SU1214783A1 - Solution for copper plating of steel surface in case of working by plastic deforming - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the combined finishing and hardening treatment by plastic deformation with the application of copper-containing coatings on the surfaces of machine parts and devices.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the surface microhardness and reduce its roughness, as well as reduce wear of the deforming tool.

The proposed solution is used as follows.

The solution is applied to the surface to be treated. On the surface there is contact suction of copper. After 20-60 s, plastic deformation is performed. The components in the composition of the proposed solution themselves are effective lubricating and dispersing and cooling agents, and the solution of these substances used as a coolant (coolant fluid), combining the properties of ingredients, reduces surface energy and facilitates plastic deformation of the - metal, helps to remove the oxide film and desorption of organic compounds. At the same time, the impact of the screed tool and the mortar on the surface being treated is maximally combined in time and localized in the space. Intensively oca ida ec from a solution of a pasted plastically deformable steel surface, the copper coating is capable of separating (shielding) rubbing bodies (deforming tool and workpiece), protecting them from direct contact, while it has a low specific resistance to shear, maximally absorbs friction heat, limiting heating of interacting surfaces with only permissible temperatures, increases the vibration resistance of the tool. When processing by the method of diamond smoothing, the separator pl NCA copper also prevents vyglazhivatep on the working surface of the process of graphitization and dissolution of diamond in the material being treated, which occur at temperatures sranitelnye small friction conditions in the presence of kata

LYZA LIKE and NICKEL type. The presence of water in the solution contributes to a more complete dissociation of copper chloride and acids, which intensifies

contact exchange. Anthracilic and stearic acids contribute to the dissolution of oxide films and the preliminary activation of steel surface. To use strong mineral acids such as hydrochloric in this case is not possible 5 because their introduction dramatically increases the rate of contact exchange, which leads to the precipitation of copper powder,

Stearic acid promotes the formation of solid organic films on contacting surfaces (deforming tool and metal to be treated),

possessing antiwear properties. The colloidal particles of molybdenum disulfide, precipitated on the surface of the metal being treated and retained in the pores of the copper coating deposited from the solution, fall into the deformation zone5 where the modified anti-friction effect is formed under high loads and temperatures.

ny layer. Possessing a positive

electrically potential molyb disulfide particles suspended in solution. This also plays the role of crystallization centers and the formation of a composite copper sulphide-molybdenum coating. The introduction of acetamide contributes to the dissolution of oxide films on the surface of the workpiece, which reduces the induction period before the deposition of the copper coating. The addition of urea contributes to the deposition of a more compact and smooth copper coating. In addition, the introduction of ace, tamed, urea, and stearic acid into the solution contributes to the retention of electrolyte in the zone of contact of the diamond smoother with the surface of the part, the formation of durable polymer films on the working surface of the diamond tool, and also ensures the mutual enhancement of the properties of these components, which increase the electrolyte's effectiveness as a coolant. Chloride solution concentration

the copper should be sufficient to form an enveloped film of copper on the steel surface, i.e. not less than 4%, upon reaching a concentration

3

salt 10% solution under normal conditions becomes the most valuable, the dissolution of copper chloride in it stops. The introduction of copper chloride into the solution leads to the process of hydrolysis of this salt, which provides a sufficient amount of hydrogen ionon to increase the rate of surface activation of the steel part to be treated. Acetamide and urea included in the solution also contribute to the more rapid dissolution of oxide films on the surface of steel parts. Moreover, the surface activation rate is increased in the presence of copper chloride in connection with the anodic polarization of the steel base due to the operation of the copper-iron galvanic couple. The presence of acetamide and urea in solution contributes to the precipitation of a dense and compact sediment of copper. The concentration of acetamide to support a high level of acti - gnost solution should be not less than 4% from urea 0.5%. When the acetacid concentration reaches 10%, the solution becomes saturated under normal conditions. For urea to exhibit its complexing properties for copper ions and corrosion inhibitor properties, 1% of it is sufficient. A content of less than 1% in molybdenum disulfide does not provide an effective manifestation of its positive electrolyte properties, and the content of these particles in a solution of more than 10% sharply impairs the adherence of the coating to the substrate, making the coating loose and not resistant to the mechanical effect of the diamond smoother. The introduction of anthranilic acid also contributes to the precipitation of a dense and compact sediment of copper, since this acid exhibits complexing properties with respect to copper ions and increases cathode polarization during their recovery. When the content of anthranilic acid is below 5%, the cathode polarization of the recovery of copper ions is very small. The upper limit of its content (10%) is associated with obtaining a saturated solution. Stearic acid increases the buffer properties of the solution, which ensures sufficient activity of the surface of the parts, and also helps to keep particles of molybdenum disulfide in the contact zone of the deforming tool

47834

with surface to be treated. To perform these functions, stearic acid must be at least 0.5%. Upper limit of content

 (2.0%) is associated with its low solubility. An excess of insoluble stearic K; {slots is also a positive quality for the electrolyte, since it can additionally absorb friction heat by melting this acid. A significant increase in the rate of sedimentation of the coating takes place when the content of water in the solution reaches 2%. With

5 content in the solution of water more

20% sharply weakens adhesion - sediment with the base of the briskly sharply increasing rate of contact exchange, 1, enriched in copper powder and

0 steel stripping.

We offer a solution prepared by dissolving the required amount of copper chloride in an appropriate amount of water. The resulting solution is heated to 60-80 ° C and the calculated amount of acetamide, urea, glycerol, and tranilic and stearmic acids and colloidal

- molybdenum disulfide. The solution is immediately ready for use.

Tests of the proposed method were carried out in laboratory conditions. To assess the durability of the diamond smoother and the quality of the surface to be treated, tests were performed on smoothing ground 45 steel in the hardened state (HV 580) using diamond tips ARP 4 synthetic diamond with a radius of 1.5 mm. A smoothing rate of 100 m / min, a feed of 0.04 mm / rev, a force of 120 N. Solutions for the copper plating of steel, the compositions of which are listed in Table 1, were applied to the treatment zone.

5 drip way. During the tests for a period of 20 hours, the volume W of the worn-out part of the smoother, the roughness HdI and the microhardness of the treated surface Nc were determined.

0 The roughness parameter of the smoothed surface Up. were found using a profilometer profiler, and the microhardness H | (l was measured on a PMT-3 instrument with a load on the indicator

5 0.981 N, holding time 5 s. The test results are shown in table 1.

 Table 2 presents data comparing the positive effect.

five

512147836

the proposed solution of the solution-solution. copper plating steel

prototype provides improved quality data comparison table. f and 2, working and reducing wear deforms allowing us to conclude that the proposed f-tool is being used.

ten

ten

ten

10 - 10

t a b l i a a one

table 2

eating.40

-.-

.

0.1460280,120

0.1859900,178

0.1759870,182

0.1759940.175

0.1660100,149

0.1560080.143

10 10

ten

eight

9

 Continuation of table 2

- “and OJ56005-0,144

,, 1460160,131

..0.1460220,127

, 1560180, t33

7, 1460190,126

Claims (3)

SOLUTION-FOR COATING A STEEL SURFACE WHEN PROCESSING BY PLASTIC DEFORMATION, predominantly diamond-coated, containing copper chloride, organic acid, water and glycerin, characterized in that, in order to increase the microhardness of the surface and reduce its roughness, as well as reduce it additionally, deformation wear contains molybdenum disulfide, acetamide, urea, and as an organic acid 5-10 0.5-2 2-20 anthranilic acid in combination with stearic acid in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Copper Chloride, Anthranilic Acid Stearic acid Water Molybdenum disulfide Acetamide Urea Glycerol Sz 1-10 4-10 0.5-1.0 Else