SU1196145A1 - Lathe for multitool working - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in machine tools for treating rotating bodies with a straight line, stepped and fa forming.

The goal of the invention is to increase the machining accuracy by balancing cutting forces during their oscillations by changing the slice thickness.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal slide with transverse calipers, front view; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; on fig.Z - section BB in figure 1; Fig. 4 is a diagram of the decomposition of forces in conjunction with a stock-tool restraint. .

The machine contains a longitudinal slide 1, on which the case is mounted bearing transverse supports 3. The supports are divided into two sets, bearing reztsederzhivki 4 and 5 with various tools. The tool holders 4 in the first set are placed in the longitudinal guides 6, in the second - in the transverse guides fixed on the outer surfaces of the calipers. The tool holders are installed in the guides with the ability to move along them.

In supports 3 radially or parallel to the radial direction there are cavities of hydraulic cylinders., In which rods 8 and fittings 9 are placed. The besgatok cavities of all hydraulic cylinders are interconnected by means of, for example, a hose 10.

On reztsederzhavok surfaces,. interacting with gatokas, the bevels are made at an angle Y to the surfaces that mate with the guides of the supports. Angle. (selected from the ratio.

R/

lf o.rct.

where pp. - component cutting power

in the direction of the total feed; N is the component of the cutting force, normal to guide surfaces associated with tool holders.

A drive disk 11 is also installed in the housing, which has an end surface facing the supports, two spiral cuts of different directions, one of which is located. laid on the inside of the end

surface, and the other - on the outside. Each of the spiral threads interacts with one of the sets of calipers. This interaction takes place, for example, through balls 12, which are mounted in cages 13 arranged in slots B of supports. The clips 13 have the ability to interchange radially

(along groove 5) and secured with screws 14. The movement of the clips in the axial direction is carried out with wedges is. Balloons. 12 mounted in cages on bearings 16.

The machine works as follows.

The clips 13 are installed in the slots of the b calipers so that the balls 12 interact with only one spiral thread throughout

working range of movement of calipers. Moving the clips in the axial direction, gaps are chosen in conjunction of balls 12 with spiral (1 cuts).

Two sets of various tools, for example, through passage and slotted cutters, are installed on transverse supports. At the same time, precise adjustment of the incisors for longitudinal turning in the axial direction (i.e., their installation is strictly in the same plane, perpendicular to the axis of the part) is not required. Adjusting the incisors in the radial direction can be

simplified if the diametral size and roughness will be formed with only one cutter, and the remaining incisors will have: machining allowance. Similarly, in the case of transverse turning, no adjustment of the cutters in the radial direction is required.

Rotating the drive disk 11 manually or from the program, perform tuning radial movements

Reitz. In this case, one of the sets of ezts is supplied to the part, and the second one departs from it.

After turning on the general feed and starting the cutting process, two of these tools act on each of the tool holders - on the one hand the cutting force, and on the other - the pressure force of the rod 8. This force is proportional to the pressure in the hydraulic system connecting the rodless cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. The value of pressure, however, determines the maximum at the moment of the cutting forces on the cutters. Since the diameters of the rods are the same and the conditions for the decomposition of forces at the point of conjugation of rods with tool holders are the same, it can be assumed that the i-th support from the rod side to the tool bar in the axial direction acts on the rest calipers. Under the action of the resultant two forces, the tool rest will be shifted off in the direction of the total feed. In this case, the slice thickness will, depending on the direction of movement, increase or decrease, respectively, the cutting force will also change. The offset of the tool holder will take place until the forces acting on it balance out. This results in a non-automatic automatic redistribution of the allowance between the cutters and the alignment of cutting forces. Since the rodless cavities of the hydraulic cylinders installed in both sets of supports are interconnected, the reztsederzhavka not participating, at this point in time during the cutting process, the fluid pressure in the hydraulic system will move. To limit this movement, stops must be installed on the calipers.

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Fig.Z

Claims (1)

(5 ¹ ") MULTI-CUTTING MACHINE, containing transverse calipers mounted on a longitudinal slide with longitudinal guides in which the tool holder with cutters are mounted to move the cutter and hydraulic cylinders mounted on the calipers, the rods of which are connected to the tool holders and the rodless cavities are communicated among themselves, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of processing, it is equipped with calipers mounted on longitudinal rails with transverse guides and mounted in them with the possibility of Strongly moving tool holders, wherein the cavity radially disposed cylinders in the caliper, and toolholders the surface conjugate with rods of hydraulic cylinders are formed with bevels.