SU1216051A1 - Articulated vehicle for transporting lengthy freight - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a specialized automobile transport, in particular to road trains - timber trucks.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and improve performance.

.Fig 1, a schematic representation of a road train, a general view; figure 2 - the elastic element, the working position; on fig.Z - the same, non-working position; Fig. 4 shows the hinge fastening of the guide on the frame of the trailer-release, section A-A in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows a kinematic diagram of a train.

Technological equipment is installed on the frame of 1 ton. The equipment includes a cabin guard 2 (it is also a stand) with a lock 3 and the supporting elements, in this case supporting platforms 4. The frame 5 of the trailer is connected to the chassis (frame) of 1 ton of gauge through , for example, folding dpl. The latter has interconnecting hinges 6 front 7 and rear 8 beams. The front 7 beam through a hinged frame 9 with hinges 10 is connected with a frame of 1 ton gacha.

The axes 11 of the frame 5 of the trailer-release are equipped with balancers 12, which are pivotally connected to the front 13 and rear 14 axles of the trailer-release.

The balancers 12, in combination with axles 13 and 14, constitute the balancing carriage of the trailer-release.

Elastic elements, for example springs 15, are fastened, for example, to sulfur 16 and fingers 17 on the shoulders of the balance trolley, i.e. sections of the balancers 12 from irx axis of rotation 11 to axes 13 and 14 or pas axes 13 and 14 themselves. In this case, for installation from the front axle 13, elastic elements working in compression are chosen, and from the rear axis 14 in tension. It is also possible to simultaneously install elastic elements from both the front 13 and the rear axles of the trailer-dissolution.

On the springs 15 along the axes of their body, the sliders are fixedly mounted, for example, the rods 18. On the frame 5 of the trailer-release, 20 are guided on the hinges 19, for example, bushings. The rods 18 are installed with the possibility of longitudinal re.

216051

The sleeves in the bushes 20. On the frame 5 of the trailer dissolution or on the tracks 20, besides, stops 21 are installed, and on the rods 18 - 5 travel stops interacting with these stops, for example washers 22. In the proposed case, the role of the stop 21 can the end of the sleeve 20.

The distance "5" (fig. 3) between the stops 21 and the limiters 22 can be determined by the cosine theorem. From the triangle OBD (FIG. 5), the side BD is determined:

Bd

 R

 cosp

From the OBF triangle, find the BF side:

BF e 2h cos (+ o ().

The difference between the side of the BF and the BD is the iscomma value.

8 BF-BD cos (M)

- i 2er cosp,

where P is the distance along the straight line between the axis of rotation of the balance trolley and the point of installation of the elastic element on it; d is the distance along the straight line between the axis of rotation of the balancer trolley and the axis of the rail hinged on the trailer-release frame; o (- the maximum angle of deviation of the balance trolley shoulders from the horizontal, for most of the existing distribution trailers, it is 22 degrees;

P is the angle between the straight lines connecting the axis of rotation of the balance trolley with the point of installation of the elastic element on it and the axis of the hinged fastening of the guide on the frame of the trailer-release. The elastic element is assigned the function of removing negative force effects on the chassis and gacha from the side transported on it by the trailer dissolution. Performing this function, the elastic element should not degrade, but should contribute to the smoothness of the train. In this connection, it is selected from the conditions for ensuring such smoothness.

The sprung dissolution, immersed per ton-hg, plays the role of a dynamic oscillation damper in the case when its own oscillation frequency on the elastic element C is equal to the natural oscillation frequency of the whole gravitational pull on the rear suspension (spring element, for example, spring Cf) mass t gacha, i.e. equality must hold

J 2C / 2C sin X -CK + e)

  Mg to -Mr.

l h ...

de Cf is the stiffness of the elastic element, for example, the springs of the rear suspension and gacha;

C is the stiffness of the elastic element of dissolution;

Mj. mass t gacha, coming from the rear suspension t gacha;

K is the distance along the straight line between the axis of rotation 11 of the balancing carriage and the axis 13 of the front wheels of the dissolution;

e is the distance along the straight line between the axis 11 of rotation of the balancing carriage and the finger 17 of the elastic element mounted on it;

 Y is the angle between the axis of stiffness of the spring, and the straight line connecting the axis 11 of rotation of the balancer with the finger 17 of the elastic element installed on it;

Mr is a sprung mass-dissolution mass, which is determined from the expression:

one

Mr-MP-MO-MK-MI - 2 g &.

where Mr - the mass of the trailer dissolution;

MO is the mass of the front axle 13 of dissolution;

M | - the mass of the wheels of the front axle 13 dissolution;

 the mass of the beam 7 trailer-dissolution;

MjQ is the mass of the beam 8 of the trailer dissolution.

The calculation takes into account XMg & since it is assumed that the other half of this mass is transmitted to the chassis frame through the hinge 6 and the strut 2.

216051

From the above equation, an expression is found to determine the spring stiffness

g - f - 5 M, i.-sint (K-t-e)

During the period of operation, when the trailer position is immersed on the chassis t of the trailer, the dissolution is supported by the wheels of the front axle 13 on the supporting platforms A. The front beam 7 moves through the hinge 10 and is fixed to the chassis of 1 ton gacha by means of the lock 3. Frame 5 trailer-dissolution from the rear

.- beam 8 has the ability to rotate relative to the hinge 6, and balancers 12 about the front axle 13 of the trailer-dissolution, while the balancers. 1 2 through the axis 11, the movement - but connected to the frame 5 of the trailer-release. The rotation of the coupled elements of the trailer-dissolution around different centers leads to an angular displacement of the balancers 12 relative to

-, frame 5 trailer dissolution. Under the force of gravity of the trailer-release, the balancers 12 rotate relative to the frame 5 of the trailer-release clockwise, this rotation takes place until the limiters 22 of the stroke of the slide 18 do not interact with the stops 21 and the spring 15 creates the necessary force that balances the force t Tin trailer-dissolution.

35 When transported by road train, the woods with the aim of increasing the durability of the springs 15 are turned off. This is achieved by the fact that in the horizontal position the balances 0 ditch 12 between the limit stops 22 of the slide 18 and the stops 21 provide clearances S. In the course of dB of the road train on road unevenness, the balance weights 12 rotate relative to the trailer frame 5 on the axle 11. So As the springs 15 are connected through hinges 12 by means of the earrings 16 and the fingers 17, they also move with the

50 balancers 12. The slider 18 moves relative to the sleeves 20, however, the springs 15 do not work, as the travel stops 22 of the slide 18 do not interact 30

55 yut with stops 21.

Rig. 2

18

VNIIPI Order 949/22 Circulation 648 Subscription Branch of PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4

Claims (2)

1. A TRAIN TRANSPORTATION FOR TRANSPORTATION OF LONG-DIMENSIONAL GTUZES, comprising a tractor with supporting elements fixed to its frame and connected to the tractor chassis by a drawbar with a balancing trolley mounted with the possibility of supporting its front tracks on supporting elements and elastic elements, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability and improve operational characteristics, elastic elements are installed between the shoulders of the balancing trolley and the frame of the trailer-dissolution. 2. The road train according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides on the stop sliders and the guides are pivotally mounted on the trailer-dissolution frame, in which the sliders with stops are movably mounted, the maximum distance between the latter and the guides is determined by the following dependencies: <? = ^ ² + r ² -t £ vcos (| 3 + Q (.) - lie ¹ + r ¹ -'2ercosp, where I is the distance between the axis of rotation of the balancing trolley and the installation point of the elastic element on it; (h is the distance between the axis of rotation of the balancing trolley and the axis of articulation of the guide on the dissolution frame ί C (is the maximum angle of deviation of the trolley’s shoulders from the horizontal; β is the angle between the straight lines connecting the axis of rotation .. of the balancing trolley with the installation point of the elastic element on it and the axis of articulation of the guide FIG. 1 „SU., .. 1216051