SU1191955A1 - Three-phase controlled reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A THREE PHASE CONTROLLED REACTOR containing a spatial multi-rod magnetic system, on different rods of which there are coils of a three-phase AC main winding, each phase of which consists of several groups of coils located on adjacent rods, and coils of a DC bias winding placed on each bar of the magnetic system, characterized in that, in order to reduce the consumption of active materials and losses in the reactor, as well as to increase the speed and simplify the technology In the manufacturing process, the magnetic system is made one-handed, twelve-barred, with the ratio of the cross sections of the rod and the magnetic system’s magnetic system being 1: 0.518, and each phase of the three-phase winding consists of two groups of coils, three coils in a group, one of which is separated at the beginning, and the other - at the end of the phase, the ratio of the numbers of turns of the coils of each group is 0.577: 1: 0.577, and in each group the coils are connected to the right and left zigzags, and the groups of coils are interconnected in series and oppositely and are located on two diameters But there are opposite groups of rods, three rods in a group, and the phases of the winding are placed on the rods in such a way that the coils with a smaller number of turns of the beginnings and ends of different phases are arranged concentrically relative to each other on the odd rods, coils with a large number of turns of coils on even rods, and the coils of the sub magnetising winding S are connected in series (L and counter. 2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of control of the reactor by reducing its reactive monliness of idle, each coil of the three-phase main winding is made of alternating two layers of foil and two layers of dielectric, and The coils of each phase are interconnected in series and oppositely, forming the outer and inner layers, with the cd layers being interconnected and consistent. 01

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and power engineering and can be used as a three-phase controlled inductive impedance of a wide class of power, designed for any acceptable transformer voltage.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the consumption of active materials and losses in the reactor, increase the speed and simplify the manufacturing technology, as well as expand the range of control of the reactor by reducing its reactive idle power.

FIG. I is given a connection diagram and location on the rods of the coils of one phase of the three-phase main winding; in fig. 2 is a diagram of the connection of the reactor windings and the arrangement of three-phase windings AND bias winding coils on the terminals of the phases; in fig. 3 - magnetic system with windings of a three-phase controlled reactor, top view with a slit; in fig. 4 - one turn of the coil of a three-phase oscillation winding, made of a four-layer foil-dielectric composition, located on the rod, cross section; in fig. 5 is a diagram of the connection and arrangement of the coils of a single phase of a three-phase main winding made of a foil-dielectric composition on the terminals; in fig. 6 is a time vector diagram of the magnetizing forces of the coils of phase A-X; in fig. 7- vector diagram of magnetizing forces created by three-phase main winding; in fig. 8 - the same, the resulting magnetic flux of the 8 rom of the magnetic system between two adjacent rods; in fig. 9 is a vector diagram of the magnetic flux of the 1st harmonic of the magnetic field of phase A – X; in fig. 10 - the same, the 2nd harmonic of the magnetic field of phase A-X; in fig. 1 - the same, the 5th harmonic of the magnetic field of the phase A-X; in fig. 12 - vector diagram of the 2nd harmonic of the EMF induced in the coils of the phase A – X, 2nd harmonic of the magnetic flux; in fig. 13 - the same, the 5th harmonic of the EMF induced in the coils of the phase A-X by the 5th harmonic of the MaiHHTHoro flow; in fig. 14 - the same, the geometric sum of the EMF vectors for the 2nd harmonic; in fig. 15 - the same, on the 5th harmonica.

A three-phase controlled reactor contains a spatial multi-core magnetic system, on different rods of which three-phase main coils are located, alternating current windings, each phase of which consists of several groups of coils located on adjacent rods and a coil of a bias winding coil, placed on each rod the magnet system, wherein the magnet system is made of a one-row, twelve-core 1 -12, and the ratio of the cross sections of the rod and the frame 13 of the magnetic system is 1: 0.518, and each phase of a three-phase winding consists of two groups of coils, three coils in a group, one of

which is located at the beginning, and the other at the end of the phase, with the ratio of the numbers of turns of the coils of each group being O, 577: 1; 0.577 and in each group the coils are connected to the right and left zigzags, and the groups of coils are interconnected in series and oppositely and arranged on two diametrically opposite groups of rods with three rods in a group, for example, 1, 2, 3 and 7, 8, 9, and the phases of the winding are placed on rods x 1 in such a way that

coils with a smaller number of turns of the beginnings and ends of different phases are arranged concentrically relative to each other on odd rods, coils with a greater number of coils are placed on even rods, and coils 14 of the bias winding are connected in series and oppositely; each coil of the three-phase main winding is made of alternating two layers of foil 15 and two layers of dielectric 16, with the foil layers of all the coils of each phase

interconnected in series and oppositely, forming the outer and inner layers, with the layers being interconnected in series and according to.

The device works as follows.

The magnetization of the magnetic system by a constant magnetic field created by the bias winding coils 14 reduces the magnetic permeability of the steel, and hence the inductive resistance of the phases of the three-phase main winding. By changing the magnitude of the direct current bias flowing in the bias winding, you can adjust the resistance of the three-phase main winding, the amount of current flowing in it, and the value

- reactive (inductive) power consumed by the reactor. The reactive (inductive) power required by the reactor varies from its minimum value, which occurs in the absence of a constant magnetic field, to a maximum

value having a constant magnetic field. When the three-phase main winding is made of the composition of the foil 15 - dielectric 16 (Fig. 4 and 5), the range of control of the reactive power of the reactor increases, since. the reactive power consumed by the reactor is reduced in the absence of a constant bias field. The decrease in reactive (inductive) power consumed by the reactor at

The absence of a constant magnetic field is explained by the fact that when the winding of FIG. 4 and 5 and 3 of the composition of the foil-dielectric between the total external

and the inner foil layers of each phase, the space between which is filled with a dielectric, is an electrical voltage that is half the voltage applied to the entire three-phase main winding and, therefore, this winding performs a capacitor function, i.e. generates reactive (capacitive) power into the network, which compensates for fully or partially reactive (inductive) power consumed by the reactor in the absence of a constant magnetic field created by the bias winding.

It should be noted that in the three-phase controlled reactor design described, the implementation of the magnetic system in such a way that the ratio between the cross sections of any rod and any frame is 1: 0.518 is equal to the amplitudes of the first harmonic magnetic induction in bars x 1 -12 and frames 13, leads to a reduction in losses in the reactor, in addition, in the curve of alternating current flowing in the coils of the three-phase main winding, which has no closed circuits, there are no high harmonics (except for the 11th and 13th harmonics, the amplitudes of which small), which leads to a decrease in losses in the reactor and an increase in its speed, while in direct current flowing in the bias winding coils that do not have closed loops, there are no higher harmonics (except for the 12th, 24th, 36th ... harmonics, whose amplitudes are small), which leads to a decrease in losses in the reactor and an increase in its speed, and the implementation of the three-phase main winding phases from the composition of the foil 15 - dielectric 16 increases the control range of the controlled reactor.

So, if the cross section of any reactor 13 reactor is assumed to be 0.518 from the section of any rod 1-12, then the amplitudes of the first harmonic magnetic inductions in any reactor and rod will be equal, and consequently, the energy loss in the reactor will decrease.

FIG. B shows the temporal vector diagram of the magnetizing forces (NS) of the coils of phase A-X. Vectors ns FIA, Pro; FJA and p7x, FSX, Fgx, created by current-carrying coils (phase A-X) located respectively on rods x 1, 2, 3 and 7, 8, 9, will be pairwise in antiphase, and the mutually equal modules of vectors . FIA, FjA,, Fgx will be 0.577 times smaller than the mutually equal modules of the vectors F2Aand Fjx (Fig. 1). The same vector diagrams of the NS, but phases A – X offset from the considered diagram by 120 and 240 °, will correspond to phases B – Y and C – Z. As can be seen from FIG. 2, on each of the even rods 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 there is one coil

with a large number of turns of the three-phase winding and each ns Fj,, F6.B, F8x, Fioo, FIZV, respectively, 5 coils with a current with a large number of turns will be created for one of the listed rods. On each of the odd rods 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 there are two coils with a smaller number of turns of the various phases of the three-phase winding (Fig. 2), N.S. the pairs of these coils are shifted in time by 120 ° and, therefore, each resulting n. FT, Fg, FH, FI, P3, FS, respectively, arriving at one of the listed odd rods, will be created by two coils with a current with a smaller number of turns, 5 and the modules of the NS vectors corresponding to the odd rods will be equal moduli of vectors, i.s., corresponding to even rods. Taking into account the indicated time vector diagram of NS, created by a three-phase main winding during the flow

According to it, the symmetric and sinusoidal current will be represented by the correct 12-ray star of the NS vector. FY, FZA, Fg,, FH, FSB, FI, Fgx, Fj, Fjoc, Fj; FKY, respectively, on one of the rods 1 -

5 12 (Fig. 7).

How are nc vectors formed, which are drawn on odd rods, each of which is created by two coils with a smaller number of turns of different phases located on the same rod. For example,

0 the vector Fg of the resultant NS, coming to the rod 3, will be created as a result of the geometric addition of the NS vectors. FJA and Fj2, created by two coils with a smaller number of coils, located concentrically on the rod 3 and belonging to phases A-X and CZ, respectively (Figs. 7 and 2). Therefore, as can be seen from FIG. 7 vectors ns CEA and I and F corresponding to the adjacent rods m 2 and 3 will be shifted in time by 150 °. The magnetic fluxes of the FZA and Fz, created by these magnetizing forces FJA and Fg, respectively, will also be shifted by 150 °, and the vector Fg of the magnetic flux of the section of the core enclosed between rods 2 and 3 is defined as the geometric sum of the vectors and Fz of the magnetic fluxes of these rods (Fig . eight). As follows from the construction presented in FIG. 8, the magnetic flux in the section of the rom between the rods 2 and 3 will be 0.518 times less than the magnetic

Q flow in rod 2 or 3. Conclusion: the magnetic fluxes in any pair of adjacent rods are shifted in time by 150 ° and, therefore, in any of the sections of pm enclosed between adjacent rods, the magnetic flux will be 0.518 times less than in any of

5 rods. On the basis of what was said and if the condition of equality of the amplitudes of the first harmonics of the magnetic induction in the frames and rods is observed, the cross-section of RM is accepted to be 0.518 times smaller than the cross-sections of the rods, which resulted in a decrease in losses in the reactor. To ensure consideration of the shift, the n. and, accordingly, the magnetic fluxes in the neighboring rods by 150 °, it is necessary that the three-phase main winding phases are placed on the rods so that the coils with a smaller number of turns of each pair of different phases wound concentrically belong to the coil groups corresponding to the beginning and these phases. Using the example of phase A-X, it can be shown that the main three-phase winding, having no parallel circuits, is inductively not connected with the higher harmonics of the magnetic field from the second to the tenth inclusive, which leads to a decrease in the losses in the reactor and an increase in speed when controlling it . To do this, it is necessary to construct vector diagrams for higher harmonic magnetic flux and emf and analyze them. When constructing vector diagrams, it is necessary to take into account that the initial phase of any) and highest harmonic magnetic flux or emf corresponding to their given rod differs from the initial phase of the first harmonic magnetic flux or emf in h) times that even harmonics of the magnetic flux in the rod x change their phase to the opposite when changing the direction of action in the rods of a constant magnetic field created by the coils 14 with a bias winding current, relative to the alternating magnetic field created by the coils with eye of the primary winding. FIG. 9, 10, and 11 are depicted in view of the above, vector diagrams for the magnetic flux of the 1st and, for example, the 2nd and 5th harmonics of the magnetic field, which correspond to rods 1, 2, 3 and 7, 8, 9, on which The coils of phase A-X are located (in constructing the data and the following diagrams, it was not taken into account that the amplitudes of higher harmonics are less than the amplitude of the 1st harmonic, since this does not affect the results of the analysis of inductive connections). FIG. 12 and 13 depict vector diagrams of the 2nd and 5th harmonics of the EMF induced in the coils of phase A – X, respectively, the 2nd and 5th harmonics of the magnetic flux. When geometrically summing the EMF vectors of the 2nd and 5th harmonic 2 and 5 harmonics of the magnetic flux do not induce the EMF at the terminals of the phase of the three-phase winding (Fig. 14 and 15). Wire similar analysis for other higher harmonics, we conclude that the three-phase main winding is inductively not connected with all the higher harmonics of the magnetic field from the 2nd to the 10th inclusive. At the terminals of the phases of the main winding, only the 11th and 13th harmonics of the magnetic field induce EMF, but their amplitudes are small and, in practice, this does not affect the shape of the controlled current curve. To completely eliminate the high harmonics from the current curve From the 2nd to the 10th, inclusive, the phases and half-phases of the main three-phase winding are also balanced, i.e., the active and inductive resistances of the phases of the entire winding and the half-phases within each phase are equalized. For this, every two coils with smaller numbers m turns of different phases wound concentrically, an outer coil with a smaller number of coils, belonging to the left (or right) zigzag of each coil group of each phase, and a coil with a smaller number of turns belonging to the right) or left) zigzag of each coil group each phase. The elimination of higher harmonics from the current flowing in the coils of the three-phase main winding, which does not have closed circuits, leads to a decrease in losses in the reactor and an increase in speed when controlling them. The bias winding is inductively not associated with all harmonics of the magnetic field except for the 12th, 24th, 36th ... harmonics, whose amplitudes are small. In order to verify this, it is sufficient to carry out an analysis similar to that performed above, when considering inductive connections of harmonics of a magnetic field with a main three-phase winding. The exclusion of harmonics from the current flowing in the bias winding coils 14 that does not contain closed loops causes a decrease in the losses in the reactor and an increase in speed when controlling them. When the three-phase main winding is made from the composition of the foil 15 - dielectric 16, the control range of the controlled reactor increases. The control range of the reactor is the ratio of the reactive power of the reactor consumed by it when the magnetic system is magnetised by a constant magnetic field, to the reactive power of the reactor consumed by it from the network, in the absence of bias. If the inner and outer layers of the foil 15 of all coils of each phase are galvanically connected within each set of inner and outer layers of the coils, and the resulting cumulative foil layers of each phase are also connected galvanically, then to the total inner and outer layers of the foil, for example, aluminum or copper, between which there is a dielectric, for example, a lavsan film, half of the voltage applied to the main three-phase winding will be applied. In this way.

each phase of the winding will also perform a capacitor function, i.e. generate reactive power that fully or partially compensates for the reactive power consumed by the reactor in the absence of bias and, therefore, the control range of the reactor will increase. / famyiuefffaji zpi / nna coo / noemcfTreyfoUiaJl ava / ry phases ffaifni3 f: ffOMf-1 34-5 output. in Glurgiye cfTrefl neu with Suffy / n fx f / ff 7SO °

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Claims (2)

1. A THREE-PHASE CONTROLLED REACTOR, containing a spatial multi-rod magnetic system, on different rods of which there are coils of a three-phase main AC winding, each phase of which consists of several groups of coils located on adjacent rods, and DC magnetizing winding coils placed on each rod magnetic system, characterized in that, in order to reduce the consumption of active materials and losses in the reactor, as well as improve performance and simplify manufacturing technology phenomena, the magnetic system is single-tier, twelve-rod, and the ratio of the cross-sections of the rod and the yoke of the magnetic system is 1: 0.518, and each phase of the three-phase winding consists of two groups of coils, three coils in a group, one of which is located at the beginning, and the other at the end of the phase, and the ratio of the number of turns of the coils of each group is 0.577: 1: 0.577, and in each group the coils are connected to the right and left zigzags, and the groups of coils are interconnected sequentially and in the opposite direction and are located on two diametrically opposite In the case of positive groups of rods, three rods per group, and the winding phases are placed on the rods in such a way that coils with fewer turns of the beginnings and ends of different phases are concentrically relative to each other on odd rods, coils with a large number of turns are placed on even rods, and § Magnetizing winding coils are connected in series and counterclockwise. 2. The reactor according to π. 1, characterized in that, in order to expand the regulation range of the reactor by reducing its idle reactive power, each coil is three-phase main, the windings are made of alternating two layers of foil and two layers of dielectric, and the foil layers of all coils of each phase are connected in series and counter, forming the outer and inner layers, and the layers are interconnected sequentially and in accordance. SU „„ 1191955 H91S55