SU1235941A1 - Installation for high-frequency hardening of parts - Google Patents

Description

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1235941

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The invention relates to the field of induction heating, in particular, to devices for high-frequency quenching of machine-building parts, such as crankshafts, and can be used in the automotive and tractor industry, in compressor engineering and mechanical engineering.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of quenching. 10 9

Figure 1 shows a setup for high-frequency quenching, a longitudinal section; Fig. 2 shows a device for high-frequency heating; node 1 in Fig. 1; on fig.Z - section aa on 15 figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in fig 2.

The proposed installation for high-frequency quenching consists of a transport mechanism 5 and an alignment mechanism 2 20, a power source (not shown), suspensions 3 with transformers and high-frequency heating devices 4, each of which is connected to the high-frequency transformer 5 with studs 6 and nuts 7 and consists of a detachable magnetic conductor 8 with dimensions of unattached primary winding 9 and dbum mobile secondary windings 10, and 30 also detachable inductor 11 and busbars 12, connecting the semi-rings 13 of the inductor 11 s moving secondary windings 10. Each basement: on the secondary winding 10 (or part of it) is made in the form of a cylinder 14 with a location inside the section 15 of the magnetic conductor 8. The axes 16 of the cylinders 14 are axes of rotation of the semi-rings 13 of the inductor llj in which The tires 12 connecting the semi-sol 13 of the inductor 11 with secondary movable windings 10 are covered by a magnetic core 17, the open part 18 of which is directed in the direction opposite to the inductor 11. The fixed primary winding 9 is made in the form of two (or several) series-connected half-cylinders 19, covered by the section 20 of the magnetic circuit 8. The axes of the semicylinders 19 are aligned with the axes 16 of the rotation of the secondary windings 10.

The installation works as follows.

The quenched crankshaft, through one of the transport mechanisms, enters the quenching position, where it is fixed by mechanisms 2 cent35

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At this moment of loading, the split inductor 11 is in the open position. After installing the shaft in the mechanism 2, the inductor 1 is closed, and the rotation of each half-ring 13 occurs around the axis 16. In the process of rotation, the moving secondary winding 10 moves relative to the fixed winding

The movement takes place on the cylindrical parts of these windings 14 and 19 while maintaining a constant value of the air gap separating them 21. When the inductor 11 is closed, its half-rings 13 move until the stops 22 of the hardened shaft neck 23 are mounted on it. Depending on the type of hardened neck the shaft and the technological requirements for the hardened surface, quenching can be carried out with or without rotation of the shaft. In the case of quenching with rotation, one of the centering mechanisms 2 has a rotational drive (not shown). In both cases, the suspensions 3 with transformers 5 and devices for high-frequency heating 4 connected to them can move in space depending on the movement of the necks of the quiz shaft 23.

After the inductor 11 is closed, the high frequency current from the power source (not shown) is transferred to the transformer 5, according to its resistance of the inductor 11 with the power source. From the transformer 5, the current enters the unconnected primary winding 9, a passage along the mutation excites the magnetic flux in sections 15 and 20 of the separable magnetic core 8. This flux induces the ECS in the cylindrical part 14 of the secondary winding 10. As short-circuited by tires 12 and half rings 13 inductor 1I, then under the influence of induced EMF, an electric current arises, which, passing through the semiring 13 of inductor II, heats the surface of the crankshaft 50 23 to the quenching temperature, for example, 900 C. Because quenching on one neck, the connecting buses 12 are located in the same plane with the semi-rings 13 of the inductor 11 and the current passing through them must not interact with the current passing along the semi-rings 13 of the inductor 11, on the tires 12 there are magnetic conductors

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At this moment of loading, the split inductor 11 is in the open position. After installing the shaft in the mechanism 2, the inductor 1 is closed, and the rotation of each half-ring 13 occurs around the axis 16. In the process of rotation, the moving secondary winding 10 moves relative to the fixed winding

The movement takes place on the cylindrical parts of these windings 14 and 19 while maintaining a constant value of the air gap separating them 21. When the inductor 11 is closed, its half-rings 13 move until the stops 22 of the hardened shaft neck 23 are mounted on it. Depending on the type of hardened neck of the shaft and the technological requirements imposed on the hardened surface, quenching can be carried out both with rotation and without rotation of the shaft. In the case of quenching with rotation, one of the centering mechanisms 2 has a rotational drive ( e is shown). In both cases, the suspensions 3 with transformers 5 and devices for high-frequency heating 4 connected to them can move in space depending on the movement of the necks of the quiz shaft 23.

31235941

We are 17, part I8 of which is open has been opened up to them. We do not need them for shi ro ro to that le

ravleya in the direction opposite to the inductor. In such a construction, the inductor current passes over the surface of the open part 18 of the restart 12, which excludes its interaction with the current in the inductor.

In the process of heating the shaft, it is deformed, which causes the shaft neck to act through stops (not shown) on the half rings 13 of the inductor 11 and, accordingly, to turn them around the axes 16. At the same time, the secondary windings 10 connected to them rotate. separating the cylindrical part of the primary winding 9 and the cylindrical part 14 of the secondary windings 10 remain constant.

After heating is completed, a quenching fluid is supplied to the necks. On the command of the end of cooling, the half-rings 13 of the split inductor I1 are rotated to the initial position, i.e. rotation of the semi-inductors 13 and associated elements around the axes 16. After this, the centering mechanisms 2 and the shaft 1 are opened

transport vygeodits from the installation.

Since in modern automated installations for hardening crankshafts, it is usually simultaneously

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five

five

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if all the necks are hardened at once or in groups, for example, primary and connecting rod, then it is necessary to place several heating devices nearby. In this case, one has to consider their mutual influence, as well as their effect on shaft elements that are not subjected to quenching, for example, counterweights, suspensions with transformers. Therefore, in the proposed installation, an additional positive effect is achieved by placing the connecting busbars 12 in the plane of the inductor with a magnetic core covering them, the open side of which is directed in the direction opposite to the inductor. In this design, current flow to the outer surface of half-rings 13 is eliminated, which leads to an increase in the quality of quenching.

The invention improves the hardening quality of the crankshaft journals, since the gap between the cylindrical parts of the primary and secondary windings remains constant for any deformation of the hardened shaft and the expansion of its geometric dimensions, which leads to an evenly hardened layer and reduction of the deformation. This allows refusing the use of loop inductors and obtaining an economic effect of 40 thousand rubles. in year.

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Editor P.Kossey

Compiled by V. Belofastov

Tehred V. KadarKorrektor E.Roshko

Order 3063/25 Circulation 552Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

FIG.

Claims (1)

INSTALLATION FOR HIGH-FREQUENCY HARDENING OF PARTS, mainly crankshaft necks, containing part labels, pendants with transformers and devices for high-frequency heating, each of which consists of a detachable three-section magnetic circuit with fixed primary windings and two rotary secondary windings and a detachable ring inductor located on the sections , the half rings of which are rigidly connected by tires with rotary secondary windings, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of hardening, sections bmotok with sections of the magnetic circuit are in the form of coaxial cylinders with axes aligned with the axes of rotation of the secondary Fi g /