SU1229050A1 - Screw of arrangement for treating loose materials - Google Patents

Description

2. The screw according to claim, characterized in that the blades are fixed in a two-way screw groove, which is made on the shaft, with a distance between approaches equal to half the pitch of the screw surface of the screw.

one

The invention relates to chemical engineering, namely to the design of a continuous mixer for bulk fine materials, as well as granular formation masses.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device and the intensification of the process of mixing floating bulk materials.

Fig, I shows a section of the working part of the screw assembly; Fig, 2 auger, view along the axial line of the shaft; in fig. 3 is the same, the cross section of a plane perpendicular to the planes connected on the perimeter of the blades of parallel rows; in fig. 4 — connection of the blades with a single-way gutter; in fig. 5 - the same, with a three-way groove.

The screw of the device for processing bulk materials contains a shaft 1 connected to a rotational drive (not shown) and having helical grooves

2, for example, two-way, and a working helical surface, each made in the form of a row of working blades fixed on the shaft 1 of the working elements

3, having the form of sectors. The sectors are fixed on the pshchek shaft 1 by the apex of the central angle 4 with the formation of windows a between the planes of adjacent blades 3, and the axes of symmetry of the sectors of the blades 3 are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1.

The blades 3 installed along the axis of the shaft 1 are mounted in parallel rows, with the angle oL between the plane of the blade 3 and the axial line of the shaft 1 being the elevation angle of the helix. If the distance between the helical grooves 2 of the shaft 1 is half the helix pitch, the shortest distance between the planes of the blades 3 in one row and equal to / 2 cosoi. This is a

3. Auger on PP. 1 and 2, that is, the fact that the blades are mounted with overlapping edges of the adjacent blades at the screw perimeter are rigidly interconnected.

The standing is one of the parameters required when determining the outer diameter of the chuck.

View of the screw along the centerline of the shaft

(FIG. 2) shows that, for example, in a particular screw design, eight blades 3 are located on a one-turn coil, which, being inserted by the apex of the central angle 4 into the helical groove 2 of shaft I, overlap one another in the section xD S sections 5-7, etc. (Figs. 1 and 2) and there are interconnected blades of 3 parallel rows at the perimeter of the auger, ensuring the creation of a rigid structure. The cross section of the screw with a plane perpendicular to the planes of the blades of 3 parallel rows connected at the perimeter (Fig. 3) shows how the edges of the blades 3 are connected to each other and gives dimensional characteristics that are part of the calculated relationship that determines the outer diameter of the screw and length blades 3. The width of the screw grooves 2 corresponds to the thickness of the blades installed in them 3. The plane of the blade 3 when moving its central edge along the screw groove 2 on one side of the shaft 1 to the opposite one makes a turn of 90. Consequently, between the adjacent blades 3 on the same helical groove 2 a diverging angle is formed,

equal to / n, where n is the number of blades 3 installed at one step of the helix of the shaft 1. At the same time, exactly the same angle, which is already converging, is formed: waiting for the blade 3 plane to be chosen

a row of rows with the nearest planes of the blades of 3 parallel rows located in the adjacent helical grooves 2 of the shaft 1. This makes it possible to choose the length and angle of the blade sector

3 „that the blades are 3 parallel rows

they join at the perimeter with each other i. conditions will be created to connect them, for example, by welding and obtaining a rigid auger design.

Thus, if the blade 3 of the screw has the shape of a sector with an angle at which, if you look at the blades 3 along the axis of the shaft 1, the edges of the blades 3. on the perimeter they touch or even overlap one another, and the length at which the blades of 3 parallel rows at the perimeter join each other, then the diameter D of the screw of a rigid structure should be determined by the following relation: t cos oL

D d

b 2 tgTT / 2n where d is the shaft diameter, m;

t step helix, m;

d - elevation angle in the Shtovaya line

hail;

n is the number of blades on the helix step.

 The length is accordingly determined by the expression Г t coso

4 sin / 2p

As a result of the assembly, a screw is obtained in which only the conditional helical surface of the straight helix can be drawn through the symmetry lines of the blades 3, the actual surface is intermittent, consisting of individual flat blades 3 and having openings between the planes of the adjacent blades 3 in the form of flow See to the perimeter of the angle. 3 parallel rows of blades connected at the perimeter form a kind of new helical surface, also intermittent, but there is a window between the planes of the blades 3 and a corner of the perimeter, and the screw surface itself has a pitch equal to the product of the helix pitch of the shaft 1 to the number of blades 3 installed in this step. The size of the windows is such that the material moved by the auger can freely pass through them.

If, when the device is implemented, the angle of the sector of the blades 3 and its length are less than the required value, i.e. the edges of the blades 3 do not connect around the perimeter, but nevertheless the blades 3 are attached to the shaft 1 reliably enough, even with such a design, the purpose of the invention will be achieved. Just when connecting the edges of adjacent blades.

on the perimeter of the screw, a more durable and rigid structure is obtained.

The screw groove 2 of the shaft can be one-, two-, and three-way (Fig. 3-5),

In all the track cases of the attachment of the blades 3 to the shaft 1 and on the perimeter of the screw at one step of the screw auger, an equal number of blades 3, i.e. the angle between the planes of the blades 3 is the same and equals TT / n. Comparing FIG. 3-5, it can be seen that the diameter D of the screw decreases in proportion to the number of visits of the helical groove 2, and the total number of overhang 3 increases by the number of times.

For the case of a one-way groove (Fig. 4) and the conditions for obtaining the fastening of the blades 3 on the perimeter of the screw, it is necessary to perform long blades 3 with a large sector angle. Such a device has large windows and between the planes of the blades 3 and large working surfaces, used only for mixing the material and is a conventional blade mixer.

Of course, an increase in the number of blades 3 in the helix pitch would reduce window a, but here the angle between the planes of the blades 3 decreases and the diameter of the pinhole significantly increases.

On the other hand, for the case of a three-way groove (Fig. 5), compared with a single-way screw diameter is reduced three times, and the number of blades 3 increases three times. The manufacture of such a construction is greatly complicated not so much because of the execution of the three-way groove 2 on the shaft 1, but rather because of the large number of junction points of the blades 3, both to the shaft I, and on the perimeter of the screw. Moreover, an increase in the diameter of the neck can only be baked by an additional increase in the number of blades 3.

Thus, the variant of the two-screw screw groove 2 of the screw of the proposed construction is optimal from the point of view of simplicity of manufacture and achievement of the goal. With the same sectorial blades 3 of the device, which are formed when connecting, on the perimeter, isosceles triangles (FIG. 3), it is necessary that the two-way screw groove 2 should be made exactly with a half-distance of the helical screw.

The screw device for processing bulk materials works as follows.

The powder material supplied to the inlet end of the screw, while rotating the shaft 1, must move to its unloading end. If in a conventional screw conveyor its screw surface is solid and all material has to move only in one direction, then in the proposed construction the working screw surface consists of separate blades 3 separated by windows, and therefore during rotation of the auger each of the blades 3 is divided into powder the material into two parts, one of which, picked up by the blade 3, moves forward, as in a conventional conveyor, and the other passes through a triangular window and is partially poured onto the subsequent, helical surface , Tra Isportiruyu- conductive another batch of materials. And since the process of dividing the powder material into small parts and joining them again is mixing, the movement of the material from the inlet end of the screw to the unloading one is accompanied by intensive mixing.

The calculated dependences of the sizes of the screw of a rigid construction show that it is possible to make triangular windows. of any size and as in the invention, the powder material moves both forward and partially pouring backwards, and this movement depends on the size of the windows and the angular speed of rotation of the screw, it is experimentally possible to choose a specific screw material that will cause the material to move with necessary speed and both

Jq j d 5

O

D

s.pechit intensive mixing of its components.

The invention, which allows the use of a screw at the same time as a mixer of bulk materials, solves the problem of mixing, for example, finely dispersed materials in a chain of continuous automated chemical production, and the screw device, being isolated from the environment, works without loss of valuable raw materials and pollution. such as harmful

evaporations or particles. I

The screw is easy to manufacture and cheap due to the fact that it consists of simple parts: a cylindrical shaft with screw grooves and flat sectorial blades, and moreover, it can be made of almost any size while maintaining the rigidity of the structure, according to the formulas given.

Primer p. With a shaft diameter d, 20 mm, the helix angle of the helix is taken equal to oL 45 and, therefore, it corresponds to the helix pitch t Ttd, tgoL 62,8 mm. On one helix of one helix, eight blades are fixed, fixed by the central edge of the sector in screw groove 2 of shaft 1 with KpoMKafffi facing the perimeter of the screw, with edges of blades of adjacent rows located in nearby screw grooves 2 of shaft 1. Such fastening and stiffens the construction of the screw and at the same time dictates its outer diameter in accordance with the geometric dependence

,, J, t COSOL

D d. l 2 tg TG / 2p

 135 mm.

FL / g.J

/ JoSepwoc / som som

fig4

Editor M. Blanan

Compiled by L. Koltsova

Tehred N. Bonkalo Proofreader A. Tsk

Order 2407/13 Circulation 640 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 13035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

FIG. five

Claims (3)

1. AUGER OF THE DEVICE FOR PROCESSING OF BULK MATERIALS, containing a shaft connected to a rotation drive, and a working screw surface, which is made in the form of a series of working elements fixed to the shaft, characterized in that, in order to expand the technological capabilities of the device and to intensify the process of displacement of the moving bulk materials, working elements are made in the form of flat blades having the shape of sectors, fixed on the screw shaft with the apex of the central corner of the sector, with the formation of windows between the planes of adjacent blades, and the axis of symmetry of the sectors perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. SU „,, 1229050 2. The screw by π. 1, characterized in that the blades are fixed in a two-way screw groove, which is made on the shaft, with a distance between runs equal to half the pitch of the screw surface of the screw. 3. The screw according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, wherein the blades are mounted with overlapping edges of adjacent blades on the perimeter of the screw and are rigidly interconnected.