RU2635947C2 - Boiler and method of its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: boiler contains a vertical prismatic furnace for combined flare combustion of solid fuel dust and prepared on its basis and sprayed by nozzles the coal-water suspension with a vertical axis in the center, fencing by the front, rear and side walls, overhead and hearth ceilings, screening the walls and ceilings by pipes with circulating steam-water environment, the burners placed on the walls along the overhead ceiling, at least in one horizontal row, having a vertically slotted convergent nozzles for the separate discharge of the air flow along the walls and fuel dust-coal flows along the vertical axis of the furnace and the nozzles for spraying and discharge of the fuel sprayed water-coal suspension flows also along the vertical furnace axis, by mounted on the walls in several horizontal rows of additional nozzles with two channels for discharge into the furnace along the fencing walls and the vertical furnace axis, of cooling flare the gaseous flows of combustion products and fuel burning up and protecting against the slag contamination additional air flows, window in the hearth ceiling for output of generated pieces of slag and separating large ash-fuel particles, adjacent to the hearth ceiling by window in the rear wall to discharge of ash-gas products, as well as a horizontal gas duct with fencing the side and rear walls, overhead and hearth ceilings, serially installed pipe bundles of superheater, economizer and beam channels vertical ash-separating traps placed in a staggered order in several rows, the window for entering ash-gas flow, combined with discharge ash-gas flow furnace window, windows in the hearth ceiling to remove ash from the pipe bundles and traps, the window in the rear wall, adjacent to the overhead ceiling for the gas flow discharge, purified from the ash to the air duct with air heater, chimney and discharge into the atmosphere, connected to the additional nozzles and the horizontal gas duct, pumping the cooled combustion products into the gas duct with fan. The channels of additional nozzles are equipped with a vertically slotted convergent nozzles, additional nozzles of the upper row are mounted on the walls of the furnace between its ceilings and the burners, other additional nozzles are placed on the walls between the burners and hearth overlap of the furnace, at the protecting side walls adjacent the ceiling of the horizontal gas duct between its traps and the exit window there installed additional windows, connected to the pumping the cooled combustion gas products to the additional nozzles to gas duct with a fan.

EFFECT: reduction of big fuel particles underburning, concentration of nitrogen oxides and ash in the combustion gas products discharged from the boiler.

2 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy and can be used in technologies for burning solid fuel in the form of coal dust and water-based slurry prepared on its basis and sawn by nozzles to heat water and produce steam in boilers of thermal power plants and industrial enterprises.

A known boiler containing a prismatic vertical firebox for flaring solid fuel dust with enclosing front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and ceilings with pipes with circulating steam and water medium, burners for introducing reagent fuel and air flows placed on the walls of the firebox along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles adjacent to the ceiling of the window a rear wall for venting zologovogo products of combustion, as well as a horizontal gas duct with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, steam superheater pipes connected to the output window of the furnace by a gas supply flow for heating the pipes of the superheater, a hearth window for outputting the zologaz gas flow, and a down gas duct with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes, an inlet ceiling window connected to an outlet hearth window of a horizontal gas duct and a zolog outlet window gas flow to ash installations, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere (M.A. Styrikovich, K.Ya. Katkovskaya, E.P. Serov Steam generators of power plants. M. - L .: Energy, 1966. - p. 117-118, fig. 8.4, 8.5).

A known method of operation of the boiler with the above device, carried out by feeding into the furnace with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding their pipes, a window in the hearth and adjacent to the ceiling of the window in the rear wall through the wall burners along the hearth reagent flows of coal dust and air, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, conclusion rudimentary separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-removing channel, evacuation of gas products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with steam overheating pipes, a downcomer duct with economizing and air-heating pipes, a smoke exhaust pipe to the atmosphere with successive heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, the pipes are superheated A horizontal flue pipe economizer and air heater in the flue standpipe, tempering heated water and generated steam consumer (MA Styrikovich, K.Ya. Katkovskaya, E.P. Serov Steam generators of power plants. M. - L .: Energy, 1966. - p. 117-118, fig. 8.4, 8.5).

The combustion of fuel in the boiler described above according to the described method takes place in a multicomponent flare filling the in-furnace space and consisting of coal particles heated and oxidized with the release of heat, streams of an air oxidizing agent and streams of formed zologase combustion products. Unadapted multicomponent bonds in the flare, high saturation of gaseous products of combustion with ash lead to serious shortcomings: active, degrading heat transfer, slag contamination of the screen tubes in the furnace, significant under-burning of large fuel particles separating from the flare in the direction of the hearth and discharged through the hearth window into the slag-exhaust channel with pieces of slag formed in the furnace, strong thermal irradiation by the torch of the burners and their subsequent destruction, thermal destruction of the pipes atelier washed by zologovye combustion products at high temperature, as well as the destruction of the air heater due to active ash wear of its pipes; In addition, the concentration of nitrogen oxides harmful to human health and the environment is high, which are formed during fuel combustion in the furnace and released to the atmosphere with gaseous products of combustion.

A boiler is also known that contains a vertical prismatic firebox for flaring solid fuel dust and a water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sprayed with nozzles with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and ceilings with pipes with circulating steam and water medium, burners for input reagent fuel and air streams placed on the walls of the furnace along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting slag separating large gold-fuel particles adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall with a window for removing zologous combustion products, as well as a horizontal gas duct with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, superheater pipes, a zologase flow feed window for heating the superheater pipes, a hearth a window for outputting the zologovogo flow, and a down gas duct with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes, an entrance ceiling window, connected to the output hearth of the horizontal gas duct and a window for diverting the zologovogo flow to the ash installations, the chimney and the discharge into the atmosphere. A feature of the boiler is the presence of exhaust air nozzles placed on one of the walls of the furnace above the burners. With the redistribution of air between the burners and nozzles, the yield of nitrogen oxides is partially reduced (Prospects, the main research results and problems of using water-coal suspensions in the energy sector / AM Khidiyatov, V.V. Osintsev, L.I. Dubovtsev et al. // Electric stations. - 1988 . - No. 9. - S. 2-12).

A known method of operation of the boiler with the above device, carried out by feeding into the furnace with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding their pipes, a window in the hearth and adjacent to the ceiling of the window in the rear wall through the wall burners along the hearth reagent air and fuel flows in the form of coal dust and water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sprayed by nozzles, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with exothermic oxidized effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, the withdrawal of large separating gold fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-exhaust channel, evacuation of zologovye products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with a superheater and an overheater pipe, air heating pipes, ash installations, chimney and to the atmosphere with sequential discharge whose heat is circulating the steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, superheater pipes in the horizontal duct, economizer and air heater pipes in the downcomer, the release of heated water and the generated steam to the consumer. An additional introduction of air flows through the nozzles above the burners and a decrease in the air flow directed to the burners results in a slight decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the gaseous products of combustion exhausted from the furnace and boiler (Perspectives, main research results, and problems of using water-coal suspensions in the energy sector / AM Khidiyatov, V .V. Osintsev, L.I. Dubovtsev and others // Electric stations. - 1988. - No. 9. - S. 2-12).

The boiler and its operation method retain structural and operational defects caused by the unsatisfactory structure of the furnace plume and the saturation of gaseous products of combustion with ash: active slagging of the furnace, significant underburning of large fuel particles, low reliability of burners, superheater and air heater.

Also known is a boiler containing a prismatic vertical firebox for flaring solid fuel dust with front, rear and side walls, ceilings and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and ceilings with pipes with circulating steam and water, burners for reagent fuel and air flows placed on the walls firebox along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles adjacent to the ceiling a window in the rear wall for the discharge of zologas combustion products, as well as a horizontal gas duct with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, steam superheater pipes connected to the furnace output window by a gas supply flow window for heating the superheater pipes, a hearth window for output of the zologaz gas flow, and a down gas duct with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes, an inlet ceiling window connected to an outlet hearth window of a horizontal gas duct and an outlet window gas flow to ash installations, chimney and discharge into the atmosphere. The boiler’s peculiarity is the presence of additional, multi-channel nozzles placed on the furnace walls for entering the afterburning and protecting pipe screens from air slagging (USSR author's certificate No. 1059344, IPC F23C 7/02 of 10.27.82; B.I. No. 45 of 07.12 .83 g.).

A known method of operation of the boiler with the above device, carried out by feeding into the furnace with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding their pipes, a window in the hearth and adjacent to the ceiling of the window in the rear wall through the wall burners along the hearth reagent flows of coal dust and air, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, conclusion rudimentary separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-removing channel, evacuation of gas products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with steam overheating pipes, a downcomer duct with economizing and air-heating pipes, a smoke exhaust pipe to the atmosphere with successive heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, the pipes are superheated A horizontal flue pipe economizer and air heater in the flue standpipe, dispensing heated water and generated steam to a user. In addition, afterburning and protecting the tube screens from slagging air is introduced through nozzles additionally mounted on the furnace walls. By redistributing the air flow through the burners and nozzles, they achieve a decrease in the activity of slag contamination of the screen tubes and improve heat transfer between the torch and the working steam-water medium circulating through the pipes, as well as reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products removed from the furnace and boiler (USSR copyright certificate No. 1059344, IPC F23C 7/02 of 10.27.82; B.I. No. 45 of 12/07/83).

However, the boiler and the method of its operation have previous drawbacks associated with the structural maladaptation of the furnace plume and exhaust products of combustion: a significant underburning of large fuel particles separating from the plume in the direction of the hearth and discharged through the hearth into the slag-removing channel, together with pieces of slag formed in the furnace, is low reliability of torch-irradiated torches, superheater tubes washed by zologase combustion products at high temperature, as well as an air heater due to active ash wear of his pipes. Additionally introduced air flows protect a small area of walls with screen tubes around nozzles from pollution; to organize effective protection against pollution, a large number of individual nozzles are required.

Also known is a boiler containing a prismatic vertical firebox for flaring solid fuel dust with front, rear and side walls, ceilings and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and ceilings with pipes with circulating steam and water, burners for reagent fuel and air flows placed on the walls firebox along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles adjacent to the ceiling a window in the rear wall for the discharge of zologas combustion products, as well as a horizontal gas duct with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, steam superheater pipes connected to the furnace output window by a gas supply flow window for heating the superheater pipes, a hearth window for output of the zologaz gas flow, and a down gas duct with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes, an inlet ceiling window connected to an outlet hearth window of a horizontal gas duct and an outlet window gas flow to ash installations, chimney and discharge into the atmosphere. The boiler has multichannel nozzles additionally placed on the walls above the burners in several horizontal rows for introducing recirculation flue gases into the combustion chamber of the cooling torch, as well as a bypass duct with a fan connected to nozzles and a lowering gas duct (USSR author's certificate No. 937877, IPC F23С 9/08 of 21.05 .80 g .; B.I. No. 23 of 06.23.82 g.).

A known method of operation of the boiler with the above device, carried out by feeding into the furnace with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding their pipes, a window in the hearth and adjacent to the ceiling of the window in the rear wall through the wall burners along the hearth reagent flows of coal dust and air, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, conclusion rudimentary separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-removing channel, evacuation of gas products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with steam overheating pipes, a downcomer duct with economizing and air-heating pipes, a smoke exhaust pipe to the atmosphere with successive heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, the pipes are superheated A horizontal flue pipe economizer and air heater in the flue standpipe, dispensing heated water and generated steam to a user. A feature of the method is the organization of additional input into the active region of the combustion torch above the burners of chilled flue gases taken from the downcomer duct, pumped through the bypass duct using a fan and introduced into the furnace through special multi-channel nozzles mounted on the walls in several horizontal rows. This achieves a decrease in the temperature level of the torch leaving the furnace, and a higher degree of reliability of the superheater pipes is ensured (USSR author's certificate No. 937877, IPC F23C 9/08 of 05/21/80; B.I. No. 23 of 06/23/82).

The boiler and the way it works retain a number of characteristic drawbacks arising from the structural maladaptation of the furnace plume and combustion products: slag contamination of the screen tubes, increased concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust products of combustion, a significant underburn of large fuel particles, and a low degree of reliability of the torch and air heater irradiated by the torch for the active wear of his pipes.

Also known is a boiler containing a prismatic vertical firebox for flaring solid fuel dust and prepared on its basis and sprayed with a nozzle of a water-coal suspension with a vertical axis in the center enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and overlapping pipes with circulating steam-water medium, burners for introducing reagent fuel and air flows, placed on the walls of the furnace along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor for the output of the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles adjacent to the ceiling of the window in the rear wall for the discharge of zologovogo products of combustion, as well as a horizontal flue with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, steam superheater pipes connected to the exit window of the furnace with a window for supplying the zologovogo flow for heating steam superheater pipes, a hearth window for discharging zologovogo flow, and a lowering gas duct with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes , Skylight input connected to the output of the horizontal gas flue hearth window and a window for discharging a flow zologazovogo zoloulovitelnym installations chimney and discharged into the atmosphere. A feature of the boiler is to equip the burners with nozzle nozzles with horizontal axes for separate tangentially direct-flow output of reagent flows into the furnace with the orientation of the axes of the air nozzles along the walls and the axes of the fuel nozzles along the vertical axis of the furnace (Transfer boiler BK3-160 to the technology of step-by-step fuel combustion / V. V. Osintsev, A.K. Dzhundubaev, V.Ya. Gigin and others // Electric stations. - 1993. - No. 3. - S. 25-29).

A known method of operation of this boiler is carried out by feeding into the furnace with a vertical axis in the center, front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding them with pipes, a window in the hearth and a window in the rear wall adjacent to the ceiling through the wall burners along the hearth shutting off reagent flows of air and fuel in the form of coal dust and water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sprayed by nozzles, organizing flare processes of ignition and combustion with exothermic by the oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologase products, the removal of large separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-exhaust channel, evacuation of zologovye products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with a superheater pipe and an economizer pipe air heating pipes, ash installations, a chimney into the atmosphere with sequential discharge whose steam heat medium circulating through the furnace tubes in the firebox, superheater tubes in the horizontal flue pipe economizer and air heater in the flue standpipe, dispensing heated water and generated steam to a user. A feature of the method is a separate direct-flow-tangential output from the burners of air and fuel flows, the first along the enclosing walls, the second along the vertical axis of the furnace (Transfer of the BK3-160 boiler to the technology of step-by-step fuel combustion / V.V. Osintsev, A. K. Dzhundubaev, V.Ya. Gigin and others // Electric stations. - 1993. - No. 3. - S. 25-29).

Separate withdrawal of reagent streams from the burners to the furnace reduces the concentration of nitrogen oxides harmful to human health and the environment, air flows along the walls reduce the slagging activity of the shielding pipes, improve the heat exchange of the torch with the steam-water medium circulating in the pipes with more complete absorption of the last falling from the side the torch of heat flows and lowering the temperature leaving the furnace through the exit window of the zologaz flows; the latter increases the reliability of the superheater. However, the boiler device and the method of its operation retain characteristic disadvantages: increased underburning of large fuel particles, a low degree of reliability of the burner assemblies, air heater pipes.

Also known is a boiler containing a prismatic vertical firebox for flaring solid fuel dust with a vertical axis in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and floors with pipes with circulating steam and water medium, burners for introducing reactant fuel and air flows placed on the walls of the furnace along the hearth floor, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles, adjacent m to the ceiling in the window in the rear wall for the discharge of zologovogo products of combustion, as well as a horizontal gas duct with enclosing walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, superheater pipes, connected to the output window of the furnace with a gas supply flow window for heating the superheater pipes, a hearth window for output of the zologaz gas flow , and a lowering flue with enclosing walls, economizer and air heating pipes, an inlet ceiling window connected to an outlet hearth window of a horizontal gas duct and a window for diverting zologovogo flow to ash installations, chimney and discharge into the atmosphere. The burners of the boiler are also equipped with nozzle nozzles with horizontal axes for separate tangentially direct-flow output of reagents into the furnace with the orientation of the axes of the air nozzles along the walls and the axes of the fuel nozzles along the vertical axis of the furnace. In this case, the nozzles of the fuel and air nozzles are in the form of vertically slotted confusers that protect the nozzle structures from the penetration of radiant heat fluxes from the torch into the internal cavities of the nozzles and supply reagent channels (RF patent No. 2228491; F23D 17/00 from 04/15/2003 ; published in BI No. 13 05/10/2004).

A known method of operation of this boiler is carried out by feeding into the furnace with a vertical axis in the center, front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding them with pipes, a window in the hearth and a window in the rear wall adjacent to the ceiling through the wall burners along the hearth overlapping reagent flows of coal dust and air, organizing flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, output rudimentary separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into a slag-removing channel, evacuation of gas products through a window adjacent to the ceiling in the rear wall of the furnace, sequentially into a horizontal gas duct with steam overheating pipes, a downcomer duct with economizer and air-heating pipes, a smoke exhaust pipe atmosphere with successive heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, steam superheater pipes I am in a horizontal gas duct, economizer and air heater pipes in the down gas duct, the release of heated water and the generated steam to the consumer. During the operation of the boiler, a separate confuser direct-flow tangential entry into the furnace of air flows along the walls and fuel flows along the vertical axis of the furnace is implemented, which, along with a decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides and the activity of pollution of the screen tubes by slag, improves heat transfer, decreases the temperature of the combustion products leaving the furnace, and increases the reliability of the superheater, also the effect of increasing the reliability of the burner elements (RF patent No. 2228491; F23D 17/00 of 04/15/2003; published in BI No. 13 05/10/2004).

The boiler and the way it works retain common disadvantages: increased underburning of large fuel particles and low reliability of the air heater due to significant ash wear of its pipes.

A boiler is also known that contains a vertical prismatic firebox for flaring solid fuel dust and a water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sawn by nozzles with enclosing front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and floors with pipes with circulating steam and water medium, burners, placed on the walls along the ceiling, a window in the hearth to remove the resulting slag and separating large gold-fuel particles, adjoin them to the hearth floor with a window in the rear wall for the discharge of zologovye products, as well as an upward gas duct with enclosing walls, a side window connected to the outlet window of the furnace, steam superheater, economizer and air heating pipes, a ceiling window for diverting the zologazovy stream to ash collecting installations, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere (USSR copyright certificate No. 1366785, IPC F23C 1/10 dated 04/07/86; B.I. No. 2 dated 01/15/08).

There is also a known method of operation of the above boiler by feeding into the furnace with front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding their pipes, a window in the hearth and adjacent to the hearth ceiling window in the rear wall through wall burners along the ceiling of the reagent flows of air and fuel in the form of coal dust and water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sprayed by nozzles, organization of flare ignition and combustion processes with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect ohm and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, the withdrawal of large separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-removing channel, evacuation of zologovye products through a window adjacent to the hearth floor in the rear wall of the furnace, to an upstream flue, ash collectors, chimney and atmosphere with successive heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, pipes of the superheater, economizer, air heater in coming down flue tempering the heated water and generated steam consumer (Inventor's Certificate USSR №1366785, IPC F23S 1/10 of 07.04.86 g .; B.I. No. 2 dated 01/15/88).

With an increase in the distance between the burners and the hearth, the residence time of large fuel particles in the flare increases, providing a reduction in their underburning. However, the boiler and its working method have the disadvantages already known that are common to all the above devices and methods: active contamination of screens with poor heat transfer in the furnace, low reliability of burners, superheater and air heater pipes, and an increased concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust products to the atmosphere.

A boiler is known that contains a vertical firebox and a horizontal gas duct connected to it with successively installed pipes of a superheater, economizer, and channel vertical ash traps installed staggered in several rows, as well as a gas duct with an air heater. When ash traps are placed in front of the air heater, ash particles are separated from the zologase gas stream, which reduces the ash concentration in it and the ash wear activity of the air heater tubes placed behind the traps (RF patent No. 2373460; F23J 3/04 of 05/19/2008; published in BI No. 32 dated November 20, 2009).

A known method of operation of such a boiler by burning coal dust in a furnace and discharging the resulting zologovye products into a horizontal flue with a superheater, economizer and channel ash traps and then into a flue with an air heater and a chimney. When the zologovogo flow in the horizontal duct passes through the ash separator traps, the bulk of the ash particles are removed from the zologazovy stream. The gas stream practically purified from ash enters the air heater, which significantly reduces the abrasive wear of the air heater pipes (RF patent No. 2373460; F23J 3/04 of 05/19/2008; published in BI No. 32 of 11/20/2009).

The boiler and the method retain characteristic disadvantages: increased incomplete burning of large fuel particles, contamination of the furnace with slag, high temperature of the combustion products in front of the superheater and its low reliability, low reliability of the torch irradiated by the torch, high concentration of nitrogen oxides in the gaseous combustion products removed through the chimney .

The boiler closest to the invention is known, which contains a vertical prismatic firebox for combined solid fuel dust burning in a flare and prepared on its basis and sprayed with a water-coal suspension nozzles with a vertical axis in the center enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, screening the walls and overlapping pipes with circulating steam-water medium, placed on the walls along the ceiling with burners, at least one horizon a row with vertically slotted confuser nozzle nozzles for separate output of air flows along the walls and fuel pulverized coal flows along the vertical axis of the furnace and nozzles for spraying and output of fuel sprayed water and coal suspension flows also along the vertical axis of the furnace, additional nozzles mounted on the walls in several horizontal rows with two channels for output into the furnace along the enclosing walls and the vertical axis of the furnace of the flows of cooling torch gaseous flows of products and fuel-burning and protecting against slag pollution additional air currents, with a window in the hearth to remove the resulting pieces of slag and separating large gold-fuel particles, adjacent to the hearth of the window in the rear wall for the removal of zologovye products, as well as a horizontal duct with enclosing side and rear walls , ceiling and hearth ceilings, sequentially installed bundles of pipes of a superheater, economizer and staggered in several rows of seam Llerk vertical ash traps, a window for introducing a zologovogo flow combined with a zologazovodyashchy firebox window, windows in the hearth for removing ash from tube bundles and traps, a window in the rear wall adjacent to the ceiling for discharging the gas stream cleaned from ash into a gas duct with an air heater , chimney and discharge into the atmosphere, connected to additional nozzles and a horizontal flue, pumping the cooled products of combustion a flue with a fan (K.F. Roddatis, E.I. Romm, N.A. Semenenko et al. Boiler plants. Volume 2. Gosenergoizdat, M. - L., 1946, p. 137-142, FIG. 94, FIG. 95b).

There is a known method of operation of such a boiler by combined entry into a vertical prismatic firebox with a vertical axis in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding them with pipes, slag-discharge hearth and zologase-opening windows adjacent to the hearth in the rear wall separately through vertical slotted confuser nozzles and nozzles of at least one horizontal row of wall burners along the ceiling and a vertical axis in the center of the tangential o-direct-flow fuel pulverized coal and fuel sprayed water-coal suspension streams and tangential-direct-flow air streams along the ceiling and enclosing walls, organization of flare ignition and combustion processes with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, entering into the furnace through several installed on the walls in several additional nozzles of separate tangential-direct-flow cooling gaseous product gas flows oranium taken from the horizontal gas duct and pumped through the gas duct with a fan, and additional afterburning and protecting from slag pollution additional air flows, the removal of large separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into a slag-exhaust channel, evacuation of sologas products through an adjoining to the hearth floor the rear wall of the furnace a window into the horizontal flue with side and rear walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, fly-ash windows in the hearth a door adjacent to the ceiling, a gas outlet window in the rear wall, sequentially arranged bundles of superheater and economizer pipes and staggered in several rows of vertical channel ash traps, ash from traps and tube bundles through windows in the underfloor into storage bins, from the ash of the gas stream through the window in the rear wall of the horizontal gas duct to the gas duct with an air heater, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere with consequently impact the heat medium circulating steam through the furnace tubes in the furnace tubes of the superheater, economiser in a horizontal flue at the air preheater, dispensing heated water and generated steam to a user (KF Roddatis, E.I. Romm, N.A. Semenenko et al. Boiler plants. Volume 2. Gosenergoizdat, M. - L., 1946, p. 137-142, FIG. 94, FIG. 95b).

The boiler and the method of its operation can reduce the underburning of large fuel particles, the concentration of nitrogen and ash oxides in the gaseous products of combustion removed from the boiler, reduce the furnace contamination by slag and activate heat transfer, increase the reliability of superheater and air heating pipes with increased reliability of burner devices. However, the reliability of additional nozzles is low. Moreover, the noted advantages, even with high reliability of the burners, are realized only when certain design and operation features of the boiler, which are not described previously in the literature and are not known in practice, that ensure the rational structure of the combustion torch and exhaust combustion products.

The objective of the invention is the choice of the design and method of operation of the boiler, allowing you to change the multicomponent structure of the torch, filling the space inside the furnace and consisting of coal dust heated and oxidized with the release of heat, sprayed water-coal suspension, oxidizing air flows and flows of zologaz products formed during oxidative reactions combustion, as well as to improve the structure of gas flow from the furnace and boiler, while reducing the underburning of large fuel particles, the concentration of nitrogen oxides and ash in the gaseous products of combustion exhausted from the boiler, reduce the contamination of the furnace by slag, activate heat transfer, increase the reliability of additional nozzles, superheater and air heating pipes with high reliability of burner devices.

The problem is solved in the proposed boiler, containing a vertical prismatic firebox for combined combustion of solid fuel dust in a flare and prepared on its basis and sprayed with a nozzle of a water-coal suspension with a vertical axis in the center enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, screening the walls and floors with pipes with circulating steam-water medium, placed on the walls along the ceiling with burners, at least in one horizontal row, having tic-slot confuser nozzle nozzles for separate output of air flows along the walls and fuel pulverized coal flows along the vertical axis of the furnace and nozzle for spraying and output of fuel atomized water-carbon suspension flows also along the vertical axis of the furnace, mounted on the walls in several horizontal rows with additional nozzles with two channels for output into the furnace along the enclosing walls and the vertical axis of the furnace of the cooling torch, gaseous flows of combustion products and fuel and water looking for additional air currents from slag pollution, with a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting pieces of slag and separating large gold-fuel particles, adjacent to the hearth floor with a window in the rear wall for venting zologovye products, as well as a horizontal duct with enclosing side and rear walls, ceiling and hearth floors, sequentially installed bundles of pipes of a superheater, economizer and staggered in several rows of vertical channel bars separation traps, a window for entering a zologovogo flow combined with a zologazovyzhnogo window of the furnace, windows in the hearth for removing ash from tube bundles and traps, a window in the rear wall adjacent to the ceiling to discharge the cleaned ash gas stream into the duct with an air heater, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere, connected to additional nozzles and a horizontal flue, pumping the cooled products of combustion a flue with a fan, according to the invention, equipping the channels with additional nozzles with vertically slotted confuser nozzles, installing additional nozzles of the upper row on the walls of the furnace between its ceiling and burners, placing the remaining additional nozzles on the walls between the burners and the hearth of the furnace, installing additional horizontal windows on the side walls adjacent to the ceiling of the ceiling between the traps and the exit window with connecting to them pumping the cooled gaseous products of combustion to additional nozzles of the gas duct with a fan.

When solving this problem, the boiler is operated according to the method proposed below by combined input into a vertical prismatic firebox with a vertical axis in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding them with pipes, bottom slag-removing and adjacent to the bottom in the rear wall zologovozvodyashchy windows separately through vertically slotted confuser nozzles and nozzles placed at least in one horizontal row of wall burners along the ceiling the overlap and the vertical axis in the center of the tangentially direct-flow fuel pulverized coal and fuel sprayed water-coal suspension flows and along the ceiling and the enclosing walls of the tangentially direct-flow air streams, the organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature topological gas input through on the walls in several horizontal rows additional nozzles of separate tangentially-directness full-time cooling gaseous streams of combustion products taken from a horizontal gas duct and pumped through a gas duct with a fan, and additional afterburning and protecting from slag pollution air streams, the withdrawal of large separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag-removing channel, evacuation of the gaseous products through to the underfloor in the rear wall of the furnace, a window into the horizontal flue with side and rear walls, ceiling and underfloor, with tin-opening windows in the hearth floor adjacent to the ceiling of the gas outlet window in the rear wall, sequentially placed bundles of superheater and economizer pipes and staggered in vertical rows in vertical channels of ash separating traps, the ash is removed from the traps and tube bundles through the windows in the hearth floor bunkers, the removal of the ash-free gas stream into the gas duct with an air heater, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere with sequentially by transferring heat to the circulating steam-water medium through screen tubes in the furnace, pipes of a superheater, economizer in a horizontal gas duct, in an air heater, dispensing heated water and generated steam to a consumer, according to the invention, cooling gaseous flows of combustion products and additional air flows are introduced through additional nozzles of the upper horizontal row above the burners, fuel pulverized coal streams and fuel sprayed water-coal suspension streams flowing outward from the burners, and h the remaining additional nozzles under the burners are counter-displaced by the same fuel pulverized coal and fuel sprayed water-coal suspension streams flowing from the burners, while during the periods when only fuel pulverized coal flows into the furnace through the burner, additional air flows are introduced through all additional nozzles along the enclosing walls, and cooling gaseous the flow of combustion products is fed along the vertical axis of the furnace, during periods of supply to the furnace of fuel atomized water-carbon suspension flows separately to and in combination with pulverized-coal fuel streams, only additional air streams directed along the walls are introduced through the upper row of additional nozzles, additional air streams are also fed through the remaining additional nozzles along the walls, and cooling gaseous flows of combustion products along the vertical axis of the furnace, while cooling gaseous products combustion is taken from the near-ceiling section of the horizontal gas duct between the vertical channel traps and the exit window of the horizontal gas ode.

When constructing the boiler with equipping additional nozzles with vertical slit confuser nozzles, installing additional nozzles of the upper row on the walls of the furnace between its ceiling and burners, placing the remaining additional nozzles on the walls between the burners and the hearth of the furnace, installing additional windows on adjoining walls to the ceiling of the horizontal duct between its traps and the exit window and the connection of these additional windows to the transfer cooler These gaseous products of combustion to the flue duct with a fan while implementing the method of operation of the proposed device with distinctive features, which include introducing air along the enclosing walls through all additional nozzles and supplying a cooling torch to the combustion products through the same nozzles along the vertical axis of the furnace during the supply of only pulverized coal flows through the burners as well as the introduction of air along the enclosing walls through all additional nozzles and the supply of cooling products of combustion through the additional torch beside the nozzles of the upper row along the vertical axis of the furnace during the periods of supply of sprayed water-coal suspension fuel streams through the burners both separately and in combination with pulverized coal flows, the selection of cooling gaseous products from the near-ceiling section of the horizontal gas duct between the vertical channel traps and the exit window of the horizontal gas duct that the flows of cooling gaseous products and air through additional nozzles of the upper horizontal row are introduced above the satellite burners the reagent streams flowing out from the burners, and through the remaining additional nozzles under the burners, opposite to the reagent streams flowing out from the burners, the multicomponent structure of the furnace plume, consisting of coal dust particles heated up and oxidized with the release of heat and sprayed water-coal suspension, oxidizing airborne particles, changes streams and streams generated during oxidative reactions of zologase combustion products, and also improves the structure of zologaz removed from the furnace and boiler O streams, while achieving reduction of unburnt fuel particles and the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the ash discharged from the combustion gases of the boiler, reducing zagryaznyaemosti furnace slag activating heat, improving the reliability of additional nozzles and vozduhopodogrevatelnyh superheater pipes with high reliability burners. At the same time, the positive effect is realized by the above complex of new constructive and technological measures that solve the problem. With the exception of at least one of the listed measures, the efficiency of the proposed boiler and the method of its operation are reduced.

The proposed boiler and the method of its operation are illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a boiler, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a section Α-A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of the reagent fuel and air flows entering the furnace through burners, section BB in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of the introduction into the furnace through additional nozzles of the upper row of cooled gaseous products of combustion and air, section BB in FIG. one; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of the introduction into the furnace through additional nozzles under the burners of cooled gaseous products of combustion and air, section G-G in FIG. one; in FIG. 6 is a diagram of a burner, enlarged node I in FIG. 3; in FIG. 7 is a view D in FIG. 5; in FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of the sprayed water-coal slurry and ignition fuel fluids, section E-Ε in FIG. 7; in FIG. 9 is a diagram of an additional nozzle, an enlarged assembly II in FIG. four; in FIG. 10 is a view G in FIG. 8; in FIG. 11 is a diagram of an additional nozzle, an enlarged assembly III in FIG. 5.

The boiler of FIG. 1-11 includes a vertical prismatic firebox 1 for combined combustion of solid fuel dust in a flare and prepared on its basis and sprayed by nozzles of a water-coal suspension with a vertical axis to the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls 2, 3 and 4, 5, respectively, of the ceiling and hearth ceilings 6 and 7, respectively, shielding walls 2, 3, 4, 5 and ceilings 6, 7 with pipes 8 with circulating steam-water medium 9, placed on the walls, in particular, 4, 5 along the ceiling, in particular, in one horizontal row m with burners 10 (or in several horizontal rows with less powerful burners, not shown in the drawings); burners 10 have vertically slotted confuser nozzle nozzles 11, 12 for separate output of air streams 13 along walls 2, 3, 4, 5 and fuel pulverized coal streams 14 along the vertical axis k of the furnace 1 and nozzle 15 for spraying and outputting fuel sprayed water and coal suspension streams 16 also along the vertical axis to the furnace 1; pipelines 17, 18 with control and shutoff valves 19, 20 for introducing the suspension 21 and the atomizer, in particular compressed air 22, are connected to the nozzle 15; here in the burner 10 there is a kindling unit 23 for introducing highly reactive fuel 24 into the furnace 1; to the node 23 is connected a pipe 25 with fittings 26 for supplying fuel oil or natural gas 27; the furnace 1, in addition to the burners 10, has installed on the walls, in particular, 4, 5 in several horizontal rows, including in the upper n between the burners 10 and the ceiling 6 and the lower v, p, s between the burners 10 and the hearth 7 additional nozzles 28 with two channels 29, 30 and nozzle 31 with two channels 32, 33, respectively, for output into the furnace 1 along the enclosing walls 2, 3, 4, 5 and the vertical axis to the furnace 1 of the cooling torch of gaseous flows of combustion products 34, 35 and afterburning fuel and protecting against slag air pollution 36, 37, firebox also has a window 38 in the hearth floor 7 for outputting the resulting pieces of slag 39 and separating large gold fuel particles 40, a window 41 adjacent to the hearth floor 7 in the rear wall 3 for the output of zologovogo products 42. In addition to the furnace 1, the boiler device includes a horizontal gas duct 43 with side walls and back walls 44, 45 and 46, respectively, ceiling and hearth ceilings 47 and 48, respectively, sequentially installed bundles of pipes 49 and 50 of a superheater and economizer, respectively, and placed in a checkerboard pattern the core in several rows with channel vertical ash separating traps 51, a window for entering a zologazovy stream 42, combined with a zologazovodyashchy window 41 of the furnace 1, windows, in particular, 53, 54 in the hearth floor 48 to remove ash particles 55 from the traps 51 and tube bundles 49, 50, with a window 56 in the rear wall 46 adjacent to the ceiling 47, for discharging the gas stream 57 cleaned from ash 55 into the gas duct 58 with an air heater 59, a chimney 60 and discharging it into the atmosphere by means of smoke exhausters 61; the boiler device is equipped with a chilled combustion products 34, 35 pumping and feeding into the nozzles 28, 31 a gas duct 62 with a fan 63 (Fig. 2). A feature of the boiler device is the equipping of channels 29, 30 and 32, 33 of additional nozzles 28, 31 with vertical slotted confuser nozzles 64, 65 and 66, 67, respectively (Fig. 9 and Fig. 11), installation of additional nozzles 28 of the upper row n on the walls in particular, 4, 5 of the furnace 1 between its ceiling 6 and the burners 10, the placement of the remaining additional nozzles 31 in rows v, p, s on the walls, in particular, 4, 5 between the burners 10 and the hearth 7 of the furnace 1, installation additional windows 68 (Fig. 2) on the side walls 44, 45 adjacent to the ceiling overlapping 47 of the horizontal gas duct 43 between its traps 51 and the exit window 56 in the rear wall 46 and connecting to the windows 68 pumping the cooled and cleaned flue gas streams 34, 35 to the nozzles 28, 31 of the gas duct 62 with a fan 63. Feed water 69 from which steam 70, the boiler is supplied with pumps 71, air 72 for heating in the air heater 59 by fans 73. Regulating flow and shut-off valves 74 are installed on gas pipelines and air ducts.

The boiler of FIG. 1-11 works according to the proposed method by combined input into a vertical prismatic firebox 1 with a vertical axis k in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls 2, 3, 4, 5, ceiling and hearth ceilings 6, 7, shielding them with 8 s pipes circulating steam-water medium 9, with a bottom slag-outlet and adjacent to the bottom 7 in the rear wall 3, zoogas-outlet windows 38 and 41 separately through vertically slotted confuser nozzles 11, 12 and nozzles 15 placed at least in one horizontal row of m wall burners 10 along the ceiling 6 and the vertical axis k in the center of the tangentially direct-flow fuel pulverized coal 14 and fuel sprayed water-coal suspension flows 16 and along the ceiling 6 and the enclosing walls 2, 3, 4, 5 of the tangential-direct-flow air flows 13, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products 42, entering into the furnace 1 through additional nozzles 2 installed in several horizontal rows n, v, p, s 8, 31 of separate tangential-direct-flow torch cooling gaseous streams of combustion products 34, 35, taken from a horizontal gas duct 43 and pumped through a gas duct 62 with a fan 63, and additional afterburning and protecting from slag pollution air flows 36, 37, the withdrawal of large separating gold particles 40 and pieces of the resulting slag 39 through a hearth window 38 into a slag-removing channel (not shown in the drawings), evacuation of gas products 42 through an adjacent furnace floor 7 in the rear wall 3 of the furnace 1 window 41 horizontal gas duct 43 with side and rear walls 44, 45 and 46, ceiling and hearth floors 47 and 48, windows 53, 54 in the hearth floor 48, sequentially placed bundles of superheater and economizer pipes 49 and 50 and staggered in several rows of vertical channel ash traps, the removal of ash 55 from the traps 51 and tube bundles 49, 50 through the windows 53, 54 in the hearth 48 in the storage bins (not shown in the drawings), the discharge of the cleaned ash stream 57 into the duct 58 with air with a remover 59, a chimney 60 and discharge into the atmosphere using smoke exhausters 61 and sequential heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium 9 through screen pipes 8 in the furnace 1, superheater pipes 49 and economizer 50 in the horizontal flue 43, heated water tempering (not shown in the drawings) produced steam 70 to the consumer. New technological features of the proposed method is the introduction of cooling gaseous streams of combustion products 34 and air streams 36 through additional nozzles 28 above the burners 10 located in a row m and flowing out of the burners 10 into the fuel pulverized coal streams 14 and the fuel atomized water-carbon suspension streams 16, and through the remaining additional nozzles 31 under the burners 10 located in rows v, p, s, cooling gaseous streams of combustion products 35 and air flows 37 are introduced counter-biased by the same flow them from the burners 10 with fuel pulverized coal and sprayed water-coal suspension streams 14 and 16, while during the periods of supplying only fuel pulverized coal streams 14 to the furnace 1 through burners 10, air streams 36, 37 are introduced through all additional nozzles 28, 31 along the enclosing walls, and cooling torches gaseous flows of combustion products 34, 35 are fed along the vertical axis k of the furnace 1; during the periods when fuel sprayed water-coal suspension streams 16 are heavily ballasted with water, both individually and in combination with fuel pulverized coal streams 14, only air streams 36 directed along walls 2, 3, 4, 5 are introduced through the upper row m of the nozzles 28 , through the other nozzles 31 in rows v, p, s, air flows 37 are also supplied along walls 2, 3, 4, 5, and the torch-cooling gaseous flows of combustion products 35 along the vertical axis k of the furnace 1; cooling the torch, the gaseous products of combustion 34, 35 are taken from the near-ceiling section of the horizontal duct 43 between the vertical channel traps 51 and the exit window 56 of the horizontal duct 49.

In addition to the one shown in FIG. 1, 2 of the technical solution in terms of boiler design, a block arrangement of its elements not shown in the drawings is possible: furnace 1 and horizontal gas duct 43 with superheater 49, economizer 50 and ash traps 51, air heater 59, the latter being either regenerative or regenerative type . In this case, all elements and their designations in FIG. 3-11.

The design of the boiler with the equipment of additional nozzles 28, 31 with vertical slotted confuser nozzles 64, 65, 66, 67, installation of additional nozzles 28 of the upper row n on the walls 2, 3,4, 5 of the furnace 1 between its ceiling 6 and burners 10, placing the remaining additional nozzles 31 on the walls 2, 3, 4, 5 between the burners 10 and the hearth floor 7 of the furnace 1, installing additional windows 68 on the enclosing walls 44, 45 with the horizontal duct 43 adjacent to the ceiling ceiling 47 between its traps 51 and the exit window 56 and connecting these additional windows 68 to the gaseous flow of combustion products 34, 35 pumping the cooling torch, the gas duct 62 with the fan 63 while simultaneously implementing the method of operation of the proposed device with distinctive features, including the introduction of air flows 36, 37 along the enclosing walls 2, 3, 4, 5 through all additional nozzles 28, 31 and the supply of torch-cooling flows of combustion products 34, 35 through the same nozzles 28, 31 along the vertical axis k of the furnace 1 during the supply through the burner 10 of the fuel pulverized coal streams 14 only, as well as the air inlet flows 36, 37 along the enclosing walls 2, 3, 4, 5 through all additional nozzles 28, 31 and the supply of gaseous fluxes of combustion products 34, 35 cooling the torch through additional nozzles 31 except nozzles 28 of the upper row n along the vertical axis to the furnace 1 during periods the supply through the burner 10 of the atomized fuel water-suspension streams 16 both separately and in combination with the fuel pulverized coal streams 14, the selection of the cooling torch of the gaseous streams of combustion products 34, 35 from the near-ceiling section of the horizontal duct 43 between the vertical channel traps 51 and the exit window 56 of the horizontal gas duct 43, taking into account the fact that the cooling torch flows of gaseous products of combustion 34 and air flows 36 through additional nozzles 28 of the upper horizontal row n are injected over the burners 10 fuel pulverized coal and atomized water-coal suspension flows outward from the burners 10 , 16, and through the remaining additional nozzles 31 under the burners 10, the fuel pulverized coal and sprayed water-coal suspension streams 14, 16 from The multicomponent structure of the combustion torch is changed, which consists of coal dust particles heated up and oxidized with the release of heat and sprayed water-coal suspension, oxidizing air flows and flows generated during oxidative reactions of gas-polluted combustion products, and the structure of the gas-filled gas flows from the furnace and boiler is improved, this reduces the underburning of fuel particles, the concentration of nitrogen and ash oxides in the gaseous products of combustion removed from the boiler 57, of zagryaznyaemosti furnace slag 39, activation of the heat exchange, increase the reliability of additional nozzles 28, 31, the air preheater and superheater tubes at high reliability burned intramural device 10. This positive effect is realized complex listed new constructive and technological measures, which solves the problem. With the exception of at least one of the measures, the efficiency of the proposed device and its method of operation are reduced.

The maximum ash removal effect in traps 51 is realized at minimum zologase gas flow velocities (<1 m / s), while an improvement in convective heat transfer in the pipes of the superheater 49 and economizer 50 is observed with increasing speed (> 10 m / s). Hence, further development of the steam generation technology using the proposed device and the boiler operation method will be associated with the optimization of the design and operating parameters of these processes, in particular, the configuration of the horizontal gas duct 43. One of such solutions, presented in FIG. 2 of the present invention, is aimed at changing the flow cross section of the gas duct 43. The efficiency of the flare process in the furnace 1 depends on the initial characteristics of the combusted fuel introduced into the furnace by pulverized coal 14 and sprayed water-suspension streams 16. Improving the burning of fuel particles, minimizing the yield of nitrogen oxides and the activity of slag pipe contamination 8 in the furnace 1 with a decrease in the temperature level of the gases in the output window 41 are determined by the optimal proportions of the dimensions of the furnace 1 and the horizontal gas duct 43, the optimal the ranges of the marks of the horizontal rows m, n, v, p, s of the burners 10 and the additional nozzles 28, 31, the operating ranges of the flow rates of the cooling gas 34, 35 and the afterburning air 36, 37. At this stage, these conditions are not considered, since they are subject of other inventions.

The use of the proposed device and method of operation of the boiler is associated with energy, in particular, with thermal power plants and industrial boiler rooms. The main purpose is ecologically cleaner and economically more profitable and reliable burning of coal dust in flare furnaces and water-coal suspension prepared on its basis and sawn by nozzles. Such a fuel combination is possible primarily during the hydro-production of coal, its lump and suspension delivery by hydrotransport to TPPs. The proposed device and method of operation of the boiler provide for the possibility of separate burning of these fuels, as well as in combinations. The use of the device and method is advisable in projects of new boilers, reconstructions of existing TPPs and boiler rooms with resource-used equipment. In this case, partial use of the invention in other high-temperature installations is permissible for solving other problems, for example, the use of complex combined gas-air nozzles with confused vertically slotted nozzles in heating furnaces, boilers, and furnaces for various purposes to increase their own reliability and durability. In addition, if necessary, purification of zologase streams with a high ash removal effect can be used upstream ash traps.

Claims (2)

1. A boiler containing a vertical prismatic firebox for combined combustion of solid fuel dust in a flare and prepared on its basis and sprayed with a nozzle of a water-coal suspension with a vertical axis in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding walls and pipe ceilings with circulating steam-water medium, placed on the walls along the ceiling by burners, at least in one horizontal row, with vertically slotted confuser nozzle nozzles for separate output of air flows along the walls and fuel pulverized coal flows along the vertical axis of the furnace and nozzles for spraying and output of fuel atomized water-suspension streams also along the vertical axis of the furnace, mounted on the walls in several horizontal rows with additional nozzles with two channels for output into the furnace along enclosing walls and the vertical axis of the combustion chamber cooling the torch of gaseous flows of combustion products and fuel-burning and protecting against slag pollution additional air flows, a window in the hearth floor to remove the resulting pieces of slag and separating large gold-fuel particles, adjacent to the hearth floor with a window in the rear wall to remove zologovye products, as well as a horizontal duct with enclosing side and rear walls, ceiling and hearth floors, in series installed bundles of pipes of a superheater, economizer and staggered in several rows with vertical channel ash traps, windows ohm for introducing a zologovaz flow, combined with a zologovazovy window of the furnace, windows in the hearth for removing ash from tube bundles and traps, a window in the rear wall adjacent to the ceiling to discharge the cleaned ash gas stream into a flue with an air heater, a chimney and discharge to the atmosphere, connected to additional nozzles and a horizontal gas duct, a chimney pumping cooled gas products with a fan, characterized in that the channels of the additional nozzles are equipped with a vertical slot with confuser nozzles, additional nozzles of the upper row are installed on the walls of the furnace between its ceiling and burners, the remaining additional nozzles are placed on the walls between the burners and the hearth of the furnace, on the side walls adjacent to the ceiling of the horizontal duct between its traps and the exit window, additional windows connected to the pumping cooled gaseous products of combustion to additional nozzles of the duct with a fan. 2. The method of operation of the boiler by combined entry into a vertical prismatic firebox with a vertical axis in the center, enclosing the front, rear and side walls, ceiling and hearth ceilings, shielding them with pipes, bottom slag-outlet and adjoining zologas-outlet windows separately through the vertical slotted confuser nozzles and nozzles of at least one horizontal row of wall burners along the ceiling and a vertical axis in the center of the tangentially direct-flow pulverized coal and fuel pulverized water-coal suspension streams and along the ceiling and enclosing walls of tangentially direct-flow air streams, organization of flare processes of ignition and combustion with an exothermic fuel-oxidizing effect and the formation of high-temperature zologovye products, introducing into the furnace through additional horizontal nozzles installed on the walls in several horizontal rows tangential direct-flow cooling gaseous flows of combustion products, selection from the horizontal flue and pumped through the flue with a fan, and additional afterburning and protecting from slag pollution additional air flows, the output of large separating gold-fuel particles and pieces of the resulting slag through a hearth window into the slag exhaust channel, evacuation of zologovye products through an adjoining to the hearth floor in the rear wall furnaces a window into the horizontal flue with side and rear walls, ceiling and hearth floors, fly-ash windows in the hearth ceiling, adjacent a gas outlet window in the rear wall to the ceiling, sequentially placed bundles of superheater and economizer pipes and staggered in several rows of vertical channel ash traps, the ash is removed from the traps and tube bundles through the windows in the hearth into the storage bins, the outlet is cleaned of ash gas flow through a window in the rear wall of a horizontal gas duct into a gas duct with an air heater, a chimney and discharge into the atmosphere with successively heat transfer to the circulating steam-water medium through screen pipes in the furnace, pipes of a superheater, economizer in a horizontal gas duct, in an air heater, release of heated water and generated steam to a consumer, characterized in that cooling gaseous flows of combustion products and additional air flows through additional nozzles of the upper horizontal row injected over the burners the fuel pulverized coal and atomized water-coal suspension streams flowing out from the burners, and through the rest the nozzles under the burners are opposed to the same fuel pulverized coal flowing out from the burners and the sprayed water-coal suspension streams, while during the periods when only fuel pulverized coal flows into the furnace through the burners, additional air flows are introduced through all additional nozzles along the enclosing walls, and cooling gaseous flows of combustion products served along the vertical axis of the furnace, during periods of supply to the furnace of fuel atomized water-coal suspension flows, either separately or in combination with fuel By pulverized coal flows through the upper row of additional nozzles, only additional air flows directed along the walls are introduced, through the remaining additional nozzles additional air flows are also supplied along the walls, and cooling gaseous flows of combustion products along the vertical axis of the furnace, while cooling gaseous flows of combustion products are taken from the ceiling section horizontal duct between the vertical channel traps and the exit window of the horizontal duct.

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