SU1250324A1 - Apparatus for mincing metal chips - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to the engineering and metallurgical industries and can be used for grinding metal chips, for example, in powder metallurgy, in particular, I in the production of powders from non-ferrous and rare metals.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the performance and reliability of the device.

FIG. 1 shows a device with a conventionally rotated electric drive shaft; in fig. 2 - device without chips, plan view; in fig. 3 and 4 - a multiple screw, general; their view and top view, respectively; in fig. 5 is a section A-A in FIG. four; in fig. 6 and 7 - fixed knife, side and top view, respectively; in fig. 8 is a section BB in FIG. 7; in fig. 9 and 10 — grate and additional rotating knife, cross-section and top view, respectively; in fig. 11 and 12 - impeller, section

ten

15

20

thirty

40

And the top view, respectively; in fig. 13 - 16 - movable and fixed disks for determining the installation angle of the cutting edges of the end knives of the multiple worm screw.

A device for grinding metal chips contains (Fig. 1) a housing 1, in the upper part of which a hopper 2 is located, inside the housing 1 there is a crushing mechanism, made in the form of two rolls 3 and 4, on the surface of each of which projections are made cutting edges located between the protrusions of the other roll, one of the rolls 4 is spring-loaded in the horizontal plane, and both rolls 3 and 4 through gear 5 are kinematically connected with drive 6 (Fig. 2).

The gear ratio of the gear 5 gear 5, which causes the rolls 3 and 4 to rotate, is equal to two, which ensures a compact design of the gearbox and a sufficient difference in linear speeds of the rollers 3 and 4 with 50 equal diameters. Consequently, over the same period of time, the rolls 3 and 4 go through different linear distances, so that when the shavings engage the protrusions of the rolls 3 and 4 5.5, it breaks. Between the fixed knife 7 and the grate 8 is vertically mounted to fixed

1250324

using a key on the drive shaft 9 a multiple screw 10 with double end knives 11, the cutting edges of which are at an angle of 3-7 °, formed by the radius of the multiple screw 10 and the cutting edge from the periphery to the axis of the multiple screw 10 in the direction of its rotation (Fig. 3 -five).

The stationary knife 7 (Fig. 6-8) is located in the device case 1 above the multiple starting screw 10 and is made in the form of a cross, inside which there is a rolling bearing with the drive shaft 9. The intersections of the bottom surface with the side surfaces form the cutting edges of the stationary knife 7 .

Multiple screw auger. 10 (FIG. 3-5), like any auger, has only two end surfaces. At the ends of each helical tape helix of the multiple worm screw 10, double-sided end knives 11- are rigidly fixed, made in the form of plates. The sharpening of the end knives 11 of the multiple worm screw 10 is performed assembled.

Multiple screw auger 10 for solids is more productive. compared with a single-thread, and the presence of end knives 11 on each spiral tape helix shortens the chip segments by the number of entry times.

The grate 8 is fixedly mounted in the lower part of the housing 1 and made in the form of a disk with radially located through slots (Fig. 9-10). The grate 8 with the upper end interacts with the multiple-entry screw 10, and the lower end with the additional rotating knife 12.

25

The range of the angle formed by the cutting edge of the end knife 11 and the radius of the multiple worm screw 10 is set experimentally on two disks (movable and stationary) (Fig. 13-16).

FIG. 13 depicts both discs with a quarter cut-out without undercutting the chip at the time the cutting edge of the movable disc touches it. At the initial moment, the chips move to the right and, having reached the device body, are cut into segments.

The range of the angle formed by the cutting edge of the end knife 11 and the radius of the multiple worm screw 10 is set experimentally on two disks (movable and stationary) (Fig. 13-16).

FIG. 13 depicts both discs with a quarter cut-out without undercutting the chip at the time the cutting edge of the movable disc touches it. At the initial moment, the chips move to the right and, having reached the device body, are cut into segments.

FIG. 14 shows discs with an undercut angle of the movable disc equal to 3-7 °, chips practically do not move into segments during cutting and therefore the entire length of the cutting edge is used, thereby increasing the uniformity of blade wear and their durability.

FIG. 15 shows the disks at the beginning of chip cutting, where the movable disk is made with undercut 10, as a result of which the chips move from the periphery to the center, which also leads to uneven cutting edges.

ABOUT

The angle limit equal to 3, formed by the cutting edge of the face knife 1 and the radius of the multiphase screw 10 from the periphery to the screw axis in the direction of its rotation, is due to uniform cutting of the chips along the entire length of the cutting edge, reducing this limit leads to preliminary movement of the chips from the center to the periphery and less often it is only with the ends of the end knives 11, therefore the endurance of the end knives is insignificant.

The limit of 7, due to the maximum allowable uneven cutting of chips along the cutting edge, increasing this limit causes the chips to move from the periphery to the center before cutting and cutting the chips with end ends of the cutting edge 11 in the center of the screw, which also leads to the low resistance of the end knives 11.

The rotating blade 12 is made of the same shape as the grate 8, only without adjusting grooves on the side surface, and is rigidly connected to the drive shaft 9 by means of a key.

The stationary knot 7 and the upper end knives 11 of the multiple-feed screw 10 interacting with it form a) -t the upper step of grinding chips, the lower end knives 11 of the multiple-screw auger 10, cooperating with the upper end of the grate 8, form the intermediate step of grinding and the bottom the end of the grate 8 and the rotating knife 12 interacting with it forms the lower level of chip grinding in the device grinding mechanism. The lump 13 (fig. 11 and 12) is made in the shape of a cross and fixed (with the help of a key) the drive shaft 9 and cooperates with the bottom of the bottom end of the housing 1.

A multiple screw 10, a rotating blade 12 and an impeller 13 rigidly mounted on the drive shaft 9 are driven into rotational motion by the electric motor 14.

On the side of the housing 1 there is a safety gear 15 indestructible ate with a spring 16. Near the housing 1 there is a container 17 for shredded chips.

The metal shredder is operated as follows.

The metal shavings enter the hopper 2, which are caught and moved downward by the projections of the rolls 3 and 4, while at the time of contact of the rolls 3 and 4 the chips are cut into segments, and at the time of non-contact of the rolls and due to their different speed of rotation due to gear ratio equal to 2, the chips are broken.

Then, pieces of chips with a length of 50-100 mm fall onto the cruciform stationary knife 7 and are captured by a multi-entry screw 10, and its upper end knives 11 grind the pieces of chips to a fraction of 20-30 mm.

The lower end knives of the multiple screw 10, and the rotating Knife 12 interact with the grate 8 and crush the pieces of chips to a fraction of 5-15 mm. The crushed chips collide with the crinkle 13 along the slip into a nearby container 17.

In case of ingestable body into the crushing mechanism, the roll 4 under the action of the inadequate body departs in the direction of the cam and rotates the valve of the catcher 15, and the inaccessible body captured by the rolls 3 and 4 is dropped onto the inclined part of the catcher 15 and rolls along it into the container (not shown). After removal of the uncashable body, the roll 4 and the flap of the catcher 15 are returned to their original position by means of the spring 16.

Thus, the device in the process of work provides an increase in the productivity of the process of crushed metal shavings and has an increased reliability.

In addition, due to the four-stage scheme for grinding metal chips, the length of chip segments is reduced, which drastically reduces the manufacturing time of the metal powder 5.

J7

FIG 11

one

Aa g

- and

AI

Fig 5

(rigA yt / e. 7

fiyo

ipue.9

gjue to

tJJus. f3

Lisk) f (Hi, / a

Cmpi / fta

Dis / f f / enoff SuMfMbtU

cpus lS

Compiled by V. Revva Editor M. Petrova Tehred V. Kadar Proofreader S. Shekmar

Order 4359/8 Circulation 582 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 4/5, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5, Moscow

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Cpu.fff

Claims (3)

1. DEVICE FOR GRINDING A METAL SHAVE, comprising a housing, in the upper part of which a loading hopper is installed, a crushing mechanism and a grinding mechanism located along the vertical axis of the housing, having pairs set under each other, consisting of knives fixed and rotating on the drive shaft, and located there is an impeller under them, and in the lower pair, the fixed knife is made in the form of a grate, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity and reliability of the device, the mechanism crushing is made in the form of two rolls, each of which has protrusions with cutting edges ^ located between the protrusions of the other roll, and the grinding mechanism is equipped with a multi-auger mounted vertically on the drive shaft between the fixed knives and an additional rotating knife fixed under the grate on the drive shaft, and rotating knives pairs' are fixed at the ends of the multi-auger screw. 2. The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that one of the rolls is spring-loaded in a horizontal plane. 3. The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that the cutting edges of the rotating knives at the ends of the multi-auger screw are located at an angle of 3-7 formed by the radius of the screw and the cutting edge from the periphery to the axis of the screw in the direction of its rotation. 1 ^<th 1 1250324