SU1205172A1 - Device for training percussion - Google Patents

Abstract

The selection allows you to expand the didactic capabilities of the percussion training device. The body contains a percussion sensor - an electronic microphone 3, and light indicators 4,5,6. The microphone 10 is connected in series with the amplifier 10 and the driver 11 pulses, to the output of which, through variable resistors 12, the threshold elements 13 are connected according to the number of indicators 4,5,6. The sensor body has a holder in the form of an elastic bracket. 1 hp ff, 4 ill. (L to

Description

one

The invention relates to medivdn and medical pedagogy, namely to simulators for teaching percussion techniques.

The aim of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device.

Figure 1 presents the device a General view; in fig. 2 - construction of the Cherkassy sensor; Fig, 3 is a block diagram of the device; on. FIG. 4 electrical device diagram.

The percussion training device is made in the form of case 1, inside of which, on the side adjacent to the chest surface with acoustic hole -2, there is a percussion percussion sensor - Electret microphone 3. On the upper side there are three indicator LEDs 4.5 and 6. Connect - the wires of the flexible cable 7 are connected to the housing 8 of the electronic unit. The sensor body 1 is attached to the finger-sensor using the elastic bracket 9. The electronic part of the device contains an amplifier 10 connected in series to the microphone 3 and 11 pulses formed, to the output of which threshold elements 13 are connected via variable resistors 12 Indicators 4,5,6. Resistors 2 regulate the threshold of the elements 13.

The device works as follows.

The percussion signals of the electric microphone 3 are converted into electrical low-frequency signals, which are fed to the amplifier 10 assembled on the microcircuit. max A 1.1, A 1.2. The cutoff frequency of the amplifier filters is 30 Hz. The signals amplified to the level of 2.5-3 V are fed to the pulse shaper 11, built on the logic element D 1.1. The generated electrical pulses through the descriptors resistors 12 are fed to electronic switches 13, composed of logical elements L 1.1 - D 1.4 and L 2.1 - O 3.3. The subscript resistors 12 set the threshold for each key 13 associated with the corresponding indicator 4.5 or 6.

A percussion training apparatus is used as follows.

5 0 5 o

five

0

five

0

five

722

The housing of the electronic unit 8 is placed in the breast pocket of the doctor. Sensor 1 is connected to it by means of a flexible cable 7. The sensor is fixed on the finger-gauge using a special fastening 9. Depending on the goal, the student works out the various elements of the finger-finger method of percussion of the chest organs.

Example 1. Testing the SRSHA and the uniformity of percussion impact with the quietest, quiet, loud percussion of the lungs.

In the practical work of the pediatrician, depending on the age of the child, three types of lung percussion are used:

tishaysha - for children 1-3 years old;

quiet - for children 3-12 years;

loud - for older school children and adults.

When teaching the quietest percussion, the instructors over the area of the lungs strike the finger-padmeter with the force at which one LED 4 lights up, then repeats the blows repeatedly, supporting the ignition of this LED, works out the force of the percussion blow and remembers the percussion sound corresponding to the dormant lung sound.

For a quiet percussion, the force of a percussion strike increases so that two LEDs 4 and 5 light up. Repeating and learning repeatedly work out the strength and uniformity of a percussion shock during a quiet percussion, it remembers the sound.

For hands-free percussion, the force of a percussion strike increases to such an extent that all three LEDs 4,5,6 light up. And on this type of percussion, the strength and uniformity of the percussion stroke is worked out, the sound is remembered.

Thus, supporting the burning of the corresponding light diodes, the learner easily chooses and works out the completely objectively necessary strength and uniformity of the impact on the finger-plysimeter and remembers the normal distinct logical sound with various types of lung percussion.

EXAMPLE 2. Developing the determination of the relative and absolute dullness of the borders of the heart.

31

It is known that, from an acoustic point of view, the heart is a dense airless body, over which a dull sound occurs during percussion. The difference between a clear pulmonary sound and a blunt one makes it possible to determine the absolute border of the heart. The true relative) border of the heart is located more deeply, there are lungs between them, so the percussion sound, when moving from the light to the heart, is above the place where the edge of the heart lies, changes from a distinct pulmonary to a dull. The choice of the force of impact and the determination of the transition of a clear lung sound to dull and dull is a matter of experience, in connection with which for a beginner the determination of relative dullness is the most difficult.

The invention facilitates the task of determining the transition of a distinct lung sound to a dull and dull to dull, i.e. makes objectivity in the definition of relative-. Noah and absolute boundaries of the heart. When determining the boundaries of the heart, it is used in children - it is quiet, in adults - loud percussion. With a quiet percussion of the lungs, a clear pulmonary sound is recorded by the ignition of two light-diodes 4.5, while moving towards the heart over the dull area (relative border of the heart), one of them dies out 5, and over the dull sound (absolute border) fade both.

72J

With loud percussion, respectively, three LEDs 4,5,6; over the blunted area one of them decays; over the area with absolute dullness all LEDs fade.

The invention makes it possible to accurately register, within the existing types of percussion, changes in percussion sound, as well as simultaneously work out the percussion technique and sensory perception of percussion sound under the control of an electronic system.

Claims (2)

1. A device for training percussion, containing a percussion sensor placed in a housing, made as a microphone, and a light indicator, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic possibilities, it contains additional light indicators, threshold elements according to the number of light indicators and an amplifier and pulse generator connected in series, the sensor being electrically connected to the amplifier, and each of the light indicators through the corresponding threshold element is associated with the output of the pulse generator. 2. The device is pop ,, which is distinguished by the fact that the sensor body is provided with a holder made in the form of an elastic bracket. 1 Editor M.Kelemes Fig.Z Compiled by V. Tyurkin Tehred T. Tulik 8531/52 Circulation 45J - Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Branch ShSh Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4 456 Proofreader A. T sko