SU1185085A1 - Quadrant - Google Patents

Abstract

The KVADRANT contains a base, cBJTsaHHbie with it a casing and a leveling unit made in the form of an electrolytic level, mounted on the axis of the gearbox connected to the shaft of a reversing stepper motor, a bridge measuring circuit, whose input is connected to the output of the electrolytic level, a pulse generator, reversing score-I 7, :: -,. a latch and a digital indicator that differs from the fact that, in order to increase the speed of the device by eliminating bringing the electrolytic level to the horizon plane, before starting the measurement, a gear shaft position sensor and an electronic divider are inserted into it, and the gear shaft position sensor outputs are connected with the first and second inputs of the reversible counter and the inputs of the pulse generator, the output of which is connected With the input of the stepping motor and through with the electronic divider with the fourth input of the reversing counter, a (L, the output of the bridge measuring circuit is connected to the third input of the reversible counter, the output of which is connected to the input of the digital indicator;

Description

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The invention relates to a measuring technique and geodesy and can be used in various sectors of the national economy, where it is required to determine the angular position of the object relative to the plane of the horizon.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device by eliminating the reduction of the electrolytic level to the horizon plane before starting the measurement.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the proposed device; FIG. 2 is a diagram of the mutual arrangement of receivers, sources, a position sensor and an electrolytic level in the extreme positions I and 1I of the shaft of the gearbox 4; FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the angle measurement by the proposed device.

The quadrant contains (Fig. 1) base 1, a body 2 rigidly connected to it, in which are installed: a reversing stepper motor 3, the rotation of which shaft and gear 4 is transmitted to electrolytic level 5, the sensor of shaft position of gear 4, made, for example, at least of two optocoupler pairs, emitters 6 and 7, rigidly mounted on the shaft of the gearbox 4 of the engine 3 with disk capacity 8, and receivers 9 and 10, rigidly mounted on the housing 2, the outputs of which are electrically connected to the generator 1.1 pulses and reversible counter 12, and the output gene pulsator 11 is connected to the input of the stepper motor 3 and through the electronic divide; 13 to the fourth input of the reversing counter 12. The output of the electrical level 5 through the bridge measuring circuit 14 is connected to the third input reversing-. th counter 12, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the digital indicator 15. I

Quadrant works following 1M

in a way.

The position sensor is capable of detecting two positions of the shaft of the gearbox associated with the shaft of the stepping motor. The achievement of a shaft by a gearbox. Each of these positions is accompanied by the appearance of a signal at the output of receiver 9 and 10 at the time of

formation of the corresponding optocoupler pair (receiver 9 - emitter 6 or receiver 10 - emitter 7, (Fig. 2a, 8). Receivers 9 and 10 (Fig. 1) are rigidly fixed on the housing 2, and emitters 6 and 7 - on the disk 8, mounted on the shaft of the gearbox 4 in such a way that while the shaft of the gearbox 4 is in the position shown in Fig. 2q, the electrolytic level 5 rigidly fixed on the axis of the gearbox 4 is rotated relative to the plane of the horizon by an angle, and when the gearbox shaft 4 is in the position shown in Fig. 28, electrolytic Sky level 5 is rotated relative to the plane of the horizon by an angle + ";.

When the shaft is in position i, a signal appears at the output of receiver 9 (Figs. 1 and 2a), causing the shaft of the stepper motor 3 to move, and with it the gearbox shaft 4. to the i position 1. When the gearbox shaft 4 reaches position 1I, a signal appears at the output of receiver 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2 V), causing the motor shaft 3 to move

position i. The process then repeats. Thus, the electrolytic level oscillates around the horizon with an amplitude of

od- and- k ,,

where 11 is the number of pulses causing rotation of the stepper motor;

  a constant coefficient, which is defined as the quotient of dividing the pitch of the engine 3 by the reduction ratio of the gear 4 and

which can be selected

equal, for example, to one minute.

At the moment of passing the horizon plane, the electrolytic level 5 produces a signal Horizon, which through the measuring bridge 14 enters the third reversing input. counter. The first and second inputs of the reversing counter receive signals from the output of receivers 9 and 10 of the sensor position of the axis of the gearbox 4, and to the fourth input - pulses from the output of the generator 11 pulses through

3

electronic divider 13. Thus, the number of pulses passing through a stepping motor and causing its shaft to turn at any time is twice as large as the number of pulses received at the fourth input of the reversing counter 12. Signals at the first three inputs of the reversing counter 12 by counting pulses from the fourth input.

Let the quadrant sensor (base with stepper motor mounted on it, gearbox, electrolytic level, position sensor) installed on the object, the angle of inclination of which to the horizon plane must be measured. Before starting the measurement, the counter is reset to zero.

Two cases are considered. The object is in the plane of the horizon. At that moment, when the electrolytic level is in position 1. (Fig. 2q), from the output of the receiver 9 to the first input rever-. Sive counter 12 (Fig. 1) receives the signal for direct counting, and the signal for engine rotation towards position II is sent to the corresponding generator input 11. At that moment, when the electrolytic level 5 passes the horizon plane from it through the measuring bridge 14 to the third input of the reversing counter 12 a signal is received, stopping the counting. This occurs at the moment when the electrolytic level 5 is turned through an angle

"4Ajf,

the angle characterizing the extreme position of the shaft of the gearbox;

- increment caused by the delay of the electrolytic level due to the finite value of its constant time. this, in the counter, is the accumulation of pulses, the numerically reconstructor, continuing in the direction of position 11, but not;

5085.4

which moment of time reaches it (Fig. 2J), and from the receiver receiver 9 (Fig. 1), the second input of the reversing counter 12 receives the 5 signal Run the reverse count, and the corresponding input of the pulse generator generates a signal that causes the shaft of the stepper motor to move to the side 1. At the moment when the cross section was reflored by the electrolytic level of the horizon plane, the Counter stop signal appears again at the third input of the reversible counter, and the result is accumulated in the counter

15 enters the digital indicator. At the same time, from the position I1 and to the horizon plane, the electrolytic level 5 is rotated by an angle of 0 4 A y, and in the counter accumulates

0 result

 oi + y

(2)

go

which corresponds to the zero deviation of the object relative to the plane of the horizon.

Let the object be tilted relative to, but the plane of the horizon is at an angle f, then the elements of the sensor mounted on the object in position 1 are located relative to the plane of the horizon as shown in FIG. 3. Therefore, during the movement from position 1 to the horizon, the electrolytic level is turned by the angle od + / 3 + Л У (Fig. 3), and the result is accumulated in the counter

40

(3)

During the reverse movement from position I I to the plane of the gorgonetstep, the electrolytic level 5 is rotated by an angle (X- / 3 + Ay (Fig. 3), and a result is accumulated in the counter, numerically equal to

  ot s about 2 2 2 2 2 2

(4) 22Р

which corresponds to the slope of the object relative to the plane of the horizon at an angle S.

It can be seen from this that it is not necessary to tie the level to

the horizon using standard measuring devices, there is no need for power interruptions during the measurement process or failure, since the operation is cyclical, the device constantly confirms the measured angle in each cycle of the level fluctuations. 5. Solving the problem of bringing the electrolytic level to the plane of the horizon allows does not increase the speed of rotation (the frequency of

pulses of the gearbox shaft, driven to the stepping motor, i.e. to speed up the measurement process, since the overshoot error 4 is compensated during the measurement process. When additional pairs of optocouplers are inserted into the position sensor, fixing the position of the gearbox 4 at different angles of rotation, it is possible to choose the optimal speed of the measurement process at different values of the measured angle.

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Claims (1)

A quadrant containing a base, a housing associated with it, and a leveling block made in the form of an electrolytic level mounted on the axis of the gearbox connected to the shaft of a reversing stepper motor, a bridge measuring circuit whose input is connected to the output of the electrolytic level, a pulse generator, a reversing counter, and digital indicator, characterized in that, in order to increase the speed of the device by eliminating the reduction of the electrolyte level to the horizon plane before the start of measurement, not the gearbox shaft position sensor and an electronic divider were introduced, the outputs of the gearbox shaft position sensor being connected to the first and second inputs of the reversible counter and the inputs of the pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the stepper motor and through the electronic divider with the fourth input of the reversible counter, and the bridge measurement output the circuit is connected to the third input of the reversible counter, the output of which is connected to the input of a digital indicator;