SU1159787A1 - Automatic line for loading brick on kiln cars - Google Patents

Abstract

AUTOMATIC LINE LOADING bricks on kiln cars, comprising a puller, tilter fitted with the drive shaft wheels with angular recesses, the picking table lifting mechanism disposed on the frame, bogie longitudinal feed with the capture layer and its rotation driven programming device feeder kiln car and an actuator connected by means of curvature and ratchet mechanisms with the shafts of the delivery table and the turning device, in order to improve the quality of the brick The line is provided with a turning mechanism located under the puller with receptacle tables located above the horizontal plane of the discs of the turntable disks, —the spring-loaded disks and copiers mounted with rollers in the ends of the drive shaft of the drive shaft are fitted with a carriage of vertical movement , on which the cantilever layer is fixed, and the frame of the hoisting-and-transport mechanism is made in the form of a portal with the arrangement boiling beams one over another, wherein the rotation drive capture layer and the picking table drive and the tilting device are formed as hydraulic motors.

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used to mechanize the production processes of refractory products and building bricks. A device for setting bricks on kiln carriages is known, which contains a unloader, a product feed conveyor, an intermediate conveyor, pushers, a picking table and a loader 1. However, the known device provides for the formation of a kiln for firing only in a tunnel kiln with a (suspended) roof, besides it does not provide for the possibility of forming an annealing kiln in an arched vault tunnel kiln. The cage on the kiln carriage is formed by separate columns, which impairs its overall stability, inevitable coincidences in one line of joints of bricks along the entire height of the cage, which leads to the destruction of the cage as the furnace car moves around the workshop and in the tunnel kiln. The closest technical solution to the invention is an automatic brick loading line on furnace carriages, containing a puller, a tilter with angle-notch discs mounted on the drive shaft, a picking table, a hoisting-and-transport mechanism located on the frame, a longitudinal feed carriage with a gripping layer and a drive its rotation, the programming device, the kiln car feeder and the drive connected by means of curvature-connecting rod and ratchet mechanisms to the shafts of the set table and canting 2. An automatic line is characterized by the fact that raw ceramic products (bricks) collide with a press pusher on the receiving table by pressing one end to the other because of what the bricks are damaged because they have insufficient mechanical strength, and the cage is formed only for firing in the tunnel furnaces with a flat vault, rows of bricks are doubled, making it difficult to dry and roast raw material and may cause shrinkage of internal and thermal cracks during drying and roasting. The gaps between the rows of bricks are made close to the size of the brick thickness, which will lead to a marriage of deformations during firing. At the same time, insufficient stability of the set is observed, since coincidences of bricks over the entire height of the set are inevitable in one line of joints, which will lead to its destruction when moving the kiln carriage through the workshop and in the tunnel kiln. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of bricks. The goal is achieved by the fact that the automatic brick loading line on the kiln cars contains a puller, a tilter with angle cut-out discs mounted on the drive shaft, a picking table, a hoisting-and-transport mechanism located on the frame, a longitudinal feed car with a gripping layer and a drive of its rotation. , the programming device, the feeder, the kiln carriages and the drive, connected by means of worm gears and ratchets, to the shafts of the picking table and the turning device, are provided with The turning mechanism with the receiving tables located below the horizontal plane of the cut-out disks of the turn-off device, the spring-loaded disks and copiers mounted on the ends of the drive shaft and installed with the possibility of contact with the spring-loaded disks by means of rollers, is located under the puller. the longitudinal feed carriage is equipped with a vertical carriage on which the gripping of the layer is fixed to the cantilever, and the frame of the hoisting-and-transport mechanism is designed as a portal with the arrangement of the supporting beams one above the other, with the drive of the gripping of the layer and the drive of the picking table and the turn-off device. FIG. 1 shows a kinematic diagram of the line, axonometrics; in fig. 2 is a kinematic diagram of the turning mechanism, the turn-off device, the pickup table and the powder mechanism, side view in fig. 3 - tilter, top view; in fig. 4 is a kinematic diagram of the rotation mechanism, top view; on fit. 5 - layer of bricks (cage element), top view; in fig. 6 is a diagram of a brick set-up on a kiln kiln for firing in an arched vault tunnel kiln; in fig. 7 - the same for roasting in a tunnel with a flat roof. The device consists of a puller 1 mounted on the press box holder, a turning mechanism 2, a tilting device 3, a picking table 4, a powder filling mechanism 5, a lifting-transport mechanism 6, a programming device 7, a kiln carriage 8, a feeder 9 of a kiln car. The puller 1 contains grippers 10. Turning mechanism 2 includes a hydromo ° P whose shaft is rigidly fitted with crank 12, stops 13, limiting the rotation of crankshaft 12 within 180 °, connecting rod 14 connecting the crank with stand 15, ty 16, connecting hinge rack 15 with levers 17, rollers 18, mounted on levers 17, links 19, pivotally connected by one ends with levers 17, and their second ends are loaded with rollers 20, hinged backstage 1, in grooves of which rollers 18 and 20 are placed, racks 22 and 23 with tables 24, fixed respectively on levers 17 and links x 19. The tilter 3 contains the shaft 25, on which the disks 26 are rigidly fixed and, with the help of hinged parallelograms, spring-loaded disks 27, which come into contact through the rollers 28 with the copiers 29 mounted on the frame. On the shaft 25 is installed ratchet mechanism 30 connected by a crank mechanism 31 with a hydraulic motor 32.

The picking table 4 is a conveyor, on a bearing body of which a layer of bricks is formed (a charge element) with strictly defined parameters for placing bricks in rows and rows in a layer. The picking table contains a drive shaft 33, which bends around the branches of the bearing body 34, tension rollers 35 placed between the disks of the turner 3. On the console of the shaft 33 there is a ratchet 36 connected by a crank-type mechanism 37 with a hydraulic motor 32, and the cranks of the drives are turn-over 3 and the picking table 4 on the shaft of the hydraulic motor 32 are set at an angle of 180 °.

The powder assembly 5 comprises a tank 38 and a belt conveyor 39 located beneath it, driven by a hydraulic motor 40 through a gear train 41.

The lifting-transport mechanism 6 (Fig. 1) comprises a longitudinal feed carriage 42 moving along a gantry frame 43 using a pull chain 44 driven by a hydraulic motor 45 through gear 46, a vertical feed carriage 47 driven by a cable 48 through drum 49, gear 50 and hydraulic motor 51. On the carriage 47, a layer gripper 52 is mounted with a rotary actuator at an angle of 90 ° by means of a lever 53 connected by a crank-paddle mechanism with a hydraulic motor 54, and a clamp actuator of rows of bricks in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 55, de driven through lever 56 to cam shaft 57.

The programming device 7 comprises a shaft 58, on which the disks 59-61 and the ratchet mechanism 62 with a roller 63, cooperating with a latch 64 mounted on a longitudinal feed carriage 42, are fixed.

The stove car 9 feeder 9 (Fig. 1) contains a drive 65 for moving the pulling chain 66, a carriage 67 moving along guides (not shown) with a pulling chain 66, and an articulated support 68 driven by a hydraulic cylinder 69.

The bricks 70 are removed by the puller 1, a row of bricks 71 is formed on the picking table, and layers 72 are laid on the trolley 8.

The device works as follows.

After the group of bricks 70 is ejected from the press mold by the grippers 10 of the puller 1, they are clamped, the puller 1 is moved by the press drive to the extreme forward position, where the grippers 10 release the bricks 70 from the clamp and they remain on the tables 24 of the turning mechanism 2. After that, the motor II rotates crankshaft 12 by an angle of 180 ° from the right stop 13 to the left, and through the rod 14 and rod 16, the movement is transmitted to the levers 1 and the wings 21. In the process 5 of moving the levers 17 and the wings 21, the tables 24 with bricks move 70 in opposite sides of the center and their simultaneous rotation around their vertical axes. The movement of the tables 24 is performed in the first part of the displacement cycle, in the second part of the cycle, the tables 24 approach the given value and continue to rotate until the group of bricks are aligned in the final position in a straight line with the bricks placed one end to the other. At the end of the cycle of operation of the mechanism 2, the rotation of the stand of the tables 24 is inserted into the gaps between the disks of the tilting device 3, and the bricks 70 are located in the corner cuts of the disks of the tilting device.

 The motor 32 is turned on, the crank shaft 25 rotates through an angle of 90 °, and the bricks 70 are removed by the crank disks 26 with table 24 and rotated — rotated around the axis of the shaft 25 5 at an angle of 90 °, while rollers 28 roll around the copiers 29 and move The disks 27, which interact with the extreme bricks of a row, bring the bricks together in each row until they touch each other with their ends and shift the rows to different 0 sides by a predetermined value a, for example, even rows to the right and odd to the left or vice versa. At the end of the turn, the collar 3 at an angle of 90 ° a row of bricks 71 is mounted on an edge on the supporting body of the picking table 4.

5 The drive of the turn-off device and the picking table is one, and its connections through the crank and ratchet mechanisms with the shafts 25 of the turn-over device and the delivery table ensure the work in the first half of the cycle of the turn-off device.

The drive operation cycle is performed by rotating the crank shaft 360 ° as follows.

5 At the end of the rotation of the tilter 3 at an angle of 90 °, the hydraulic motor 32 continues its work and moves a row of bricks 71 with the supporting body of the picking table 4 by a predetermined step size. After each batch of .70 bricks from the press

0, the described operations are repeated and on the supporting body 34 of the set table 4, rows of bricks are drawn. A certain number of rows of bricks 71 constitutes a layer of bricks 72 (Fig. 5), by shifting a row of bricks by an amount, and in different directions, improvement of the dressing and overall stability of the charge are achieved. Simultaneously with the movement of the row of bricks 71 by the picking table 4, the hydraulic motor 40 of the powder 5 mechanism is put into operation, while the refractory powder from the tank 38 enters through the belt conveyor 39 and sprinkles the upper horizontal plane of the row of bricks 71 in an even layer. the length of the picking table 4 by the hydraulic motor 51 through the gear 50, the drum 49 and the rope 48, the vertical feed carriage 47 is lowered by a predetermined amount, while the clamping bodies of the layer gripping 52 enter between the rows of bricks whose 71, by the hydraulic cylinder 55 through the lever 56, the cam shaft 57 rotates 90 ° and all rows of layer bricks are clamped.

By the motor 51, the vertical carriage 47 rises to the upper position. When the upper position is reached, the motors 45 and 54 are activated, with the longitudinal feed carriage 42 moving to the first position of laying the layer of bricks 72 on the kiln carriage 8, while simultaneously grabbing the layer 52 rotates around the vertical axis by 90 °. In the first distal position of the laying, the layer gripper 52 is lowered until the brick layer 72 contacts the bricks, the brick kiln layer 72 is released from the clamp, and the mechanisms return to their original positions, while the roller 63 interacts with the latch 64 and, through the ratchet mechanism 62 , turns the shaft 58 of the programming device 7 on. given angle - one position. The laying of the second layer is carried out in the described manner at the second near position, the third and fourth layers are laid without rotating the gripping layer 52, respectively, to the first and second laying positions, etc. Place

Laying layers of bricks 72 on the kiln car 8 is determined by the position of the teeth on the disks 59 and 60 of the programming device 7 relative to the sensor mounted on the longitudinal feed carriage 42 (not shown) when the teeth are on the disks 59 and 60 when they do not interact with the sensor on the trolley the longitudinal feed 42, the cart 42 moves until the sensor interacts with the disk 61 and stops at this position to lay the layer on the kiln car. Discs 59-61 of the programming device 7 are involved in the formation of the firing in an arched vault tunnel furnace (Fig. 6), in the formation of the firing in the firing furnace in a tunnel kiln

5, a flat vault (Fig. 7) involves only 59 and 61 discs. After the formation of the charge has been completed on the first half of the kiln car 8, the latter is moved by the feeder 9 until the axle of the wheel pair of the kiln car 8 stops on the hinge support 68, the process of forming the boil is repeated. At the end of the loading of the kiln carriage 8 by the hydraulic cylinder 69, the hinged support 68 is removed from the interaction with the axle of the kiln carriage 8, and the drive 65 of the furnace

5, the trolley 8 is ejected from the landing place and replaced with an empty one.

The proposed automatic line is designed to accept from the press a narrow range of sizes of mass types of refractory products and building bricks,

0 that predetermined a significant simplification of its design. In addition, the size has been significantly reduced, which allows the use of an automatic line in the cramped conditions of the workshops, reduced metal consumption, manufacturing costs, maintenance labor intensity and improved brick quality.

FIG. 2 /// U / U1 /////, If

thirty

27 26 25

Fig.Z

F.

ig. five

/////// Л

Ppppp

LrTl.Tj:

.11 AND MISH

I .... I t

Mlll.il 11.11

11I1111PTPTT

with

I ..... I .... I

shiishd

/////////////////////////////

FIG. 7

Zhsh

one /////,

///// A Fig.b.

72

gsh

sapp

ppp

ID

U

Pa

shp

I

J

but

sh

wn shp

I

D c

CSHL

SHDD

Claims (1)

LOADING Trolleys, comprising a puller, a tilter with disks with angular cutouts mounted on the drive shaft, a picking table, a lifting and transport mechanism located on the frame, a longitudinal feed trolley with a layer grab and a drive for turning it, a programming device, a kiln trolley feeder and a drive connected by means of crank and ratchet mechanisms with shafts of the picking table and tilter, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the brick, the line is equipped with a mechanism located under the puller In addition to turning tables with receiving tables placed above the horizontal plane of the notches of the tilter disks, at the ends of the drive shaft of which spring-loaded disks and copiers are mounted, which are installed with the possibility of contact with the spring-loaded disks by means of rollers, the longitudinal feed trolley is equipped with vertical movement, a layer gripper is fixed on the console, and the frame is fixed the lifting and transport mechanism is made - _ on in the form of a portal with the location of the y / load-bearing beams one above the other, with the layer turning rotation drive and the comp drive The leveler table and tilter are filled in the form of hydraulic motors. which carriage is _about SI co>