 connected to the relay 8, the choke 20 serves to power the repeater 15. The inputs of the multiplication unit 12, which control the magnitude of the multiplication factor, and the corresponding input of the correction unit are connected to. The output of the time of the measuring system 18 is through the memory block 21, and the input of the memory block, which is controlled by its position, is connected to the control block 19.

Вискозиметр работает следующим образом.The viscometer works as follows.

При срабатывании блока 19 управлени реле 8 подключает к буферной емкости 5 давление повтор ител 7 равноеWhen triggered by the control unit 19, the relay 8 connects to the buffer tank 5 the pressure of the repeater and 7 equal to

р Р +Р т-Р-,p P + P t-P-,

1 ст т На капилл ре 1 формируетс перепад давлени , равный у,.3 IT 1 st. On the capillary 1, a pressure differential is formed, equal to y, .3 IT

Л Р,г.э Р-гLR, g. E r-g

fOfO

1515

786772786772

и жидкость под действием этого перепада давлени начинает втекать в камеру 2, после заполнени которой жидкость через дополнительный капил- 5 л р 4 начинает втекать в буферную емкость 5. При зтом за счет дополнительного сопротивлени капилл ра 4 давление в камере 2 скачкообразно возрастает, что отражаетс возрастанием давлени на выходе повторител 15, сработает элемент 16 сравнени , что вызовет срабатывание реле 17, и на врем измерительную систему 18 поступает сигнал на окончание измерени времени втекани жидкости че- рез капилл р 1. По этой же команде блок 19 управлени переключает реле 8 и в камеру 5 поступает давление питани , превышающее давление в проточной камере 3, и жидкость.из камеры 2 вытеснитс . Вискозиметр готов к новому циклу измерени . По истечении заданного в программе блока 19 управлени времени реле 8 переброситс и подключит выход повторител со сдвигом 7 к камере 5. Одновременно на врем измерительную систему 18 поступает сигнал на начало измерени .and the liquid under the action of this pressure differential begins to flow into chamber 2, after filling which the liquid through the additional capillary 5 liters p 4 begins to flow into the buffer tank 5. At the same time, due to the additional resistance of the capillary 4, the pressure in chamber 2 increases abruptly, which is reflected an increase in pressure at the output of the repeater 15, the comparison element 16 will operate, which will trigger the relay 17, and for a time the measuring system 18 receives a signal to terminate the measurement of the time of fluid inflow through capillary 1. This the command control unit 19 switches the switch 8 and the chamber 5 enters the power pressure exceeding the pressure in the flow chamber 3 and the chamber 2 zhidkost.iz vytesnits. The viscometer is ready for a new measurement cycle. After expiration of the time control set in the program 19, the relay 8 will rerun and connect the repeater output with a shift of 7 to the chamber 5. At the same time, the measuring system 18 receives a signal to start the measurement.

Давлени , приложенные к мембранным блокам элемента сравнени : начало втекани жидкости через капилл р Р, ° заполнени камерыThe pressures applied to the membrane units of the reference element: the beginning of the inflow of fluid through the capillary P, ° chamber filling

00

5five

00

5five

00

5five

РR

, гдеwhere

величина сдвига .повторител 15 . 35 . При изменении температуры измер емой жидкости измен етс ее в зкость , а значит измен етс врем втекани жидкости. Дл компенсации этой .погрешности предлагаетс изменить величину перепада давлени на капилл ре 1. Это осуществл етс изменением величины задани повторителю со сдвигом 7 с помощью термометра 11 и 10. При увеличении температуры выходное давление термометра растет, а значит величина давлени , сформированного на повторителе со сдвигом 7, уменьщаетс , что приводит к уменьшению перепада давлени на дросселе 1 и восстановлению времени заполнени емкости 2. Таким образом реали- зуетс температурна компенсаци в вискозиметре. При изменении концентрации измен етс также и зависимость в зкоСТ.И от температуры. Дл осущест- .влени корректировки термокомпенсации при изменении концентрации между выходом термометра и входом повтогде у а+ЬТThe magnitude of the shift. Repeater 15. 35 When the temperature of the measured fluid changes, its viscosity changes, and therefore the time of fluid inflow changes. To compensate for this error, it is proposed to change the pressure drop across the capillary 1. This is done by changing the setpoint value of the repeater with a shift of 7 using a thermometer 11 and 10. As the temperature increases, the output pressure of the thermometer increases, which means the pressure generated by the shift repeater 7, decreases, which leads to a decrease in the pressure drop across the throttle 1 and the restoration of the filling time of the container 2. Thus, temperature compensation in the viscometer is realized. As the concentration changes, the dependence of viscosity also changes with temperature. To make the correction of temperature compensation when changing the concentration between the output of the thermometer and the input again a + T

и b Тand b T

kk

33

рител со сдвигом 7 установлен блок умножени 12. Выход блока умножени у ka + kbT,the offset shift 7 is set to multiplier 12. The output of multiplication block is ka + kbT,

выходной сигнал блока 12 зависимость выходного сигнала термометра от температуры; коэффициенты; температура; коэффициент, завис щий от концентрации (с) исследуемого вещества. Дл исключени сдвига на величин k- а установлен блок коррекции, вычил ющий величину a(k-l).the output signal of the block 12 temperature dependence of the output signal of the thermometer; coefficients; temperature; coefficient depending on the concentration (c) of the test substance. To eliminate the shift on the k-a values, a correction block is installed that subtracts the value of a (k-l).

Сумматор 13 суммирует сигналы темометра и блока 14 коррекции. Выход сумматора 13 (c)bT.The adder 13 summarizes the signals of the tempometer and the correction unit 14. The output of the adder 13 (c) bT.

Следовательно, выходной сигнал термометра после преобразовани на сумматоре 13 зависит от температуры и концентрации, что позвол ет осуществл ть коррекцию при изменении концентрации. Коррекци осуществл етс подключением выходного сигнала после врем измерительной системы 18 через блок 21 пам ти к входу блока 12 умножени , управл ющему величино коэффициента умножени . Частота коррекции регулируетс блоком 19 управConsequently, the output signal of the thermometer after conversion at the adder 13 depends on the temperature and concentration, which allows for correction with a change in concentration. The correction is performed by connecting the output signal after the time of the measuring system 18 through the memory unit 21 to the input of the multiplication unit 12, which controls the multiplication factor value. The correction frequency is controlled by the control unit 19.

Ленин, к выходу которого подсоединен блок 2I пам ти.Lenin, to the output of which memory block 2I is connected.

Claims

1 The invention relates to the measurement of the viscosity of liquid and gaseous media and can be used in the petrochemical industry. The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. The drawing shows schematically a viscometer. The viscometer contains a sensing element in the form of a capr 1, mounted on the chamber 2 mounted on the flow chamber 3. The chamber 2 is equipped with an additional capillary 4 mounted in the upper part of the chamber 2 and connecting it to the buffer tank 5. It is mounted on the flow chamber 3 A pressure sensor 6 connected to the repeater 7 with a shift, the output icoToporo is connected via relay 8 to a buffer tank 5. The output of the repeater with a shift controlling the value of the shift is connected to the setpoint 9 and to the output of the thermometer consisting of laminar 10 and turbulum ntnogo 1 throttles. Melsdu output of the thermometer and the output of the repeater 7 with a shift unit 12 is set to multiply by a factor, the output of which through the adder 13, the second input of which is connected to the correction unit 14, is also connected to the thermometer. The internal cavity of the chamber 2 of the two-dinepa with the end switch, made in the form of a repeater 15 with a shift with the elements of the comparison 16 and the relay 17 connected with the time measuring system 18 and. a control unit 19 connected to the relay 8, the choke 20 serves to power the repeater 15. The inputs of the multiplication unit 12, which control the magnitude of the multiplication factor, and the corresponding input of the correction unit are connected to. The output of the time of the measuring system 18 is through the memory block 21, and the input of the memory block, which is controlled by its position, is connected to the control block 19. The viscometer works as follows. When the control unit 19 is triggered, the relay 8 connects to the buffer tank 5 the pressure of the repeater and the 7 equal to Р Р + Р t-Р-, 1 ст т On the capillary 1 a pressure differential is formed, equal to Л Р, g e Р-y, .3 IT 772 and the liquid under the action of this pressure differential begins to flow into chamber 2, after filling which the liquid through the additional capillary 4 begins to flow into the buffer tank 5. At the same time, due to the additional resistance of the capillary 4, the pressure in chamber 2 increases abruptly, which reflected by the increase in pressure at the output of the repeater 1 5, the comparison element 16 will operate, which will trigger the relay 17, and for the time the measuring system 18 receives a signal to finish measuring the time of fluid inflow through the capillary 1. By the same command, the control unit 19 switches the relay 8 and the supply pressure enters the chamber 5 excess pressure in the flow chamber 3, and the liquid. from chamber 2 is displaced. The viscometer is ready for a new measurement cycle. After expiration of the time control set in the program 19, the relay 8 will rerun and connect the repeater output with a shift of 7 to the chamber 5. At the same time, the measuring system 18 receives a signal to start the measurement. The pressures applied to the membrane blocks of the reference element: the beginning of the fluid inflow through the capillary tube, ° the chamber is filled, where the magnitude of the shift is the repeater 15. . When the temperature of the measured fluid changes, its viscosity changes, and therefore the time of fluid inflow changes. To compensate for this error, it is proposed to change the pressure drop across the capillary 1. This is done by changing the setpoint value of the repeater with a shift of 7 using a thermometer 11 and 10. As the temperature increases, the output pressure of the thermometer increases, which means the pressure generated by the shift repeater 7 decreases, resulting in a decrease in the pressure drop across the throttle 1 and the restoration of the filling time

2. Thus, temperature compensation in the viscometer is realized. As the concentration changes, the dependence of viscosity also changes with temperature. To compensate for thermal compensation when the concentration changes between the thermometer output and the repeater input with a shift of 7, multiplication unit 12 is installed. The output of the multiplication unit is ka + kbT, the output signal of the unit 12 where ya + bT is the temperature dependence of the output signal of the thermometer; coefficients; temperature; coefficient depending on the concentration (c) of the test substance. To eliminate the shift by the value of k-a, a correction block is installed, which calculates the value of a (k-l). The adder 13 sums the signals of the thermometer and the correction unit 14. The output of the adder 13 (c) bT. Consequently, the output signal of the thermometer after conversion at the adder 13 depends on the temperature and concentration, which allows for correction with a change in concentration. The correction is carried out by connecting the output signal after the time of the measuring system 18 through the memory unit 21 to the input of the multiplication unit 12, which controls the magnitude of the multiplication factor. The correction frequency is regulated by the control block 19 Lenin, to the output of which the memory block 2I is connected. Claims of Invention A viscometer containing a test substance chamber with a replaceable capillary, a limit switch connected to the test substance flow time recording system through a capillary, made in the form of a measuring system time and a control unit connected to the relay, a pressure sensor, through a repeater and a relay connected to the chamber for the test substance, and a thermometer, characterized in that, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the output of the thermometer is connected to a multiplication unit whose output is Wired through an adder, the second input of which is connected to the correction unit connected to the thermometer, is connected to one of the repeater inputs with an offset, and the inputs of the multiplication unit and the corresponding correction unit input are connected to the output of the measuring system time through the power unit, the memory unit input is connected with control unit. Pcm l