SU1195148A1 - System of building solar heating - Google Patents

Abstract

The SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM of the BUILDING, in particular multi-storey, contains transparent and radar absorbing fences, the space between which is connected with the horizontal through duct located above it and through the dampers with outside air and accumulator / / 7 / // 7 Z // J / / 7 / U 7 ///////////7 / A / 7 / 3g, 8., / 7 liter of heat, which is communicated through the vertical channel and flaps with the interior of the building, characterized in that the purpose of increasing the efficiency of heating the building, the radar absorbing fence is made in the form of a screen with overlapping In the upper part of the building, installed with a gap relative to the building wall, the battery is placed below the level of the transparent fence in the building foundation, the horizontal duct is made in the building ceiling, and the vertical duct that informs them is made in the form of a ventilation shaft, the openings of which are blocked above each interfloor overlap. , a // ° / / J 7 /) 8 / / h I 10 y 9 10 S, (

Description

The invention relates to solar technology, in particular to building structures for solar heating of buildings. The aim of the invention is to increase the heating efficiency of a building due to the expedient placement of sietem elements with the ability to work in various modes of heat or cooling of the building, especially a multi-storey building. FIG. 1 shows a panel, a general view; in fig. 2 shows the position of the flaps in the “Summer” mode; FIG. 3 - in the “Summer” mode, in FIG. 4 - in the “Winter” mode, in FIG. 5 - in the mode “Winter, night. The solar heating system of a multistory building 1, containing a transparent fence 2 and a radar absorbing screen 3, the space 4 between which communicates with a horizontal through duct 5 located above it and through the b and 7 gates with outside air and heat accumulator 8 the form of the ventilation shield 9 and the flap 10 communicates with the interior 11 of the building 1. In the upper part of the screen 3, an opening 12 is made, which is blocked by the flap 13. The screen 3 is installed with a gap 14 relative to the wall 15 of the building 1, and The heat sink 8 is below the level of the transparent enclosure 2 in the foundation 16 of building 1. The horizontal duct 5 is made in the ceiling 17 of building 1. Overlapped by the flaps 10, the holes in the ventilation pad 9 are located above each interfloor overlap, 18. The duct 5 at the ends has informing it with the atmosphere, the holes 19 with the flaps 20 and the connection with the Hungarian shaft 9 by means of the holes 21 made therein with the valves 22. In the upper and lower parts of each floor in the wall 15 there are through holes 23 The wall 24 on it is overlapping window openings 25. Fan 26 moves the air masses. The dotted line shows the movement of air. The system works as follows. The mode "Summer, night (Fig. 2). There is a need to cool the internal volume of the building heated in a day. For this, cool outside air is supplied by fan 26 through valve 6 to the cavity of foundation 16, where it cools battery 8, after which heated air through vent 9 and valve 22 enters air duct 5 and out through valve 20. In this time, window openings 25 open in the premises of the building and airing is organized. External air through the window openings 25, air vents 23 in the wall 15 and the flap 13 in the screen 3 enters the duct 5 and through the flaps 20 exits, y. The creation of a strong draft of air from the rooms 11 is caused by a high degree of heating in the daytime of the screen 3, as a result of which the outside air through the flap 7 in the transparent enclosure 2 enters the space 4, heats up and rises upwards, creating a fresh ascending flow. As the accumulator 8 is cooled, a portion of the cold air from the ventilation shaft 9 is supplied to the premises 11 of building 1 by opening the shutters 10 and partially covering the shutter 22. When the optimum temperature is reached inside the building, the window openings 25 are closed. and the flow of air entering the room 11 is controlled by the flaps 10. The mode "Summer, day (Fig. 3). The intensity of solar radiation is considerable and the high degree of heating of the enclosing structures of building 1 makes it necessary to cool the rooms 11. To do this, heated air through the damper 6 by the fan 26 is fed into the cavity of the foundation 16, where it passes through the battery 8, the ventilation shaft 9 enters the premises 11 of the building 1, creating the optimum temperature of the internal volume, and then through the vent holes 23, the flaps 13 and 20 come out. In order to reduce the heating temperature of space 4 during the daytime, its intensive ventilation is organized. The outside air entering space 4 heats up (due to the significant temperature of the heating of screen 3, which prevents solar radiation from entering the wall 15) and rises upwards, creating a strong upward flow that reduces the temperature in space 4 and exhales air from rooms 11 of building 1 through air vents 23. Ventilation of ceiling 17 reduces the degree of heating of rooms 11 of the upper floors of building 1. In order to insulate building 1, during daytime window openings 25 are closed. Maintaining the optimum temperature of the internal volume of the building 1 is controlled by the damper 10 of the air flow entering the room 1 1. In the summer period, the dampers 7, 13, 20 constantly open the shutter 6 to supply only 11a) air to the battery 8. The transition, "Day-night, is performed by opening (closing) of the shutter 22, and the flow of air entering the room is adjusted by the shutters 10. In order to increase the cooling efficiency of the heat accumulator 8,

the use of the elements; | agnosti () processing of the latter (water cooled)

The mode "Winter, day (Fig. 4). The low temperature of the outer .ha necessitates the separation of the internal volume of the building 1 by its thermal insulation. For the ET01CH), the shutter 7 of the transparent guard 2 and the shutter 13 of the screen 3 are closed, as a result of which the formation of the space 4 and the gap 14 are closed and the air in them is heated. The heating of the rooms 1 to 1 of the building 1 is carried out by natural ventilation. The air in room 11 is cooled down and through the bottom vent 23 enters the gap 14 where it heats up, looking up, and through the top vent 23 again enters room 11.

Accumulation of heat for use at night occurs in the following way. The heated air from the space 4 with the damper 7 closed and the position of the dampers 6 providing air to the battery 8 from the space 4 through the fan 26 enters the cavity of the foundation 16, where it heats the battery 8, then through the ventilation shield 9, the damper 22 enters the air duct 5 and further, into the space 4, where it is heated again, and the temperature of heating the air in the greenhouse zone can reach 80-90 ° C (when using double glazing). In daytime mode, the damper 10 of Schachta 9 is closed, with the aim gus prevention y fe ...- ..,. . g. . 1 srig.2

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Mode "Winter, night (Fig. 5). There is a need to heat the internal volume of building 1 in the absence of solar radiation. Heating is produced by the heat accumulated in the accumulator 8 in the daytime. To do this, the shutters 13 of the screen 3 and the shutters 10 of the ventilation unit 9 and the shutter 22 of the shaft 9 are closed. The air from the space 4 through the fan 26 through the shutter 6 enters the cavity of the foundation 16, where it heats up, the passage through the battery 8, then through the valves 10 of the shaft 9 enters the room AND of the building 1, as a result of which the temperature in the latter rises. The air from the rooms 11 through the vent holes 23 enters the gap 14 and through the flap 13 again enters the nastoralism 4. In order to insulate the building I in the winter time, the flap 20 of the flap 1.

During the winter period, the shutters 7 and 20 are constantly closed, the shutter 6 provides air supply from space 4 to the battery 8. The transition to the “Day-night” mode is accomplished by closing (opening) the shutter 22 and opening close) flaps 13.

PC1y, the flow of air entering the room in order to maintain the optimum temperature, is determined by changing the position of the shutter 10. (test

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Claims (1)

THE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM OF THE BUILDING, in particular, multi-storey building, containing transparent and radiation-absorbing fences, the space between which is connected with the horizontal through duct located above it and through the dampers with external air and a heat accumulator, which is connected through the vertical channel and dampers to the building’s interior, the fact that, in order to increase the heating efficiency of the building, the beam-absorbing fence is made in the form of a screen with an overlapping hole in the upper part, With a gap relative to the wall of the building, the battery is placed below the level of the transparent fence in the foundation of the building, the horizontal duct is made in the ceiling of the building, and the vertical channel communicating them is made in the form of a ventilation shaft, overlapping openings of which are located above each floor.