SU1262391A1

SU1262391A1 - Electrical meter

Info

Publication number: SU1262391A1
Application number: SU843832583A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Валерий Александрович Богданов; Юрий Владимирович Копытов; Владимир Сергеевич Чистяков
Original assignee: Московский Ордена Ленина И Ордена Октябрьской Революции Энергетический Институт
Priority date: 1984-12-29
Filing date: 1984-12-29
Publication date: 1986-10-07

Description

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и может найти применение на промышленных предприятиях для расчетов за отпущенную предприятию электроэнергию и для контроля за соблюдением лимита потребляемой мощности .The invention relates to measuring equipment and may find application in industrial enterprises for settlements for electricity supplied to the enterprise and for monitoring compliance with the limit of power consumption.

Цель изобретения - снижение стоимости измерения электроэнергии, автоматизация и возможность контроля за соблюдением лимита потребляемой мощности.The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of measuring electricity, automation and the ability to monitor compliance with the limit of power consumption.

На чертеже представлена структурная схема предлагаемого устройства.The drawing shows a structural diagram of the proposed device.

Электросчетчик состоит из измерительного преобразователя 1 мощность частота, делителя 2 частоты, первого счетчика 3, первого коммутатора 4, второго 5 и третьего 6 счетчиков, второго коммутатора 7, четвертого 8 и шестого 9 счетчиков, кварцевого генератора 10, таймера 11, первого элемента 12 совпадений, дешифратора 13, реверсивного счетчика 14, триггера 15, второго элемента 16 совпадений и седьмого счетчика 17.The electric meter consists of a measuring transducer 1 power frequency, a frequency divider 2, a first counter 3, a first switch 4, a second 5 and a third 6 counters, a second switch 7, a fourth 8 and a sixth 9 counters, a crystal oscillator 10, a timer 11, the first element 12 matches , a decoder 13, a reverse counter 14, a trigger 15, a second match element 16, and a seventh counter 17.

При этом кварцевый генератор 10, преобразователь 1, делитель 2 и первый счетчик 3 соединены последовательно, выходы первого коммутатора 4 подсоединены к второму 5 и третьему 6 счетчикам, информационным входам второго коммутатора 7 и реверсивного счетчика 14, второй вход которого подсоединен к выходу первого элемента 12 совпадений, первый вход которого¹соединен с выходом таймера 11, а второй - с выходом дешифратора 13. Выход получасовых сигналов таймера 11 соединен с первым входом триггера 15, второй вход которого соединен с выходом обнуления счетчика 14, соединенного также с входом второго элемента 16 совпадений, выход которого подключен к входу седьмого счетчика.In this case, the crystal oscillator 10, converter 1, divider 2 and the first counter 3 are connected in series, the outputs of the first switch 4 are connected to the second 5 and third 6 counters, the information inputs of the second switch 7 and the reverse counter 14, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first element 12 matches, the first input of which ^{1 is} connected to the output of the timer 11, and the second to the output of the decoder 13. The output of half-hour signals of the timer 11 is connected to the first input of the trigger 15, the second input of which is connected to the output of the reset counter ka 14, also connected to the input of the second element 16 matches, the output of which is connected to the input of the seventh counter.

Первый и второй выходы второго коммутатора 7 соединены с четвертым и шестым счетчиками 8 и 9, а управляющий вход его - с выходом триггера 15.The first and second outputs of the second switch 7 are connected to the fourth and sixth counters 8 and 9, and its control input is connected to the output of the trigger 15.

Электросчетчик работает следующим образом.The electric meter works as follows.

На вход измерительного преобразователя 1 подключаются измерительные трансформаторы тока и напряжения, а с выхода поступают импульсные сигналы, каждый из которых соответствует определенному количеству электроэнергии, частота следования импульсов пропорциональна мощности, потребляемой контролируемым вводом (присоединением) . Эти импульсы поступают на вход делителя 2 частоты, который устанавливает частоту.импульсов, удобную для суммирования счетчиками. С выхода делителя 2 частоты импульсы, характеризующие количество энергии, поступают на счетчик 3 и на коммутатор 4« Счетчик 3 обеспечивает последовательный счет всех импульсов, поступающих от измерительного преобразователя 1 через делитель 2 частоты, т.е. подобно обычному, электросчетчику суммирует количество энергии, отпущенной потребителю через контролируемый ввод (присоединение) за расчетный период.Measuring current and voltage transformers are connected to the input of the measuring transducer 1, and pulse signals are supplied from the output, each of which corresponds to a certain amount of electricity, the pulse repetition rate is proportional to the power consumed by the controlled input (connection). These pulses are fed to the input of a frequency divider 2, which sets the frequency of pulses, convenient for summing with counters. From the output of the frequency divider 2, the pulses characterizing the amount of energy are supplied to the counter 3 and to the switch 4 "Counter 3 provides a sequential count of all pulses coming from the measuring transducer 1 through the frequency divider 2, i.e. Like a conventional meter, it sums up the amount of energy supplied to the consumer through a controlled input (connection) for the billing period.

Эти же импульсы от делителя 2 частоты поступают на информационный вход, коммутатора 4, который в зависимости от сигнала таймера 11 направляет их на один из счетчиков электроэнергии соответствующей зоны учета: счетчик первой зоны - 5, счетчик второй зоны - 6 или через коммутатор 7 на счетчики 8 и 9 электроэнергии, потребленной в третьей зоне учета. Импульсы, характеризующие время, поступают от кварцевого генератора 10 на преобразователь 1 и таймер 11.The same pulses from the frequency divider 2 are fed to the information input of the switch 4, which, depending on the signal of the timer 11, sends them to one of the electricity meters of the corresponding metering zone: the counter of the first zone - 5, the counter of the second zone - 6 or through the switch 7 to the counters 8 and 9 of electricity consumed in the third metering zone. The pulses characterizing the time come from the crystal oscillator 10 to the Converter 1 and the timer 11.

Многопрограммный циклический таййер 11 в моменты времени, соответствующего началу и концу каждой зоны учета, подает кодовые сигналы на управляющий вход коммутатора 4, который переключает информационный сигнал от делителя 2 частоты на счетчики электроэнергии соответствующей зоны учета. Одновременно с подачей на коммутатор 4 сигнала, соответствующего началу третьей (пиковой) зоны учета, таймер 11 подает сигнал на элемент ,12 совпадений, который переносит заданное значение количества электроэнергии в виде кодового сигнала с дешифратора 13 на реверсивный счетчик 14. На дешифраторе 13 вручную устанавливается заданное значение количества электроэнергии за 0,5 ч, соответствующее установленному лимиту мощности. В дальнейшем сигналы от таймера 11 подаются в элемент 12 совпадений каждые полчаса в течение третьей зоны учета. Таким образом, на реверсивном счетчике 14 каждые полчаса устанавливается в диде определенного кода максимально допустимое, значение электро энергии, которое может быть потреблено предприятием в течение 0,5 ч при установленном лимите мощности.The multi-program cyclic timer 11 at time points corresponding to the beginning and end of each metering zone supplies code signals to the control input of the switch 4, which switches the information signal from the frequency divider 2 to the electricity meters of the corresponding metering zone. Simultaneously with applying to the switch 4 a signal corresponding to the beginning of the third (peak) metering zone, the timer 11 sends a signal to the element 12 matches, which transfers the set value of the amount of electricity in the form of a code signal from the decoder 13 to the reversible counter 14. The decoder 13 is manually set the set value of the amount of electricity for 0.5 h, corresponding to the set power limit. Subsequently, the signals from the timer 11 are supplied to the coincidence element 12 every half hour during the third metering zone. Thus, on the reverse counter 14, every half hour, the maximum allowable value of the electric energy, which can be consumed by the enterprise for 0.5 hours with a set power limit, is set in the Dido of a certain code.

При наступлении третьей зоны учета через коммутатор 4 на коммутатор 7 и 5 на вычитающий вход реверсивного счетчика 14 начинают поступать импульсы от делителя 2 частоты, характеризующие количество энергии. По мере поступления этих импульсов на вычитающий 10 вход реверсивного счетчика 14 его содержимое начинает уменьшаться. Если потребляемая предприятием мощность больше установленного лимита, то обнуление реверсивного счетчика проис- (5 ходит до окончания получасового цикла измерений. При этом на триггер 15 поступает импульс, в соответствии с которым от триггера 15 поступает кодовый сигнал на коммутатор 7, переклю- 20 чающий сигнал от делителя 2 частоты на счетчик 9, который учитывает количество электроэнергии, потребленной в третьей зоне учета сверх установленного лимита мощности. 25When the third metering zone comes through switch 4 to switch 7 and 5, the pulses from the frequency divider 2, characterizing the amount of energy, begin to arrive at the subtracting input of the reversible counter 14. As these pulses arrive at the subtracting input 10 of the reverse counter 14, its contents begin to decrease. If the power consumed by the enterprise is greater than the set limit, then the reverse counter is reset (5 goes to the end of the half-hour measurement cycle. In this case, a pulse is sent to trigger 15, according to which a code signal is sent from trigger 15 to switch 7, switching the signal 20 from a frequency divider 2 to a meter 9, which takes into account the amount of electricity consumed in the third metering zone in excess of the set power limit.

На другой вход триггера 15 в начале третьей зоны учета и далее каждые полчаса поступают импульсы от таймера 11. При поступлении этих импульсов триггер подает кодовый сигнал на 30 коммутатор 7, который переключает сигнал от делителя 2 частоты на счетчик 8, учитывающий количество электроэнергии, потребленной в третьей зоне учета без превышения установленного лимита мощности.To another input of trigger 15 at the beginning of the third metering zone and then every half hour pulses from timer 11 are received. When these pulses arrive, the trigger sends a code signal to switch 30 7, which switches the signal from frequency divider 2 to meter 8, taking into account the amount of electricity consumed in third metering zone without exceeding the established capacity limit.

Таким образом, каждые полчаса в течение третьей зоны учета импульсы от таймера 11 приводят все блоки, осуществляющие контроль за соблюдени- ,θ ем установленного лимита мощности, счетчик 14, триггер 15, коммутатор 7 в начальное положение.Thus, every half hour during the third metering zone, pulses from the timer 11 bring all the blocks that monitor compliance with, θ, the set power limit, counter 14, trigger 15, switch 7 to the initial position.

При обнулении реверсивного счетчика 1 4 с него подается кодовый сигнал на элемент 16 совпадений, который посылает импульс на счетчик 17, осуществляющий счет этих импульсов, число которых соответствует числу случаев превышения предприятием установленно-₅₀го лимита мощности.When the reversible counter 1 4 is reset, a code signal is supplied from it to the coincidence element 16, which sends a pulse to the counter 17, which counts these pulses, the number of which corresponds to the number of cases when the enterprise exceeds the established ₅₀ power limit.

Предлагаемый электросчетчик по сравнению с известным, кроме учета всего количества отпущенной электроэнергии, производит учет количества отпущенной электроэнергии в различные зоны суток при действии различных тарифов. Производится учет каждого слу чая превышения потребителем установленного лимита мощности и количества электроэнергии, отпущенной потребителю сверх установленного лимита мощности. Учет количества энергии, отпущенной в различные зоны суток, в пределах лимита и сверх установленного лимита мощности, а также количества случаев превышения лимита мощности производится автоматически. При этом определение всех перечисленных показателей осуществляется так же удобно, как и в известном устройстве. Применение в предлагаемом устройстве интегральных микросхем позволяет снизить стоимость и повысить надежность электросчетчика в целом. Снижается стоимость учета электроэнергии в различные временные интервалы и сверхлимитного потребления мощности, что позволит использовать изобретение на небольших предприятиях с одним выводом.The proposed electricity meter, in comparison with the known one, in addition to accounting for the total amount of electricity supplied, takes into account the amount of electricity supplied to various zones of the day under various tariffs. Each case is taken into account when the consumer exceeds the established capacity limit and the amount of electricity supplied to the consumer in excess of the established capacity limit. The amount of energy released to different zones of the day is taken into account within the limit and in excess of the established power limit, as well as the number of cases when the power limit is exceeded. In this case, the determination of all these indicators is carried out as conveniently as in the known device. The use of integrated circuits in the proposed device can reduce the cost and increase the reliability of the electric meter as a whole. The cost of electricity metering at various time intervals and over-limit power consumption is reduced, which will allow the invention to be used in small enterprises with one conclusion.

Claims

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used in industrial: enterprises for calculating the electric power supplied to the enterprise and for monitoring the observance of the power consumption limit. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of measuring electricity, automating and the ability to monitor compliance with the limit of power consumption. The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device. The meter consists of measuring transducer 1 power frequency, splitter 2 frequency, first counter 3, first switch 4, second 5 and third 6 counters, 5THE switch 7, fourth 8 and sixth 9 counters, quartz generator 10, timer 11, first element 12 matches, a decoder 13, a reversible counter 14, a trigger 15, a second element 16 of a coincidence, and a seventh counter 17; In this case, a crystal oscillator 10, a converter 1, a divider 2, and a first counter 3 are connected in series, the outputs of the first switch 4 are connected Inen to the second 5 and third 6 counters, information inputs of the second switch 7 and reversible counter 14, the second input of which is Connected to the output of the first element 12 matches, the first input of which is connected to the output of timer 11, and the second to the output of the decoder 13. Out The half-hour signals of timer 11 are connected to the first input of the trigger 15, the second input of which is connected to the zeroing output of the counter 14, also connected to the input of the second coincidence element 16, the output of which is connected to the input of the seventh counter. The first and second outputs of the second switch 7 are connected to the fourth and sixth counters 8 and 9, and its control input is connected to the trigger output 15. The electric meter works as follows. The input current transformers and voltage transformers are connected to the input of the measuring transducer 1, and the output receives pulse signals, each of which corresponds to a certain amount of electricity, the pulse frequency is proportional to the power consumed by a controlled input (connection). These pulses arrive at the 2-frequency divider stroke, which states the frequency of the pulses, convenient for summing by counters. From the splitter 2 frequency output, pulses that measure the amount of energy are delivered to counter 3 and to switch 4. Counter 3 provides a sequential count of all pulses coming from measuring transducer 1 through a divider 2 frequencies, i.e. like an ordinary electric meter, it adds up the amount of energy released to the consumer through controlled input (connection) for the billing period. The same pulses from the divider 2 frequency are sent to the information input of the switch 4, which, depending on the signal from timer 11, sends them to one of the electricity meters of the corresponding metering zone, the first zone counter is 5, the second zone counter is 6 or through the switch 7 to counters 8 and 9 electricity consumed in the third metering zone. The pulses characterizing the time come from the .quartz generator 10 to the converter 1 and timer 11. The multi-program cyclic tayer 11 at times, corresponding to the beginning and end of each metering zone, sends the code signals to the control input of the switch 4, which switches the information signal from the splitter 2 frequencies for electricity meters of the corresponding zone. Simultaneously with the supply to the switch 4 of the signal corresponding to the beginning of the third (peak) metering zone, timer 11 sends a signal to the coincidence element .12, which transfers the specified value of the amount of electricity as a code signal from the decoder 13 to the reversible counter 14. On the decoder 13 is manually set the specified value of the amount of electricity for 0.5 h, corresponding to the established power limit. Subsequently, signals from timer 11 are supplied to coincidence element 12 every half hour during the third zone yieTa. Thus, on the reversible counter 14 every half hour the maximum permissible value of electric power is set in the eide of a certain code, which can be consumed by the company for 0.5 hours at the set power limit. Upon the occurrence of the third metering, through the switch 4, the switch 7 and the subtracting input of the reversing counter 14 begin to receive pulses from the divider 2 frequency, which characterize the amount of energy. As these pulses arrive at the subtracting input of the reversible counter 14, its content begins to decrease. If the power consumed by the enterprise is greater than the established limit, then the resetting of the reversible counter occurs before the end of the half-hour measurement cycle. At the same time, the trigger 15 receives a pulse, in accordance with which from the trigger 15, a code signal is sent to the switch 7, which switches the signal from frequency divider 2 to counter 9, which takes into account the amount of electricity consumed in the third metering zone over the established power limit another trigger input 15 at the beginning of the third metering zone and then every half hour pulses come from timer 11. When these pulses arrive, the trigger sends a code signal to switch 7, which switches the signal from frequency divider 2 to counters to 8, taking into account the amount of electricity consumed in the third metering zone without exceeding the established power limit. Thus, every half hour during the third metering zone, the pulses from timer 11 drive all the blocks. monitoring the compliance with the established power limit, counter 14, trigger 15, switch 7 to the initial position. When the reversing counter 14 is zeroed, a code signal is sent to the coincidence element 16, which sends a pulse to the counter 17, which counts these pulses, the number of which corresponds to the number of cases when the enterprise exceeded the set power limit. The proposed electric meter, in comparison with the known, besides accounting for the total amount of electricity supplied, records the amount of electricity supplied to various zones of the day when different tariffs are in effect. A record is taken of each case when the consumer exceeds the set power limit and the amount of electricity supplied to the consumer over the set power limit. Accounting for the amount of energy released in various zones of the day, within the limit and above the set power limit, as well as the number of cases in which the power limit is exceeded, is automatically performed. In this case, the determination of all the listed indicators is carried out as conveniently as in the known device. The application of integrated circuits in the proposed device makes it possible to reduce the cost and increase the reliability of the meter as a whole. The cost of metering electricity at different time intervals and over-limit power consumption is reduced, which will allow the invention to be used in small enterprises with one conclusion. An electric meter comprising a series-connected power to frequency transducer whose input is the power meter input, a frequency divider and a counter, and a timer whose output is connected to the counter input and a crystal oscillator connected to the input of the power to frequency converter differing the fact that, in order to reduce the cost of measuring electricity, automation and the ability to control compliance with the limit of power consumption, it is equipped with five two switches, a decoder, two coincidence elements, a trigger and a reversible counter, the control input of the first switch connected to the timer output, its information input connected to the output of the frequency divider, the first output of the first switch connected to the second counter, the second output to the third the counter, the third output is connected to the information inputs of the second switch and the reversible counter, the first output of the second switch is connected to the fourth counter, the second one is connected to the fifth counter, and the controller the stroke is connected to the trigger output, one of the inputs of which is connected to the zero output of the reversible counter, and

5 12623916

another input - with the output of a half-hour counter; the input of the second element of the timer timer signal, which is connected to the zero outputs also with the first input of the first element-reversing counter, and the output to the coincidence pole, the second input to the pulse counter, is connected to the decoder output, and you -5 crystal oscillator is also connected to the stroke - with the second input of the reversing input of the timer.