SU1177167A1 - Screw extruder for processing polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

WORM EXTRUDER FOR PROCESSING POLYMERIC MATERIALS, comprising a housing, a material cylinder with heaters and a screw screw coaxially placed in its working cavity, connected to a rotational drive, a loading hopper communicated with the working cavity of the material cylinder through a drawer, and a transporting junction tool, a drawer, connected to the working cavity of the material cylinder, a hopper attached to the working chamber and a transporting junction box, connected to the working cavity of the material cylinder. rotary drive, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the extruder by reducing heat loss, the hopper is made ring-shaped and It is aligned coaxially with a screw, the longitudinal axis of which is located in a vertical plane, the transporting auger is mounted between the housing and the material cylinder concentrically with it, and the feeding chamber is limited by the housing and the casing, which is made ring-shaped and grasping the housing.

Description

The invention relates to devices for processing plastics into products and can be used in various industries that use plastics processing - engineering, chemical, electrical, etc. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the extruder by reducing heat losses ... „.,“ .., The drawing shows a worm extruder | 1 Wern, an eduction unit contains a stanina |, KppHyt 2, MaTepH | jfc | bm cylinder 3 s (.4:,:, 1 haxi $ flax-blended | in its working cavity a worm 5, connected by an e || 15 % Id: ohm 6. rotations; loading Boiler T, co-worn with the working cavity of the material cylinder 3 by means of a feed chamber 9 placed in the casing 8 and a transporting screw 10 equipped with a rotation drive 11. The hopper 7 is ring-shaped and coaxially mounted cu 5, the longitudinal axis of which is located in a vertical plane, and the transporting screw 10 is mounted between the 2 and material cylinder 3 are concentric to it, and feed chamber 9 is bounded by housing 2 and housing 8, which is made ring-shaped and enclosing housing 2. A molding head 12 is mounted on the material cylinder 3. The screw extruder operates as follows. The material is loaded into the hopper 7 and The SC of it enters the feed chamber 9 between the casing 8 and the housing 2, so that the material cylinder 3, which transports the pups 10, housing 2, has a higher temperature from the environment. In the material cylinder 3, under the influence of the heaters 4 and the screw 5, the material to be processed is heated and plastered. The heat flow from the material cylinder 3 also spreads towards the environment and begins to heat the material being processed. However, at the same time, the material from the feed chamber 9 is removed and transported by the transport screw 10 to the loading zone of the material cylinder 3, the material removed from the feed chamber 9 is replaced by new portions of it coming from the feed hopper 7, and therefore the heat flow in the direction from the material cylinder 3 in the environment does not have time to reach the casing 8, which reduces heat loss. In the material cylinder 3, the material is further heated and plasticized by heaters 4 and screw 5 and enters the forming head 12. Since the hopper 7 is ring-shaped and the screw 5 is mounted coaxially, the material to be processed is displaced without mixing, which is necessary eliminating heat loss. Otherwise, the heated material located at the housing 2 moves to the casing 8, which does not fulfill the function of the heat insulator, in which case heat loss occurs. Since the hopper 7 communicates with the transporting screw 10 via the feeding chamber 9 between the housing 2 and the housing 8 enclosing it, further material is advanced from the loading hopper 7 through the feeding chamber 9 to the transporting screw 10 without mixing the material. The layers of material located near the housing 2 perceive the heat flow from the material cylinder 3 to the environment and heat up. Since there is no mixing of the material layers and the material is continuously selected for the production of products, the outer layers of it are not heated, and the specified heat flux is used to heat the processed material. Thus, the invention allows to reduce heat losses to the environment, which in screw extruders amount to 10-20% of the energy used to heat the processed material (for example, the temperature of the outer surface of the material cylinder during polystyrene processing is 80-90 ° C) and also to reduce energy consumption, for example, in the processing of polyamide at 16-103 kWh / year.

Claims (1)

WORM EXTRUDER FOR PROCESSING POLYMERIC MATERIALS, comprising a housing, a material cylinder with heaters and a worm coaxially placed in its working cavity, connected to a rotation drive, a loading hopper communicated with the working cavity of the material cylinder by means of a feed chamber located in the casing and a conveyor screw supplied with a conveyor, supplied characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the extruder by reducing heat loss, the feed hopper is ring-shaped and installed coaxial with the worm, the longitudinal axis of which is located in a vertical plane, the conveying screw is mounted concentrically with it between the housing and the material cylinder, and the supply chamber is limited by the housing and the housing, which is made annular and encircling the housing.