RU2075701C1 - Liquid electrode heater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat-power engineering; hot water supply systems and heating systems. SUBSTANCE: electrode heater has electrode plates connected with supply cord, dielectric plates with labyrinth passage for liquid and heating chamber. Specific feature of heater is introduction of heating chamber with dielectric plates mounted at its inlet and outlet; dielectric plates are provided with labyrinth passages. Axes of inlet and outlet holes of chamber are shifted relative to each other. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The proposal relates to heat engineering and can be used in water heater and heating systems.

A device for electric water heating, containing a power cord, a detachable housing, between the parts of which a sleeve is installed. On the opposite sides of the sleeve there is a labyrinth channel, and the electric heater is made in the form of electrode plates located on the periphery of the channel on both sides of the sleeve and connected to the power cord [1]
The described water heater is used both for heating running water and for heating water in containers. In the latter case, the lower part of the housing is removed and the sleeve with electrode plates is immersed in water. Since the plates in this case have direct contact with water in the container, the water is exposed to life-threatening stress. The lack of electrical safety is a disadvantage of the device.

 When heating running water, the known device also has the disadvantage of low heating efficiency due to the fact that the device has the ability to control the area of the electrode plates or the distance between them - the parameters on which the water temperature depends. If the water pressure in the line is small, then the water in the device can reach a boil.

 This drawback limits the use of the device, for example, for washing dishes and as a shower, as well as in a wide range of salinity (electrical conductivity) of water.

 The aim of the proposal is to increase the electrical safety and efficiency of the heater and expand its capabilities.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the electrode heater containing electrode plates connected to the power cord and dielectric plates with a labyrinth channel for liquid, a heating chamber is introduced, at the input and output of which are mentioned plates with a labyrinth channel, and electronic plates are installed inside the chamber . Moreover, the device has the ability to change the distance between the electrode plates by connecting the power cord to the corresponding pair of electrode plates.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed electrode fluid heater; figure 2 and 3 sections along the lines aa and bb in figure 1.

 The electrode heater contains: dielectric plates 1 and 2 with a labyrinth channel 3 for liquid, a heating chamber 4, inside which are installed electrode plates 5 connected to the power cord 6.

 The heating chamber 4 has a first 7 (input) and second 8 (output) openings that are connected to the labyrinth channel 3 of the dielectric plates 1 (2) installed at the inlet and outlet of the chamber 4. Moreover, the axis of the openings 7 and 8 are offset relative to each other , and the first hole 7 is raised above the base of the chamber 4 (the inlet and outlet openings are conditionally named).

 Channel 3 is made in the form of a relief on a flat surface of plates 1 and 2, and at one end of the relief channel 3 goes to the opposite side (in plate 1 at the beginning of the relief, in plate 2 at the end).

 The number of plates 1 (2) installed on each side of the heating chamber 4 is determined by the cross section and the required length of the channel 3, as well as the electrical conductivity of the heated fluid from relation (1).

(1)
где l необходимая длина канала 3 со стороны входа (выхода) камеры 4;
S сечение канала 3;
ρ удельное электрическое сопротивление подогреваемой жидкости;
U напряжение электропитания;
I_доп. максимально допустимая по безопасности величина тока, исключающая поражение человека.

(one)
where l is the required length of the channel 3 from the input (output) side of the camera 4;
S section of the channel 3;
ρ electrical resistivity of the heated fluid;
U supply voltage;
I _add. the maximum permissible safety value of the current, excluding human injury.

 The electrode plates 5 have terminals 9 for connecting the power cord 6. By connecting the cord 6 with a switch (not shown in Fig.) To the corresponding pair of plates 5 (for example, 5 'and 5' '; 5' and 5 '' '), the temperature of the heating fluid can be adjusted.

 The proposed heater can be used both for heating a flowing fluid (water), and for heating a fluid in a tank. When heating flowing water, water passing through the labyrinth channel 3 enters through the hole 8 into the heating chamber 4, filling the space between the plates 5, while heating. Upon reaching the water in the chamber 4 of the level of the hole 7, the heated water flows through the labyrinth channel 3 to the exit.

 Due to the fact that several electrically conductive plates 5 are installed in the chamber 4, the heater has the ability to control the water temperature not only by changing the water pressure, but also by connecting the power supply to the corresponding pair of plates 5.

 At high water pressure in the mains, the power cord 6 is connected to nearby plates, for example, 5 'and 5' ', while low to the plates 5' and 5 '' '. This feature allows you to use the heater for various purposes.

 When heating the liquid in the tank, the electric heater is immersed in a vertical position in the liquid (for example, water), while the liquid due to the natural pressure drop from below (according to the figure) enters the chamber 4 through the labyrinth channel 3, filling the space between the electrode plates 5 and heating up. Heating liquid through the labyrinth channel 3 rises. Thus, the liquid in the tank is heated. When the heating chamber 4 is made of a heat-conducting material, the liquid in the tank will also heat up due to heat transfer from the walls of the chamber 4.

 Due to the fact that the electrode plates 5 connected to the mains are separated from the inlet and outlet openings of the heater by a labyrinth channel 3, the length and cross section of which are selected in accordance with expression (1) based on the safety of electric current, a complete electrode heater is provided electrical safety.

 The number of plates 1 at the inlet and outlet of the heating chamber 4 is selected depending on the electrical conductivity of the heated fluid.

 The introduction of the heating chamber 4 allows you to use the proposed heater and to produce steam, which expands its functionality. To obtain steam, the heater is lowered into the water so that the upper (as shown) hole is outside. In this position, the convection heater in the chamber 4 is absent and the water in the chamber 4 is heated to a boil, while the steam exits through the upper hole.

Claims (2)

 1. An electronic heater containing electrode plates connected to a power cord and dielectric plates with a labyrinth channel for liquid, characterized in that it is equipped with a heating chamber with inlet and outlet openings, while plates with a labyrinth channel are installed at the input and output of the camera, and electrode plates are installed inside the chamber.  2. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the inlet and outlet openings of the chamber are offset relative to each other.

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