SU1232676A1 - Device for refining fats and oils - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to food processing, in particular to devices for the refinement of fats, in particular for the alkaline neutralization of fats and oils.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reaction conditions of the feedstock and the reagent and the ability to control their reaction zone.

FIG. shows the principle of the device; FIG. 2 — body movement unit; FIG. 3 - reaction zone.

The device (Fig. 1) for the refinement of fats and oils contains a conical body 1 with a flat lid 2 and a neck 3, coaxially arranged nozzles 4 and 5 for the p-supply of reagent (alkali) and raw materials (fats and oils), and the nozzle 5 is connected to the supply pipe 6, a pipe 7 for the mixture output connected to the pipe 8. The housing 1 is axially displaceable relative to the pipes 4 and 5 (Fig. 2

for which it has a hermetic seal in the form of a gland 9, which is pressed with the help of bolts 10, and at the end of the neck 3 there is a running thread 11 (rectangular or trapezoidal) connecting it with the nozzle 7.

The device works as follows

From the source, a dosing pump (not shown) is supplied via line 6 and pipe 5 to supply raw materials, such as vegetable oil. At the same time, a reagent, for example an alkali solution, is fed through the metering pump from the source through the nozzle 4.

The pipe 4 is installed coaxially to the pipe 5 so that the original pipe is fed through an annular gap formed by the surfaces of these pipes and the reagent is fed by a cylindrical jet in the same direction.

This combination of streams is caused by the fact that the feedstock and reagent flows in a mass amount are 20-25: 1.

Nozzles 4 and 5 are installed coax. orally conical body 1, and their ends, pushed to the inner conical surface of the body 1, together with the latter form a reaction zone (Fig. 3). Raw materials and reagent under the pressure created by the pump-dose

5 0 5

50

0

five

0

five

tors are fed into the reaction zone, in which they are intensively mixed due to a sharp change in the direction and speed of the flow of slides caused by the reflection of a-. currents of liquids from the inner conical surface of the housing 1. Then the liquid system with a high speed is exhausted through the annular gap between the outer circumference of the pipe 5 and the inner surface of the housing 1. Due to the conical shape of the housing I, the velocity of the liquid system at the inlet from the reaction zone decreases in proportion to the Z value of the flow area. With a drop in the flow rate, with the advancement of the finished liquid system to the flat cover 2 in the housing 1, the mixing is stopped. The turbulent motion enters the laminar regime and the liquid system is ready to flow into the annular gap between the neck 3 and the outer surface of the nozzle 5, and then is withdrawn from the device through the nozzle and pipeline 8. Due to the difference in the quality properties of the raw material, it becomes necessary to change the reaction conditions. Therefore, the device provides for the possibility of changing the geometric parameters of the reaction zone due to axial movement of the housing 1 relative to the pipes 4 and 5. For the throat 3 and the pipe 7 are connected by a running thread. By loosening the bolts 10 by rotating the housing 1, which is integral with the flat cap 2 and the throat 3, axial movement of the housing 1 is caused. The reaction zone, the apex of the inner conical surface of the housing 1, is set at such a distance from the ends of the pipes 4 and 5, that the flow of reagent cannot pass, mine the flow of raw materials. If this distance is short, an emulsion is formed due to large turbulence during displacement, and if it is large, then the reagent is likely to slip.

Thus, there is an optimum which is determined empirically.

The proposed device allows to obtain a more concentrated soap stock (from 12-14 to 20-22%), which reduces the energy consumption for its concentration, as well as the loss of neutral fat from 6-7 to 2-3%.

232676

2

Editor N. Gunko

Compiled by A. Ushakov

Tehred I.Popovich Proofreader I. Muska

Order 2737/27 Circulation 391Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, And

Fig.Z

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR REFINING FATS AND OILS, comprising a housing, a nozzle for supplying a liquid reagent and a discharge nozzle, characterized in that, in order to improve the reaction conditions of the fat or oil and the reagent and providing the possibility of regulating the reaction zone, the housing has a conical shape, a nozzle for supplying reagent is located coaxially. inside the pipe for the supply of fat or oil, the pipes are installed coaxially with the housing, and the latter is mounted with the possibility of axial movement relative to the pipes. c <e V)