SU1214084A1 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to optomechanical instrument making, specifically to endoscopy, and can be used to examine objects in hard-to-reach cavities with the ability to determine the size of defects and the distance from the device to the defect.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the time of detection of defects while simultaneously measuring the size of the latter,

Fig. 1 shows the endoscope, a general view, Fig. 2 shows the optical scheme of the endoscope I in Fig. 3, the vi, the field of view of the endoscope;

The endoscope contains a working optical system 2 and 3 of the formiruz ™ image, which is represented by the base lens and the viewfinder lens, the illumination channel 4 and the immersed tube 5 opposite to the working part 6s, the external light guide 7 and the illuminator 8

The optical system (FIG. 2) of the endoscope contains two optical information channels 9 and 10, respectively, optical measuring elements 11 and 12, and a wide-angle eye 13. Optical system 3 for imaging 5 optical channel 10 for transmitting information, measuring element 12 and a wide-angle eye 13 form the endoscope viewfinder. At the same time, the image transmission channel and the optical systems of shaping the image are located in such a way that their optical axes are displaced relative to each other by the angle Cf determined by the ratio

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arctg - 5 qi with arctg -.,,

where S. and Sg are the minimum and maximum distances of sight between the entrance pupils of the lenses

f is the optical base of the imaging system,

All optical elements are installed in the housing 14,

The endoscope works as follows.

The external light guide 7 is connected at one end to the illuminator 8, the second end to the opposite side.

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Whose part 6. The illuminator 8 is turned on and the immersed tube 5 is inserted inside the cavity under study. At first, the cavity is considered by the optical

5 of the imaging system 3 and the optical information supply channel 10, an eye piece 13 and measuring elements 11 and 12, since the optical imaging system is set to constant focusing and with the same sharpness transmits images of objects within the cavity to x from near to far

S5 sighting plans, as well as having a field of view angle greater than the optical imaging system 2,

When a defect is detected by means of the imaging optical system 2, the image (the linear field of view of which is aligned with the linear field of view of the lens) is focused on the defect and is carried out

25 is a detailed inspection, since the magnification of the optical system 2 of the image formation is larger than that of the optical system 3 of the image formation.

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The dimensions of the defect and the distance to the defect are measured using a parallax triangle, one side of which is equal to the base distance f, and the angle Cf is equal to

The angle between the optical axes of the optical systems 2 and 3 is imaged and is chosen from the ratio

 arctg - etf fc arctg -. 2

Accordingly, the intersection point of the optical axes is determined by the values

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Sg 1 / tgif; S j. f / sincf.

If the observed defect is at the intersection point of the optical

50 axes, its image coincides with the centers of the crosshairs of the measuring elements 11 and 12. If the defect is closer or further than the intersection point of the optical axes, then its

The 5S image is shifted relative to the cross over of any measuring element, for example 12, provided that this defect is in

the center of the second cross, for example, the measuring element 11.

To determine the size of the defects or determine the distance from the optical system 2 of the formation of the image to the defect, the image of the defect is set to the center of the intersection of the measuring element 11, and the offset t j E is determined from the grid of the measuring element 12

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along the X axis. The displacement i d is proportional to the distance, which is determined either by the solution of the parallax triangle, or according to the previously compiled tabular data or nomograms.

The design of this endoscope makes it possible to increase the efficiency of detecting defects while simultaneously determining their size.

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Compiled by V.Melnikov Editor T.Petrova Tehred A.Nabinets Corrector O.Lugova

Order 811/5 Circulation 659Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Branch ShSh Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4

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Claims (1)

An ENDOSCOPE containing a housing, inside of which there is an optical imaging system, an optical image transmission channel, a backlight channel, an eyepiece and an illuminator, characterized in that, in order to reduce the detection time of defects while measuring the size of the latter, it is equipped with an additional optical formation system images with an optical image transmission channel and measuring elements, the latter being located between the eyepiece and the outputs of the primary and secondary optical image x transmission channels and optical imaging systems are arranged so that their optical axes are offset relative to one another by an angle q, defined by the relation with the minimum and maxi- mally ® sight distance between the entrance pupil of the lens, respectively; optical base of the imaging system. where 5, and 5 ₂ fWTns t