SU1253745A1 - Versions of tool for vibrating machining of deep holes - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A tool for vibro-treating deep holes, comprising a housing, with a cutting blade and guide elements attached to the holder and a stem. Part that differs in order to expand technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the cutting blade, the tool is equipped with a removable insert with a centrally located gasket of a piezocrystalline element, and this is indicated, a removable insert is located in an V-shaped slot that is made on the holder, along the body and the head vsholnen left side channel currentcarrying conductive elements. 2. A tool for vibro-treating deep holes, comprising a housing with a cutting blade and guide elements fixed to the holder, and a stem part, which is also distinguished by the fact that, in order to expand the technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of oscillation of the cutting blade, the tool is equipped with a wedge pair mounted on the body, consisting of guide elements and pads, and a set of gaskets made of piezocrystalline elements, while the set of gaskets is kinematically connected to ynoic pair. 3. A tool for vibro-treating deep holes, comprising a housing with a fixed blade on the holder with a cutting blade and guide elements and a stem part, characterized in that, in order to expand the technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the cutting blade, the stem part is made of two tubes located condenserly, and the instrument is equipped with a flange located on the inner tube, in which the rows of holes are made in the diametral plane, each of which is located around offset, and a gasket of a piezocrystalline element located in the flange, with the flange kinematically: it is connected with the outer tube of the stem part of the tool. about 3 L. yu M "

Description

The invention relates to metalworking and can be used in the operations of vibrating drilling of boring or rolling holes R by locking of viscous materials,

The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the cutting blade.

This goal is achieved by adjusting the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the cutting blade, the smoothing elements, the stem part of the drills.

FIG. 1 shows a boring head, a section (in the first embodiment) J in FIG. 2 .- the same air front, in FIG. 3 - section aa, fig 1; in fig. 4 is a section BB in FIG. G; and in fig. 5 is a diagram of the forces acting on the cutting element of said head in FIG. 6 - a boring head, a slit (with glare guides according to the second variant); in fig. 7 is the same front view, in FIG. 8 is a diagram of the forces acting on the ball; in fig. 9 shows a drilling head with a stem part, a slit, in FIG. 10 is a sectional view BB in FIG. 9, in FIG. 11 - section GG in FIG. 9, in FIG. 12 is a diagram of the forces acting on the stem.

The boring head in the first embodiment (Figures 1-4) includes a housing 1 with guide elements 2 mounted on it. In the groove of the housing 1 perpendicular to its axis there is a holder 3 with solder cutting elements 4. Two V are opposite to each other in the body of the holder - shaped slots 5, the side edges of which form an acute angle 6.

In V - shaped slots x 5 wedge-shaped inserts 7 are installed with a centrally located gasket from

the piezocrystalline element 8. On 5 living surface (Fig.8), and in

the end of the housing 1 is installed clamping bolt 9 in contact with the end of the holder 3.

In addition, in case 1

the third, the stem transmitting the force to the element (Fig. 12), is under the action of three forces: two constant and one variable, and two holes 10 in which 50 3 are placed, which depends on the voltage.

supplied to the piezoelectric elements. Thus, by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the voltage applied to the piezocrystalline elements 55, the amplitude and frequency of the cutting blade can be controlled.

insulated conductor 11 for supplying voltage to piezocrystalline elements 8.

The boring head according to the second embodiment (Figs. 6 and 7) comprises a housing 12, connected by means of a thread with a boring bar 13. In the housing 12, cutting elements 14 and wedge

pairs consisting of three rows of balls 15, fastened by a separator ring 16, and pads with double-sided 17 and one-sided 18 bevels, in which balls 15 are located, which play the role of EE elements. In the bore of the housing 12, there is a cylindrical cutting through the spring 19, which contacts the right end with nuts 20 and 21, and the left end

the pin 22 is with the end face of the block 18. On the outer surface of the housing 1, a washer 23 is installed with piezocrystal elements 24 placed between them, one contacting one end with a pin 22, and the other with a protective sleeve 25 fixed in the housing 12 by the stem 13. In the hole housing 12 is insulated

a conductor 26 for supplying voltage to the piezocrystalline element 24. The drilling head with the stem part of the third embodiment (fig. 9-11) comprises a head body 27 with guide rails 28 and a cutting element 29 mounted on it. The head body 27 is connected to pipes 30 and 31. The outer tube 30 is rigidly connected to the flange 32, which, through the piezocrystalline washers 33 and the spacer gasket 34, rests on the end of the housing 35 fixed in the feed carriage of the machine. For the knots of the longitudinal rigidity of the inner tube, perpendicular to its axis, grooves 36 and 37 are made with angular displacement. The free end of the inner tube 31 is clamped by a nut 38, which is screwed onto the housing 35. In the opening of the housing 35

insulated conductor 39 extends to supply voltage to piezo-crystal washers 33.

In the first embodiment, the element (figure 5), in the second - the ball,

the third, the stem transmitting the force to the element (Fig. 12), is under the action of three forces: two constant and one variable, the magnitude of which depends on the voltage.

supplied to the piezoelectric elements. Thus, by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the voltage applied to the piezocrystalline elements 55, the amplitude and frequency of the cutting blade can be controlled.

The tool for the first option works as follows.

Under the action of the cutting force acting on the cutting elements 4, the holder 3 is deformed, the V-shaped slots 5 are compressed, deforming the insert 7 with piezo-crystalline spacers 8. At the same time, an equilibrium of forces is established. The axial cutting force becomes equal to the elastic deformation force P р p of the holder 3 and the deformation force P, d of the insert 7 with the gasket 8 P,. The supply of voltage to a crystal-glass gasket 8 causes a change in its thickness in one direction or another. This leads to an imbalance of forces P ,. , P, and, causing a change in the magnitude of the elastic deformation of the holder 3, a, therefore, and movement of the cutting element 4.

The tool for the second option works the same way. The change in the thickness of the piezocrystalline elements 24 under the action of the applied voltage causes the pads 17 and 18 to move, causing the housing 12 with the cutting elements 14 mounted on it. In addition, the pressure of the balls 15 changes to the surface of the hole by changing the force N ( Fig. 8 due to the imbalance of the forces Pp. This significantly improves the conditions for plastic deforming the surface of the hole with balls 15 and increases its quality indicators.

The presence of a spring 19 with a pin 22, a nut 20 and a lock-on nut 21 allows the force applied to the piezocrystalline elements to be adjusted. When screwing in the nut 20, the force of the spring 19, acting through the pin 22 on the block 18, increases, and since PPJ P, + PpQ const, the force coming

& on

the piezocrystalline elements are reduced.

The tool for the third option works as follows.

The part of the axial component of the cutting force acting on the cutting element 29 of the drilling head 27 through the outer pipe 30 and the flange 32 rigidly connected with it is transmitted to the piezoceramic elements 33. The other part acts on the body 35. The ratio of these parts of the axial component of the cutting force can be adjusted by a nut. 38. Changing the thickness of the piezocrystalline elements 33 under the action of stress causes the outer pipe 30 to move with the drilling head 27 and the cutting element 29.

Thus, periodically changing the voltage applied to the piezo-crystalline elements, it is possible to periodically move the cutting elements in all three described variants. Moreover, by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of the applied voltage, it is possible to easily set the optimum amplitudes and oscillation frequencies of the cutting element,

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Editor T. Parfenova

Compiled by M. Lopatsinsky

Tehred M. Khodanich Proof-reader V. But ha

Order 4666/16 Circulation 1001Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

fib, 12

Claims (3)

1. A tool for vibro-processing of deep holes, comprising a housing, with a cutting blade and guide elements mounted on the holder and a stem part, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the cutting blade, the tool is provided with a removable insert with a centrally located gasket of a piezocrystalline element, and this, removable insert is located in the on the V-shaped slot, a channel with current-carrying elements is made along the body and the stem part. 2. A tool for vibro-machining deep holes, comprising a housing with a cutting tool attached to the holder blade and guide elements and the stem part, distinguished by the fact that, to expand technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of oscillation of the cutting blade, the tool is equipped with a wedge pair mounted on the body, consisting of guide elements and pads, and a set of gaskets , made of piezocrystalline elements, with a set of gaskets kinematically connected with a wedge pair. 3. A tool for vibro-processing of deep holes, comprising a housing with a cutting blade and guide elements fixed on the holder and a stem part, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of oscillations of the cutting blade, the stem part is made of two concentrically pipes, and the tool is equipped with a flange located on the inner pipe, in which rows of products, each of which are located in the diametral plane, are circumferentially offset, and a gasket from a piezocrystalline element located in the flange, while the flange is kinematically connected with the outer tube of the stem part of the tool. 1 12537 ^