SU1264891A1 - Installation for twisting-mincing tea leaf - Google Patents

Abstract

INSTALLATION FOR TURNING-CUTTING THE TEA LEAF, including a loading device sequentially installed in the course of the process the first and second rollers and sorting machine associated with them using conveyors, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity while improving the quality of the final product, it is equipped with a pair of rotor twisting machines, the first of which is installed before the first roller in the course of the technological process, and the second - respectively before the last In this case, the first roller is successively connected with the sorting machine and the second rotor twisting machine with & scraper conveyor with a hinged door, made above the sorting machine (L bus. O5 4 00 x

Description

The invention relates to the food industry and can be used in primary processing tea factories for processing fresh, fresh and fixed tea leaves.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity while improving the quality of the final product.

The drawing shows an installation and a schematic diagram for twisting-grinding the tea leaf.

The installation includes a loading device consisting of a dispenser-cleaner 1, a machine 2 of a pair of rotary twisting machines 2 and 3 installed successively over the loading part of the scraper conveyor 4, which connects the roller 2 with the first roller along the process. 5 continuous action for twisting the pre-ground tea leaf. The scooter 5 is sequentially connected via a screw-type unloading device b of the screw type and a scraper conveyor 7 with a hinged door 8 to a sorting machine 9 and a second rotor twisting machine 3. The door 8 is made above the sorting machine 9. The loading part of the conveyor 7 is located under the loading machine part of the roller 5. Under the scraper conveyor 7 there is a sorting machine 9, which serves to separate the smaller, better, but not fully processed fraction.

At the exit of the sorting machine 9, an additional roller 10 is installed with a discharge device 11 for re-twisting of the fine fraction. Under the discharge device 11 of the roller 10, a scraper conveyor 12 is installed to ferment the tea leaf while simultaneously transporting the mass and feeding it to the subsequent process. To feed the coarse fraction from the sorting machine 9 to the second rotor twisting machine 3, a scraper conveyor 13 is installed. Under the unloading part of the rotor twisting machine 3, a scraper conveyor 14 is installed to supply the ground mass to the last roller 15 with the unloading device 16. Under the unloading machine The device 16 of the roller 15 is equipped with a scraper conveyor 17 for feeding crushed tea leaves to the subsequent processes — fermentation and drying. The installation also contains a time relay (not shown).

The plant for curling the tea leaf pulverization works as follows. The tea leaf, intended for twisting-grinding, enters the dispenser wiper 1, where it is cleaned from impurities on the working surface (stones.

sand, etc.) and in a uniform flow is fed to the first rotor spinning machine 2. Here the tea leaf is subjected to grinding and grinding and selective grinding without crushing the coarse petioles. As a result of grinding and compressing the mass in the rotor twisting machine 2, an increase in the bulk mass of about 3-4 times is achieved. After that, the sheet is fed to the continuous-action roller 5 with a screw-type unloading device 6 using a scraper conveyor 4. As the roller 5 is filled and the level of the twisting mass increases to approximately the level A, a discharging device is turned on.

, 6 screw type automatically using a time relay and a certain amount of mass is discharged to approximately level B. Thus, the processes of filling and unloading roller 5 are alternately repeated. This mode of operation provides

This is an effective way to carry out the grinding twist cycle, since the preliminary grinding of the mass increases the capacity of the scooter by a factor of 3–4, as well as the periodic unloading of the scooter increases the stability of its work by continuously observing a certain level of the twisting mass.

The twisted-pulverized mass using the scraper conveyor 17 through the hinged door 8 spills onto the loading part of the sorting machine 9 and

0 sorted. The sifted fine fraction enters the roller 10 with a screw-type discharge device 11, in which the process is carried out in the same way as in roller 5. The twisted mass using a scraper conveyor 12, which also serves to complete the fermentation process, is fed to the next process - thing.

The coarse fraction obtained by sorting the mass on the sorting machine 9, with the help of a scraper conveyor 13 enters the second rotor twisting machine 3, where it is again subjected to grinding, compression and selective crushing, after which with the help of a scraper conveyor 14 it enters

5 a continuous roller 15 with a discharge device 16. The process of twisting and grinding the sheet mass in the roller 15 is carried out similarly to the process in roller 5. The twisted and crushed mass using a scraper conveyor 17 is fed to fermentation and fermented, and then fed to the next process - thing.

The twist grinding unit is a set of equipment

5 complete from a device located in a horizontal plane. The exit (unloading point) of some devices, for example, a rotor twisting

machine, is on the plane lower than the input (loading point) of the next device, for example a roller, during the process. Therefore, transporting means with a certain inclination is necessary for coupling operations.

The use of conveyor belts for this purpose is limited, as under conditions of a certain inclination of the conveyor, the tea mass slides down, which makes it difficult to load subsequent devices, and the scraper conveyors can be used to move the mass at the desired angle. In addition, when a sheet is conveyed by a belt conveyor, a certain part of the sheet adheres to the conveyor, thereby creating a hotbed for the development of microorganisms, and the scraper layer itself sweeps the surface of the conveyor. A scraper conveyor 6, made above the sorting machine 8, with the help of a hinged door 7 makes it possible to easily adapt the plant for the production of various types of tea. In addition, if the sorting machines are unstable and out of order, you can not stop the processing of the sheet and with the help of the door to close the slot of the conveyor. This increases the stability of the installation as a whole.

The presence of the dispenser-cleaner ensures the removal of impurities and, thereby, stable operation of the installation. Twisting-grinding the tea leaf is estimated by the number of cells destroyed by the degree of leaf processing. It is necessary that the curl weight reaches a value of the order of 200-450 kg, but as the bulk density of the sheet decreases due to an increase in the raw material content of coarse and rough. This fraction is reduced to 120–280 kg, which reduces the degree of sheet processing (Table 1).

The first rotor twisting machine, installed in front of the first roller, is designed for partial soft softening - chopping up a loose, fixed or fresh tea leaf without crushing coarse petioles. Due to the large heterogeneity of the raw materials in the machine, pressure does not develop, which ensures complete grinding of the entire mass, and only the more delicate parts of the flush are separated. This increases the bulk weight of the raw material by about 3-4 times, which is necessary for the normal carrying out of the twisting process in

the first roller for the full separation of the tender fraction, which requires separate processing to obtain high-quality products.

A large fraction goes to the second rotor-twisting machine, which is characterized by homogeneity. Such a homogeneous material accumulates in the working chamber of the machine and a pressure develops in it, contributing to a more complete grinding of the specified fraction.

These changes in the volume weight and the degree of sheet processing by the stages of processing are given in Table. one.

After passing the tea leaf through the first rotor twisting machine (after the first treatment), the number of destroyed cells reaches 35-40%, and the degree of crushing of the leaf mass and coarse stems is 4.0 and 4.9, respectively.

After passing a large fraction through the second rotary twisting (after the second treatment) machine, the number of destroyed cells reaches 85-90%. and the degree of grinding of the leaf mass and blunt stems is 14.9 and 11, respectively.

From this data it is clear that in the first

5 of the rotor twisting machine, it is the partial (preliminary) grinding and crushing of the raw material that takes place, and in the second - the full grinding of the large coalescence fraction of tea leaves.

From tab. 1 shows that the establishment

 a rotor twisting machine in front of a roller helps to increase the bulk density in the first stage of processing by 110–130 kg, and in the second stage, by 130– 190 kg. The increase in the yield of the small fraction by 11% compared with the known setup and the number of cells destroyed per

5% leads to an improvement in the quality indicators of the production of tea (Table 2).

Data on the quality characteristics of products produced on various

0 lines x are given in Table. 2

The yield of higher and nerve varieties increases by 9.4% as compared with the known installation, the average fair price of 1 kg of product increases by 0.12 rubles. and the weighted average is 0.04 points.

5 The proposed plant for twisting and grinding tea leaves in comparison with the known ones provides, along with an increase in productivity, an improvement in the quality of leaf processing and, thus, an improvement in the quality of the final product.

Table 1

Volume weight, kg / m

raw material before processing

after the first stadir processing

% 45

85

600 210 30

and 30

Indicators

The value of the indicators of tea produced on the line

Known 1

Output of the highest and first grades of cha,%

115

115

115

170 280-300

170

210 340-400

210 45 45

90

90-95

2000

1400

135

9537 59

49 70

table 2

Known 2

Offered

48.5

59.9 69.3

Average price of 1 kg of product, cha, rub

Weighted average production score

eight

Continued table. 2

4.03

4.00

4.15

3.01

3.05

2.98

Claims (1)

INSTALLATION FOR TURNING-GRINDING TEA SHEET, including a loading device sequentially installed during the technological process of the first and second rollers and a sorting machine associated with them using conveyors, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity while improving the quality of the final product, it is equipped a pair of rotor-twisting machines, the first of which is installed before the first roller during the technological process, and the second, respectively, before the last, p In this case, the first roller is connected in series with the sorting machine and the second rotor-twisting machine by means of a scraper conveyor with a hinged door made above the sorting machine.