SU1220885A1 - Spindle stock - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to machine tools, and can be used in heavy multipurpose machine tools.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the machining accuracy by reducing the orientation error of the spindle position in two mutually perpendicular planes,

Fig. 1 shows the headstock, general view; figure 2 is the same, side view; on fig.Z - section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - section B-Bnafig.1

The spindle headstock 1, mounted on the fixed guides 2 of the base assembly, comprises a spindle 3. The housing of the headstock 1 has closed hydrostatic guides, which in the lower part of the housing consist of a base support 4 and a parallel support 5 parallel to it, and a parallel support it closes; supports 7 located perpendicular to supports 4 and 5.

In the upper part of the housing of the spindle head 1, the closed hydrostatic guides consist of an additional basic support 8, a closing support 9, an auxiliary support 10. The supports 7–9 are provided with adjusting elements made in the form of rigid strips installed in pairs on each support based on corpus, for example, with the help of wedge surfaces.

Adjusting elements 11 and 1.2 are fixed in the closing support 7, fixed in the housing with the help of step compensators 13 and 14 (Fig. 3).

The installation of two pairs of adjusting elements on the additional guides in the upper part of the body of the headstock 1, with their opposing position on the base and closing supports, is caused by the fact that the range of adjustment (reorientation) can be performed within the limits of permissible non-uniformity of working gaps in the base supports 4 and 6 and in the closure supports 5 and 9 when the spindle axis is rotated by angle 1.

The working total gaps in the closed latch of hydrostatic guides, for example, for heavy machines, taking into account the optimum accuracy of processing the guides of the lower base unit and the lack

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The VIA of dry friction in the directions, as well as the rigidity of the hydrostatic layer and oil consumption are selected 100-120 microns, and the minimum working gap 5 is allowed 20-30 microns.

Therefore, dp extending the range of adjusting the spindle axis (angle /) and retaining normal working clearances in supports 8 and 9, taking into account that they are removed from the output end of spindle 3, two pairs of adjusting elements are installed that allow the upper part of the spindle headstock to move 1, maintaining the required thickness of the hydrostatic layer in the supports of the guides.

Elements 8 and 15, fixed by compensators 17 and 18, are mounted in support 8, and elements 19 and 20, fixed by compensators 21 and 22, are fixed in support 9 (figure 4).

Bearing 6, including adjustment elements 11,12,15,16,19,20, is provided with carrying pockets 23, the number and size of which are selected depending on the size of the nodes and the load they perceive.

The auxiliary support 10 serves to unload the mass of the spindle head onto the fixed guide of the base assembly, for which unloading mechanisms 24 are provided on it. The carrying pockets 23 are connected hydro30

lines with a pump-type lubrication system (not shown).

The adjustment of the spindle axis in two mutually perpendicular planes is as follows.

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The headstock 1 is mounted on the stationary guides 2 of the base assembly of the spindle head partly or completely by means of the unloading mechanisms 24. At the same time, when its mass is completely unloaded, there will be no gap in the basic support 6, and if partial, there is a gap hj (figs, 2 and 3), the gaps b and h are zero, i.e. spindle head 1 is supported by adjusting elements 11 and 12 on guide 2 of the base assembly.

If the mass of the spindle head is completely unloaded, then the gap hj in the base support 6 is equal to zero, the mass of the spindle head 1 is fully perceived by the support 10, and the gaps h f and h in the closing support 7 have some sort of origin.

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The Smaeki system is turned on and the yYYYYYY oil is pressure fed into the bearing pockets of the hydrostatic guides 23. In this case, the spindle head I is installed in a certain way on the guides of the base assembly 2.

Since closed hydrostatic guides are used, alignment (averaging) of working gaps in the base and closing supports occurs. In this position, the actual position of the spindle axis in two mutually perpendicular planes, angles oi and y are measured (Figs. 1 and 2).

The adjustment of the spindle axis in the dowel, parallel to the working surface of the base support 4 (angle od), is carried out using adjustment elements 11 and 12, which move in the direction of the hydrostatic layer in order to increase or decrease it, i.e. the values of the working clearances h, h2, h (Fig. 3) vary.

Reorientation of the spindle head occurs in the direction of a larger gap, for example, if the working clearances h, hj, h are the same, and the spindle axis 3 headstock needs to be reoriented with a back-turn at some angle oi to the left (FIG. 3), then the gap h (makes more the gap h. In this case, the gap h automatically changes and becomes variable along the length of the guide with increasing towards the larger gap hj.

If it is necessary to rotate the spindle axis at a certain angle p to the right, it is necessary to increase the gap h and reduce hj, while the gap h will be uneven with increasing towards the larger gap hg.

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The working clearances b and hj will also be uneven along the length of the adjustable elements 11 and 12. In those pockets where the clearances are greater, the oil consumption is also larger, which is taken into account when selecting pumps in terms of capacity.

After the orientation of the axis of the spindle 3 adjusting elements 11 and 12 fit the compensators 13 and 14 and fix them elements 11 and 12.

The adjustment of the spindle axis in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the base supports (angle ft) is carried out using adjustment elements. 15, 16, 19 and 20.

Moreover, if after measuring the actual position of the spindle axis (angle /) it turns out that the spindle axis at its instrumental side needs to be moved forward, then the upper part of the body must be shifted back by the value about (figure 4), for which elements 19 and 16 shift to the left i and elements 15 and 20 to the right and fix them.

After supplying the pressurized oil to the pockets 23, the working clearances are aligned in the supports 8 and 9 and have the same value h, and the axis of the spindle 3 assumes the predetermined position. When relieving pressure, the headstock reorients.

Taking into account the features of the spindle head having closed hydrostatic guides and adjusting elements on them, it is possible in the automatic cycle to give it two stable positions, one with hydrostatics turned on and the second without it.

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Compiled by V.Panfilov I.Casard Editor Tehred I.Veres M.Samborska Proofreader

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Filial PPP Patent, g, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Claims (1)

A SPINDLE BASK, the casing of which is equipped with supports located in the drive and tool eons of the spindle, the first of which are intended to be covered in the vertical and the second in the horizontal planes of the base rails and contain control elements that determine the position of the axis of the spindle, characterized in that, for the purpose of increasing the accuracy of processing by reducing the error of orientation of the spindle position in two mutually perpendicular planes, the control elements are made in the form of strips equipped with a hydrostate pockets, and the control elements in the supports of the spindle drive zone are installed on both sides, and in the tool room on one side relative to the base rails, while the control elements of each support are designed to change the position of the spindle axis in a vertical plane perpendicular to the surface of the supports carrying these elements . -SU 1220885> Figure 1