SU1238748A1 - Method of obtaining water-soluble fish protein feed concentrate - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the fishing industry and can be used in the production of feed fish hydrolysates in the form of dry protein concentrates for prescription substitutes for whole milk, used for feeding agricultural animals.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality and reduce the cost of the target product.

This goal is achieved by means of new} degree of attack of fish protein by enzymes and subsequent removal of water-soluble nitrogenous substances that have an inhibitory effect on enzymes, by boiling raw materials by hydrolysis of the solid part with an enzyme composition from the preparations of protosubtilin G20X and protolichenin G20X of a certain proteolytic activity during certain modes of temperature pH and time.

The method is carried out as follows.

Fish raw materials are ground and cooked at 90-10 () ° C for 20 minutes. Then it is divided into liquid and solid parts, pressed (or pressed on a decanter) to obtain a pulp with a moisture content of 40-450 / 0.

The hydrolysis is subjected to the solid part. To do this, pulp is loosened and lime milk (2-3 g of CaO per 1 kg of water) is added to it in a ratio of 1: 0.9 by weight. The temperature of the mixture is adjusted when moved to 55-60 ° C and an aqueous solution of the enzyme composition from preparations taken in a 1: 1 ratio (by activity) of protolichenin G20X (alkaline protetase) and protosubtilin G20X (neutral protease), or only protosubtilin G20H, with a total proteolytic activity of 110-150 units. per 1 kg of pulp - hydrolyzable raw material. The ratio of the mass of the pulp to the total amount of water added (taking into account the water for preparing a solution of enzyme preparations) is 1: 1. The process of enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out at 55-60 ° C for 3-4 hours with constant stirring, while the reaction of the medium is maintained at a pH of 7.7-8.0 (7.8) using 1 n. NaOH solution. At the end of the enzymatic hydrolysis, the mixture is neutralized with 1 n. HCl solution and heated at 90-100 ° C for 5-10 minutes to inactivate the enzymes, and then filtered and clarified to remove the unhydrolyzed, insoluble residue. This residue is washed with water in a 1: 1 ratio by weight and sent to the production of feed meal. The liquid part — the separated hydrolyzate — is degreased by separation and combined with the pre-defatted subpress broth and wash water. It is added to the hydrolyzate before it is concentrated. The hydrolyzate solution is concentrated by evaporation to a solids content of 35-45% and spray dried on a spray dryer.

Example I. 1 kg of fish raw material is ground and cooked at 95 ° C for 20 minutes to separate into solid and liquid parts, and then pressed to a final moisture content of 40%. The hydrolysis is subjected to the solid part. For this, the pulp obtained is loosened and 550 g (90% by weight) of milk of lime (2.5 g of CaO per 1 kg of water) are added to it. The temperature of the mixture is adjusted to 60 ° C by transferring 50 g (10% by weight) of a solution of the enzyme composition from preparations taken in a 1: 1 ratio (by activity) of protolichenin G20X and protosutylin G20X, with total proteolytic activity 75 units (120 units per 1 kg of hydrolyzable raw material - pulp). Enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid portion is carried out for 4 hours at a pH of 7.8, which is maintained with 1N. NaOH solution and temperature 58 ° C. After hydrolysis, the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 1 n. HC1 solution to 7.0. Then the mixture is heated to 100 ° C and incubated for 10 minutes The liquid portion is separated from the insoluble residue, clarified and degreased by separation. The undissolved residue is washed with water in a 1: 1 ratio by weight and then sent to the production of feed meal. The hydrolyzate and the washings are combined with the pre-clarified and defatted subpress broth. The solution is evaporated to a solids content of 40% and then dried in a spray dryer.

The yield of the finished product with a moisture content of 6% is 15% of raw materials.

The yield of water-soluble proteins (protein yield) is 60%. The product has good organoleptic characteristics.

Example 2. In this and the following examples, the yield is the total amount of water-soluble protein substances obtained by hydrolysis of the pulp, as a percentage of the protein in the raw fish raw materials, without taking into account the protein substances secreted with the pre-press broth (the amount of which is constant and on average 7%). In each example, there are five options for changing the value of the parameter in question.

The method according to the procedures and operations is identical to the method described in Example 1, except that the duration of the hydrolysis varies.

Duration of hydrolysis, h 0.5 1.5 3.0 4.0 6.0

% 34 45 51 55 58

The optimal duration of hydrolysis, at which it has. Place enough

good product yield, h, with less time of hydrolysis yield is insufficient. A further increase in duration is not rational, since the increase in product yield is insignificant.

Example 3. The procedure was carried out analogously to Example 1, except that the pH at which enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out was changed.

The reaction medium, pH 7.1 7.5 7.8 8.0 9.0 Yield, / o46 49 51 50 44

The optimal reaction of the medium when carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis is pH 7.8. Example 4. The procedure was carried out analogously to Example 1, except that the total proteolytic activity of the enzyme preparations used for the hydrolysis was changed.

Total proteolytic activity of enzymes, unit 50 100 120 150 240 Yield, o / o 36 49 51 53 58

The implementation of the method of obtaining a water-soluble fodder fish protein concentrate, which involves carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis, inactivating enzymes by heating, separating the hydrolyzate from the insoluble precipitate, degreasing the resulting hydrolyzate by separation, concentrating it and drying by spraying, and grinding, cooking and separating, and chopping, boiling and splitting, and concentrating, cooking and separating, and chopping, boiling and splitting, as well as crushing, boiling and separating, and splitting, boiling and splitting, as well as crushing, boiling, and splitting, and the unit will be applied to the fluid. hydrolysis of the solid part with a composition from the preparations of protosubtilin G20X and protolichinin G20X, taken in a 1: 1 ratio with total and protein tic activity IO 150 units. per 1 kg of hydrolyzable raw material at pH 7.7-8.0 for 3-4 hours, degreasing the liquid part and adding to the hydrolyzate before its concentration, improves the quality and reduces the cost of the target product.

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At the same time, thermal treatment of the raw material prior to enzymatic hydrolysis increases the degree of attack of fish protein by enzymes, and subsequent pressing results in removing water-soluble nitrogenous substances from the raw material that have an inhibitory effect on the enzymes. All this allows to reduce the consumption of enzyme preparations and reduce the cost of the target product,

When the hydrolyzate is separated from the insoluble sludge, the raw material is also partially degreased, and therefore the degreasing is carried out in two stages (before and after enzymatic hydrolysis), which increases its efficiency, resulting in the possibility of being used for the production of fatty raw materials. Water-soluble protein is not subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, which improves the quality of the target product. Selection of the most economically advantageous drugs and their optimal mixture, an effective mode of enzymatic hydrolysis also reduce the cost of the final product.

The yield of the product increases with an increase in proteolytic activity (dosage of enzyme preparations), but when the activity of the enzyme preparations used is more than 150 units. per 1 kg of pulp, given their cost, the cost of the final product rises sharply.

The method allows a more rational use of fish raw materials of reduced nutritional value (including fat) for the production of feed fish products, which increases its production and expands the range of feed fish products.

The water-soluble feed protein concentrate makes it possible to substitute up to 50% of deficient dry milk in recipes, which significantly increases its production and increases the efficiency of feeding young farm animals during the colostrum period.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-SOLUBLE FODDER FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATE by grinding raw materials, enzymatic hydrolysis, inactivation of enzymes by heating, separating the hydrolyzate from the insoluble residue, degreasing the hydrolyzate obtained by separation, concentrating it and spray drying, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality and reduce the cost of the target product, after grinding the cheese and separated into liquid and solid parts, the solid part is hydrolyzed by the enzyme composition of protosubtilin G20X and protolyhenin G20X preparations at their ratio is 1: 1, with a total proteolytic activity of 110-150 units per 1 kg of hydrolyzable feedstock and at a pH of 7.7-8.0 for 3-4 hours, and the liquid part is degreased and added to the hydrolyzate before concentration. 1238748 A1