SU1260638A1 - Burner - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of fuel combustion and can be used in thermal power plants.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the process of burning fuel with the minimum formation of harmful substances.

In Fig.1 schematically shows a furnace, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - view B in figure 1; figure 4 is a section bb In figure 1; figure 5 - node I in figure 1.

The furnace contains a vertical prismatic combustion chamber 1, along with the recessively located burners 2 and rectangular confusion air nozzles 3 placed above the upper light-emitting burners. The burners 2 and nozzles 3 are connected to a common air duct 4 and are equipped with water nozzles 5 and 6, respectively. Burners 2 have peripheral channels 7 and 8 for introducing recirculation gases. Water nozzles 5 and 6 are installed with the possibility of longitudinal movement and are additionally connected by pipe 9 to a steam source. The nozzles 5 are made as a set of nozzles 10 and 11. The burners 2 are equipped with a gas-emitting unit 12 with nozzles 13. The central channel 14 of the burners 2 is connected to the duct 4. The air nozzles 3 are equipped with rotary vane 15, consisting of two parts 16 and IT, mounted on a common axis 18 with the formation of a slit 19 between them for installing a water nozzle 6 therein. The atomizer 20 of the nozzle 6 has oppositely spaced slots 21. The nozzles 3 are connected to the air duct 22.

If necessary, air can be supplied to the central channel 14 of the burners 2 by wiring. The gas is supplied to the furnace through the gas-emitting unit 12 with nozzles 13, and the air through the supply boxes with the help of a fan. The work of the furnace.

Air from the fan flows through the air ducts into the common duct 4, from where it enters the flow part of the burners 2. Through the gas-emitting unit 12 with the nozzles 13, gas enters the air, where a fuel-air mixture is formed, which burns out at the exit of the burners 2 and forms a flame. At the same time, in order to reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides and benzo (a) pyrene, part of the air from common ducts 4 through duct 22 enters nozzles 3 and, the passage through rotary gates 15, deviating from the horizontal axis, is fed to the upper part of the combustion chamber 1, where the afterburning of the products of incomplete combustion resulting from the two-stage combustion is realized. Smoke recirculating gases are introduced into the peripheral channels 7 and 8 of the burners 2 and fed to the flare along the periphery. The supply of recirculating flue gases around the periphery of the torch reduces the temperature of the torch, as well as the concentration of nitrogen oxides.

To optimize the fuel combustion process, the gate 15 is made rotary and, depending on the type of fuel burned and the load, is able to adjust the inlet position of the secondary air in height and thereby achieve a more efficient fuel combustion with a minimum emission of harmful substances. With the same purpose, water is introduced into the nozzles 3 through water nozzles 6, which allows reducing the concentration of benzo (a) pyrene and chemical underburning by a factor of 2-3. At the same time, for better combustion of the fuel in the burners 2, steam is supplied through the central channels 14 through the nozzles 5, which improves the process of fuel burnout in the root part of the flare and thus allows to achieve

5 more efficient fuel combustion with minimal formation of nitrogen oxides and benzo (a) pyrene. The implementation of nozzles 5 with a set of nozzles 10-11 with the possibility of longitudinal movement and adjustment of the position in the channel 14 of the burners 2 allows

0, due to the energy of the expired steam-water jet and the intensive burning chemical reaction produced in this process, to increase the efficiency of fuel combustion. This also contributes to the optimization of the ratio of steam and water in the feed stream.

5 Depending on the load and the type of fuel burned, the nozzles 5 can be removed from the central channels of the 14 burners 2. The same operation is necessary for the operational inspection of the state of the nozzles 10 and II

Q and their replacements. The water is sprayed by the water nozzle 6 through the opposite slot 21. The spray is carried out at a right angle to the air flow ejected from the nozzle 3 and is oriented in the direction of the larger side of the nozzle 3. The combustion process is a combined method of suppressing harmful emissions involving flue gas recirculation, secondary air, steam and water.

Smoke pei4L / pf t / y cJpyff iUue

-Ff f- | 3f

FIG. 2

G5

fie.Z

VidB

 18 17

75

Compiled by V. Kruglovsky

Editor M. BanduraTechred I. VeresKorrektor M. Sharoshi

Order 5211/34 Draw 514 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Branch PPP "Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

FIG. five

Claims (1)

A TOPKA containing a vertical prismatic combustion chamber, tiered burners and rectangular air nozzles located above the upper tier of the burners, the burners and nozzles being connected to their air ducts and equipped with water nozzles, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process of burning fuel with minimal formation of harmful substances, each burner additionally has peripheral channels for introducing recirculation gases, water nozzles installed inside the burners are additionally connected to the source steam and have the possibility of longitudinal movement, and the air nozzles are made confuser and are equipped with rotary gates, consisting of two parts, mounted on a common axis with the formation of a gap between them for installing a water nozzle in it. SU. „, 1260638