SU1190271A1 - Apparatus for determining signal mean values (its versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An apparatus for determining average values of signals comprising a first integrator, a hyperbolic converter, input and output buses, control and reset buses, a first key, a control unit connected to a control bus with a first output, a second bus input with a reset bus, and A primary key input, characterized in that, in order to improve measurement accuracy, speed and manufacturability, as well as to reduce size and weight, a differential amplifier, analog memory A second unit, the second integrator, the second key, and the first key are three-position, the output of the first integrator is connected to one of the inputs of the differential amplifier, the other input of which is connected to the output bus and the output of the hyperbolic converter, and the output to the first signal input of the first key, the second signal input of the first key is connected to the input of the analog storage unit, and the output is connected to the signal input of the second integrator; the signal input of the first integrator is connected via a second key to the input ine, vkod second integrator coupled to an input of a hyperbolic transducer and to the signal input of the analog storage unit, the reset inputs of both integrators are connected to shnne reset and control inputs of the analog memory unit, the second switch and a second control input of the first switch connected to the control bus. 2. A device for determining the average values of the signals, containing-. the first integrator, the signal input of which is connected to the input bus, the hyperbolic converter, the output bus, the control and reset buses, the key, the control unit connected by the first input to the control bus, the second input to the reset bus, and the output to the first control input of the key, characterized by Tehi, that, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, speed and manufacturability, as well as reduce the size and weight, a differential amplifier, an analog storage unit, a second integrator, and an electronic the first key is three-position, with the output of the first integrator connected to one of

Description

the inputs of the differential amplifier, the other input of which is connected to the output bus and to the output of the hyperbolic converter, and the output to the first signal input of the key, the second signal input of the key, is connected to the output of the analog storage unit and the output to the signal input of the second integrator.

90271

the output of the second integrator is connected to the input of the hyperbolic converter and the signal input of the analog storage unit, and the reset input is connected to the reset bus, the control inputs of the first integrator, the analog storage unit and the second control switch are connected to the control bus.

The invention relates to electrical measuring equipment and is intended for use, for example, in installations of technical diagnostics on the spectral composition of noise with a reduced amount of data. The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy of measurement, speed and manufacturability, as well as reduction in size and weight. FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the first embodiment of the proposed device i in FIG. 2: a - W timing diagrams of the signals at the outputs of separate constituent units; in fig. 3 and 4 - possible constructive implementations of a hyperbolic transducer; Fig. 5 shows a constructive implementation of the analog storage unit in Fig. 6; a functional diagram of the second embodiment of the device is shown. The first option of the device (Fig. 1) includes integrators 1 and 2, differential service 1, driver 3, hyperbolic converter 4, control unit 5, which is a pulse generator with external synchronization and providing. the delay of the generated pulses relative to the synchronization pulses; the analogue memorization unit 6, the three-position key 7, the key 8, the input bus 9, the output bus 10, the control bus 11 and the reset bus 12 The second version of the device (Figure 2) includes the same blocks except key 8. In the first version of the device (FIG. 1), the first input of the control unit 5 is connected to the control bus 11, the second input to the reset bus 12, and the output to the first control input of the key 7. The output of the integrator 1 is connected to one of the inputs differential amplifier 3, another input is connected to the output bus 10 and the hyperbolic converter 4, and the output is connected to the first signal input of the key 7. The second signal input of the key 7 is connected to the output of the analog storage block 6, and the output is connected to the signal input of the integrator 2. The signal input of the integrator 1 is through the key 8 is connected to the input bus 9. The output of the integrator 2 is connected to the input of the hyperbolic converter 4 and to the signal input of the analog storage unit 6. The reset inputs of integrators 1 and 2 are connected to the reset bus 12, and the control inputs of the analog input ominayuschego unit 6, the key 8 and a second control input key 7 connected to a bus 11 yn systematic way. In the second embodiment of the device (Fig. 6), the same functional connections of the composite blocks take place, with the exception of integrator 1, the signal input of which is connected directly to the input bus 9, and the control input is connected to the control bus 11. In one of the possible modifications, the hyperbolic transducer 4 can be implemented, for example, in the form of a series-connected transducer 13 (FIG. 3) voltage to the pulse frequency and the transducer 14 of the pulse-to-voltage period. In another modification, the hyperbolic transducer 4 may consist of a series-connected transducer 15 (FIG. 4) of the voltage during the pulse period and the transducer 16 of the pulse frequency into the voltage. The analog storage unit 6 may be implemented, for example, in the vi, a series-connected capacitor 17 (Fig. 5) and a key 18, the common output of which is the output terminal of the block 6. In this case, the signal and control inputs of the key 18 serve as inputs of the same name 6 The device according to the first embodiment (FIG. 1) works in the following way. In the initial state, a zero voltage is set on the control bus 11, and a reset voltage on the bus 12 is a logic one. At the output of the control unit 5, a zero voltage is set, resulting in a switch 7 being in neutral position in which its output is not switched with any of the signal inputs. The voltage at the outputs of the integrators 1 and 2 is absent due to the presence of control voltages at their reset inputs (Fig. 2, m). At the time point, Bc, which characterizes the end of the preparation stage for measurement, the voltage level on the reset bus 12 changes from logical 1 to logical O (Fig. 25) The voltages at the outputs of the integrators 1 and 2 remain zero. At time t The control bus 11 is supplied with a voltage level control pulse of logic 1 (FIG. 2b), which is fed to the first input of the control unit 5, to the control input-analog storage unit 6, to the second control input of the key 7 and to the control input of the key 8. During the time of the control its pulse duration T key 7 from time r, switches from neutral to first operating state, in which its output closes with the first signal input. Under the action of a signal at the control input, the analog storage unit 6 ensures equal potential in the second signal input of the key 7 and at the output of the integrator 2. In the example of implementation of the analog storage unit 6 (FIG. 5), the potentials are equal, for example, by closing the key 18. The key 8c of the moment i (closes, connects the signal input Ator 1 to the input 9. Since shine- i, the monitoring signal (jg (2a) received from the input bus 9 to the input of the integrator 1 integrates the latter, whereby the voltage at the output of the integrator 1 after i | varies according to the formula and ,, 1 1, - constant integration of integrator 1; i, is the time counted from the moment it. From the output of integrator 1, voltage 11 (supplied to the inputs of differential amplifier 3, switch 7,. Integrator 2 and hyperbolic converter 4, which form a closed circuit for automatically tracking the output voltage on bus 10 behind the voltage at the first analog input of differential amplifier 3, which is the input of the listed group of blocks. Upon termination of the control pulse on the control bus 11 (therefore, at the first input of the control block 5, at the second control input of the key 7, at the control input About block 6 and at the control input of the key B) at moment 2, key 7 switches to the neutral position, at which its output is not connected to any of the signal inputs. Key 8 is disconnected, and the analog storage unit 6 is switched to the storage mode of the output voltage In the example of implementation (Fig. 5), this mode is provided by opening the switch 18. At the same time, the potential of the capacitor 17 remains unchanged. At time iy, the voltage at the output of the integrator 1 is equal to

the voltage integral of the signal W during averaging time T:

 t

(2)

UA l lbsJb jUgJt,

And it remains unchanged (Fig. 24). The voltage at the output of the integrator 2 at the time is determined by the value

(3)

MU

Ji

where and is a constant defined by the transfer coefficient of block 4,

and / - output voltage

.logging

block 6.

After the delay time interval, o |. after the termination of the control pulse at the first input of the control unit 5, the last since time

(four)

four.

generates at its output, the voltage pulse of the level of the logical unit (figure 2) until the moment of time

(five)

duration

l

..- kT

01A

where k is the scale factor selected from the conditions of the device speed. The voltage pulse generated by the unit 5 is supplied to the first control input of the switch 7. During the operation of this pulse from the moment ij, the switch 7 switches from the neutral to the second operating position, at which its output is connected to the second signal input ...

In this case, the output of the analog storage unit 6 is connected to iaxoSy of the integrator 2, providing the voltage ij of the voltage ij at its output:

lla (.),

(7)

where 2. is the integration integrator constant 2,

The voltage U d ,, at the output gi. perbolic converter 4 and on the output bus 10 varies from the moment t. in accordance with the inflation

fi

(eight)

. and,

zUH ..

uw U h t- 3 J

At time i, away from the time point by

€ .R-1, .kt-g, d,

5, the value of the voltage Ug, is defined as

(9)

and

)

Substituting the expression Ug from expression (3) into expression (9), we obtain

AU, (10)

and.

 Jlfulllb r. -Hhhh

- ()

and

I g.

Substituting the expression and the expression (2) into expression (10), we get 30.T (11)

l

Li

and “N.

KT-S, O1

If you choose Sj C, hell C, then the discharge (11) for the Neik output voltage is reduced to the form ..

m ()

Uebi .. I °.

It follows from fusion (12) that the voltage at the output of the hyperbolic deformation generator 4 and at the output bus 10 at the time of the end of the voltage pulse from the output of the control unit 5. is proportional to the average value of the signal under study Ug during the averaging time T.

From time, key 7 returns to the neutral position, in which its output is not connected to any of the signal inputs, and the voltage, output bus 1Q, is maintained for

indication time, (Fig.2e). B

If it is necessary to extract the average value of the signal Ug for another averaging time or to multiply the averaging cycle of the signal in a different time interval, the integrator 1 and 2 are brought to the initial zero conditions, which is achieved by applying a level 1 voltage pulse to bus 12 (Fig. 2 &) which goes to the second reset input of control unit 5 and to the reset inputs of integrators 1 and 2. At this voltage, the outputs of integrators 1 and 2 fall to zero level. If the switch-off time of the switch 7 is shorter than the response time of the differential amplifier 3 in the reset circuit of the integrator 1, then the output information of the device is not corrupted. t, lb, In this case, the integrator 1 is in the reset state with no control pulse at its control input. 718 In relation to the well-known technical solution, the proposed device has higher accuracy, since the used hyperbolic converter 4 realizes a more accurate hyperbolic dependence of the output voltage on the input, independent of time, due to the fact that the proposed device does not have uncertainty in the time points of the output voltage inversely proportional to the input. The use of a hyperbolic transducer 4 in digital design allows to significantly improve the manufacturability of the device and reduce its size and weight. The absence of a separate operation in sampling the resulting voltage proportional to the average value of the signal under investigation in the course of operation of the proposed device ensures high speed.

phage.Z

FagL

Claims (2)

1. A device for determining average signal values, comprising a first integrator, a hyperbolic converter, input and output buses, control and reset buses, a first key, a control unit connected to the first output with a control bus, the second input with a reset bus, and the output with the first control the input of the first key, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of measurements, speed and manufacturability, as well as reduce the size and weight, a differential amplifier, an analog memory b lock, the second integrator, the second key, and the first key is made three-way, and the output of the first integrator is connected to one of the inputs of the differential amplifier, the other input of which is connected to the output bus and to the output of the hyperbolic transducer, and the output to the first signal input of the first key, the second signal input of the first key is connected to the output of the analog storage unit, and the output is connected to the signal input of the second integrator, the signal input of the first integrator is connected to the input bus through the second key, the output is second The integrator is connected to the input of the hyperbolic transducer and to the signal input of the analog storage unit, the reset inputs of both integrators are connected to the reset bus, and the control inputs of the analog storage unit, the second key and the second control input of the first key are connected to the control bus. 2. A device for determining average signal values, comprising a first integrator, the signal input of which is connected to the input bus, a hyperbolic converter, an output bus, control and reset buses, a key, a control unit connected to the first input by the control bus, and the second input by the reset bus, and the output with the first control input of the key, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of measurements, speed and manufacturability, as well as reduce the size and weight, a differential amplifier is introduced into it, an analog storage unit, a second integrator, and the electronic key is made three positional, and the output of the first integrator is connected to one of the inputs of the differential amplifier, the other input of which is connected to the output bus and to the output of the hyperbolic converter, and the output to the first signal input of the key, the second signal input key connected to the output of the analog storage unit, and the output to the signal input of the second integrator, the output of the second integrator is connected to the input of the hyperbolic transducer and to the signal to the input input of the analog storage unit, and the reset input to the reset bus, the control inputs of the first integrator, the analog storage unit and the second control input of the key are connected to the control bus.