SU1198767A1 - Polyphase electrode water heater - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for electrode heating of conductive liquids by passing an electric current through them, and can be used mainly in a hot water supply system with an open wall of water from $ I1 * g *>

. · The purpose of the invention is to increase the KP ^, water heater and reduce its meth; Al.capacity, \

FIG. 1 ‘water heater design, longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

The heater includes a housing 1 with a removable cover 2, a water supply 3 and a drainage 4 nozzles installed in the center of the bottom of the housing 1 and the cover 2. Through the cover 2, current leads 6 connected to the electrodes 7 are passed through the insulators 5 and connected to the electrodes 7. The housing 1 is divided; inside the horizontal partition 8 into two chambers. In the lower chamber 9, electrodes 7 are installed, made in the form of curvilinear plane-parallel surfaces starting from the center, for example, in the form of an Archimedes spiral. The partition 8 repeats in plan the configuration of the common perimeter of the outer end parts of the electrodes 7 and forms, together with the side wall of the housing, a slot 10. In the partition there is a central hole 11, c. The insulating pipe 12 is inserted, connected to the water supply pipe 3 by the bottom end. The upper end, located in the central part of the upper chamber 13, is plugged and there are holes 14 on the side wall. The diameter of the insulating pipe 12 is smaller than the diameter of the central opening 11 of the partition 8 due to what is the gap 15, through which water flows from the upper chamber 13 into the lower chamber 9.

The water heater works as follows.

After the water enters the water heater, voltage is applied to the electrodes. The water in the lower chamber 9 gradually heats up and enters through the slit 10 into the upper chamber 13, as it is displaced by water with a lower temperature entering the lower chamber 9 through the slit 15. The heated water mixes

coming into the upper chamber 13 through the electrically insulating pipe 12 with cold running water, as a result of which in the central part of the chamber 13 a mixed water zone is formed, the temperature of which is much higher than the temperature of cold water.

Part of the mixed water is discharged through the drainage pipe 4, and the remainder is lowered into the lower chamber 9 through the slot 15, displacing the heated water from the lower chamber 9 into the upper chamber 13 through the slot 10. Since the temperature of the water entering the interelectrode space the water heater develops a higher power, causing more intense heating of water in the Lower chamber 9, which, in turn, entering the upper chamber 13 through the slit 10 and mixing with cold water, forms a zone of mixed water with a higher temperature.

The process of continuous increase in the temperature of the mixed water entering the interelectrode space, and, accordingly, the growth of power continues during a certain transitional period. At steady state, the temperature of the mixed water, and, accordingly, the power take specific values corresponding to a given flow of cold water. Moreover, the average temperature of the water circulating in the interelectrode space is significantly higher than the average temperature of cold water flowing directly into the inter-electrode space. Due to the creation of an increased temperature regime in the interelectrode space, a significant increase in power is achieved without an additional increase in the working surface of the electrodes, and, consequently, their metal consumption.

The geometry of the electrodes has a significant influence on the intensity of water circulation. Electrodes made, for example, in the form of an Archimedes spiral, not only ensure the normal circulation of water in the chambers, but also more efficient use of the electrode surface and the working volume of the device. As follows from figure 2, for heating water in addition to the inner surface of the electrode is used and

1198767

a significant part (about 50%) of its outer surface interacting with the inner surface of the electrode of another phase, as well as the remaining outer part interacting with the body, and therefore the specific metal consumption per unit heater power is significantly reduced. Spiral electrodes more rationally occupy the working volume of the device, θ solutions, which reduces its dimensions / and, consequently, the metal consumption.

The reliability of the proposed water heater is achieved by a significant reduction in the temperature difference of the water in the interelectrode space.

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as a result of the creation in it of an elevated temperature regime, which makes it possible to reduce the degree of uneven distribution of the current density over the surface of the electrodes.

Thus, the invention makes it possible to increase the power and, accordingly, the capacity (almost 2 times) of the water heater per unit of consumed materials and thereby increase its efficiency. In addition, the reliability of the water heater is significantly improved.

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Claims (1)

MULTI-PHASE ELECTRODE WATER HEATER, containing a cylindrical body with a lid and water inlet and outlet connections installed inside the body with an annular gap a horizontal partition dividing! two camera housing and at least two electrodes located in the lower chamber, about the fact that, in order to increase. KPD water heating-. the body and electrodes are made in the form of identical curvilinear plates in the shape of an Archimedes spiral and installed with equal displacement relative to each other along the perimeter, a through hole is made in the center of the partition, the outer profile of the partition is made of a variable profile , and ledges connecting these areas in the masses of the beginning of each of the electrodes, and the water heater is equipped with an electrical insulating tube, passing with a gap through the hole TIFA in the wall and connected to a pipe entering the water. 511 „„ 1198767 1лпвЗно »Md Sndsychaya / gAg Mmyatd "ί · α Λ * / 1198767