SU1196020A1 - Ion exchanger - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to water treatment and is intended for use in water treatment equipment of thermal power plants, namely in counter-current ion-exchange filters for softening and desalination of water.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the consumption of wash water.

FIG. I shows a filter, a general view; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one.

The filter includes a housing 1, in which the upper 2, middle 3 and lower 4 drainage-distribution means are located, the middle means 3 is made in the form of horizontally installed partitions 5 to form chambers A. The space between the upper and middle distribution means is partially filled with ion exchanger, which forms In this space, the upper layer 6, and below, the lower layer 7 is located. The partitions 5 are provided with drainage caps 8 attached to them by bushings, and the caps attached to the upper partition are arranged in the upper layer 6 of the ion exchanger, and the rest in the lower layer 7 of the ion exchanger. Moreover, in the sleeves of the caps attached to the middle partition 6 check valves 9 are installed. The upper and lower layers of the ion exchanger are connected by hydroline 10.

The upper drainage line 11 is connected to the body 1, the line 12 with the Branch pipe 13 for supplying the treated water. Line 14 with a pipe 15 for loosening the layer 6, line 16 with a pipe 17 for discharging the reagent. All lines are equipped with valves. A line 18 for draining the treated water and a line 19 for supplying the reagent are also connected to the housing.

Countercurrent filter works as follows.

The treated water, with open valves on lines 12 and 18 and all others closed, flows through the upper drainage-distributing means 2 into the filter, passes through the upper layer 6, where, apart from softening, mechanical water purification occurs. Through the drainage caps 8, water enters the space between the upper and middle partitions 5 from it through check valves 9 in the normally open position and into the caps 8, and through the openings of the dispensing cap enters the lower layer of ion exchanger 7, where it is softened.

The treated water through the drain caps of the lower partition is discharged through line 18. After exhaustion of the filtering capacity of the ion exchanger, regeneration is performed. To do this, first produce a loosening washing of the upper layer, in which 90% of the mechanical impurities accumulate. The lower layer is loosened after 10–12 regenerations. To loosen the upper layer, the valves of lines 11 and 12 are opened. The rest are all closed. Loosening water through the slotted caps 8 of the upper partition 5 enters the upper layer of ion exchanger 6, loosening it. Contaminated and crushed ion exchanger fractions are discharged along line 11.

The regeneration of the lower layer of the ion exchanger is carried out countercurrently (from the bottom to the top) with open valves on lines 10 and 16. The reagent through line 19 through the lower drainage-distribution means 4 enters the lower layer of the ionite, filling the entire cavity B with the middle and lower drainage-distribution means and therefore, being in a clamped position, passes through it, restoring its filtering ability, is discharged through line 16 to the drainage. When this reagent, acting on the check valve 9, closes the connection between the upper and lower layers of the resin.

After 10–12 regenerations, as the lower layer is contaminated (as indicated by the increase in pressure drop across it), the bottom layer is loosened. To do this, open the valves on lines 10, 11, and 19 and supply water through line 19 through line 10 to hydropower part of the ion exchanger into the space above the middle drainage-distributing means with discharge of transporting water ppo line 11. As a result, the hydropower of part 7 of the resin exchanger (25-30 %) above it forms a "water pillow" (free space for expansion). Then the valve line 10 is closed and additionally open the valve on line 14 and 16.

The loosening flushing of the upper and lower layers of the ion exchanger is carried out simultaneously: the upper layer - by supplying water through line 14 and discharging through line 11, and the lower layer - supplying water through line 19 and discharging through line 18.

Reverse hydro-overload of the ion exchanger into the lower layer is carried out by supplying water through lines 12, 10 and 17, after the end of the hydro-overload, regeneration of the layers of the ion-exchanger in the sequence of technological operations described above.

1196020

FIG. one

2

Claims (2)

IONITE FILTER, containing a vertical cylindrical body with a lid and bottom, upper, middle and lower drainage-distribution means, upper and lower layers of ion exchanger, placed respectively on the top and between the middle and lower drainage-distribution means, branch pipes for supplying the water to be purified and draining the filtrate attached respectively to the lid and bottom, and nozzles for the supply and removal of reagents, loosening and washing water, characterized in that, in order to reduce the flow of wash water, the average drainage distribution The tool is made in the form of three horizontally installed perforated partitions; drain caps are attached to the edges of the openings through sleeves, while the caps attached to the upper partition are located in the upper ion exchanger layer, and the remaining caps are located in the lower ion exchanger layer, the bushings of the caps attached to middle septum, with check valves, 8 a. a pipe for supplying loosening water is attached to the body between the upper and | m / middle bulkheads, and a branch pipe for 1 ^ ··· removal of reagents - between the middle and lower 1 ^ ™ “bulkheads. 1196020 one 2 II96020