SU1236001A1 - Anode jacket of aluminium electrolyzer with upper current lead - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to the electrolytic production of alumi- num, to the design of the anode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell with an averaging anode and upper shell.

The aim of the invention is to increase the quality of the anode.

The invention consists in that the anode casing consists of two rigidly hermetically connected between the two elements, the upper element, which is covered on the outside with a layer of heat insulating material, made of metal (aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium or alloys based on) with a higher temperature. Pipeline -1: o5 than steel and installed around the perimeter of the similar mass.

The walls of the upper frame member are made from changes in the roofing felts (other5 at this ratio of the thickness cteHOK of the upper element to the thickness of the walls of the lower element is 0.5-6.0.

The walls of the upper element are made with variable height, while the ratio of the heights of the walls of the upper element to the entire height of the frame is 0.3-0.6.

The thickness of the walls of the lower frame member is the same throughout its perimeter. The upper element in certain parts of the perimeter has a different thickness, for example, the thickness of the end walls is longer than the thickness: walls5 but less than the wall thickness in the corner sections. If the ratio of the thickness of the walls of the upper element to the thicknesses of the lower element on the same parts of the perimeter anode is less than 0.5, then the heating of the upper peripheral mass layers is insufficient. When this ratio is more than 6.0, the effect of applying the technical solution is retained, but metal is wasted.

The overall height of the frame in each section along its perimeter is the same, the heights of the elements are different, and the height of the upper element increases sequentially from the corner to the torsion and to the longitudinal sections. When the ratio of the height of the walls of the upper element to the entire height of the frame on equal parts of the perimeter of the anode is less than 0.3, the lower edge of the element made of metal with high thermal conductivity is in the zone

1236001 -2

temperatures equal to or exceeding the melting point of the metal, which leads to the destruction and escape from the anodic carcass.

Increasing this ratio by more than 0.6 does not provide sufficient heat transfer and softening of the upper peripheral coke-deposit layer.

The purpose of thermal insulation that cuts outside the wall of the upper frame element is to minimize the dissipation of thermal energy into the environment and more

effectively carry out the heating of the upper peripheral coke ovens of the layer. The thickness of the heat insulating layer may not be the same around the perimeter of the frame, for example, in the corner sections

more than in the areas at the middle, the longitudinal sides, It is also possible npi-s-menipia and various teshizol DIyupishhstiriov at the angle x, tortsovhyh and longitudinal sections of the perimeter of the top element,

The surface of the surface of the elements, the spi: touching with the heat of the anode, the floor is located in the same perical planes, i.e. elements are reduced in such a way that; on the line of their contact there was no ledge,

In order to eliminate additional stress deformations of the frame, the test walls of the upper element should be transferred to the counterbeams, belt and stiffeners, and the attachment point of the two elements should provide the required rigidity, strength, and reliability for 8-10 years of operation on the housing.

The drawing shows the proposed device, the cut.

The cone contains a sintering cone 1 and a liquid anode mass 2, which are contained inside the anodic frame 1-: ozha, consisting of the upper aluminum 3 and the lower steel 4 elements, as well as the gas collecting bell 5 and the outer heat insulating layer 6.

PRI me R. The thickness of the bottom steel element is 10 mm, the top aluminum element at the corner sections around its perimeter is 30 mm, at the end

25 mm and the thickness of the longitudinal walls of the upper element 20 mm. The height of the upper end of the fin element is on the corner sections of 600 mm, on the face

550 mm and the height of the longitudinal walls 500 mm.

The upper element is joined to the lower one in such a way that their internal surfaces are located in the same vertical planes (without a step). A thermal insulation layer (130 mm) is provided outside, made of chamotte grit; The area between the upper end face of the frame and the steel flooring, intended for the movement of personnel, which the core performs operations on the anode, is covered with a ceramic non-flowing material (bricks, tiles, etc.)

In order for the flowable components of the coke layer not to penetrate into the heat insulating layer and break through leaks, sealing is required at the junction of the elements by aligning the butt into the walls of the elements or installing heat-resistant sealing gaskets.

As a result of using the device, the temperature of the upper layers of the mass at the walls of the frame rises from 50-90

frame up to 130-150 C, which is ensured byN.Chernoi's composer Editor L.Gratillo Tekhred L.Serdyukova Corrector L.Patai

Order 3067/28 Circulation 615 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

ten

15

20

25

2360014

The uniform distribution of carbonaceous carbon across the zones of the horizontal surface of the anode leads to an increase in the height of the sintering cone around its periphery and reduces the amount of fluid mass that flows along the side edges to the melt, improves the quality of the anode, reduces the consumption of carbonated fluorine salts, electricity, living, stagnation and temperature of the electrolyte, and also increases the current efficiency and performance of the cell.

On an electrolyzer with a top current supply operating on a current of 156-158 kA with a consumption of technological electricity of 16060 kWh per 1 ton of aluminum and an anode mass flow of 584 kg per 1 ton of aluminum, applying the proposed technical solution will improve the quality of the anode and reduce the mass consumption approximately by 14 kg per 1 ton of aluminum, and also to reduce the voltage drop in the electrolyzer and the consumption of process electricity by about 150 kWh per 1 ton of aluminum.

Claims (3)

1. ANODE CASING OF AN ALUMINUM ELECTROLYZER WITH UPPER CURRENT SUPPLY, including a bell gas collector, a steel frame, inside of which there is an anode mass and a carbon body, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the anode, the frame is made of two elements that are rigidly and hermetically connected to each other, moreover, the upper element is made of metal with higher thermal conductivity than the material of the lower element, and is installed around the perimeter of the anode mass. 2. The anode casing according to claim 1, wherein the walls of the upper frame element are made with a variable thickness, and the ratio of the wall thickness of the upper element to the wall thickness of the lower element is 0.5-6.0. 3. Anode casing according to π. 1, characterized in that the walls § of the upper element are made with variable height, while the ratio of the heights of the walls of the upper element to the entire height of the frame is 0.30.6. 1236001 A1