SU1159647A1 - Hydrocyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

A HYDROCYCLONE, comprising a housing with an inlet, Peskovy branch pipes, a drain, a branch pipe, communicating with a slim chamber, and an axial tube placed in it, which, with increased efficiency in operation for an auto-pulsed gas supply through the axial, it is equipped with an additional chamber with an Ipuier of a 1-gas supply, communicating with the & a) drain chamber, in this case. : one end of the axial tube is located in the additional chamber. (L with:

Description

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11 The invention relates to devices for the separation of liquid inhomogeneous systems under the action of centrifugal seeps and can be used in the chemical, oil refining and other industries. A known hydrauliciclone comprises a housing with an inlet, drain, and Peskovy pipe, equipped with an electromagnetic vibrator mounted on a drain pipe. Due to the vibrations caused by the vibrator in the divided suspension, the known device has a higher separation process compared to conventional hydrocyclones due to a decrease in the effective viscosity of the suspension, which facilitates the release of particles in the hydrocyclone 1. However, vibrator vibrations do not have any significant effect on the conditions of formation of the air column formed in the axial zone of the hydrocyclone. As a result, like a conventional (i.e., without applying vibrations) hydrocyclone, in the course of its operation in the axial zone, a vacuum occurs, which causes air to leak through the sand pipe into this zone. As a result, part of the particles are carried away from the top of the conical part of the hydrocycle .1lones to the upward flow of fluid that leaves the apparatus through the drain pipe, i.e., the degree of clarification of the fluid in the hydrocyclone decreases .- This decrease is especially noticeable when high concentrations of suspension discharged through the sand outlet, since the process of air circulation through the sand outlet becomes unstable under these conditions, it destabilizes the separation process in the hydrocyclone and negatively vaets its effectiveness. A hydrocyclone is known in which the sand nozzle is made with one or several side openings 2. Such a sand nozzle arrangement allows to somewhat stabilize air leaks into the air column, which allows stabilizing the separation process in a hydrocyclone to a certain extent, but does not eliminate it. entrainment of solid particles and the tip of the cone of a hydrocyclone in the stream of clarified liquid. A hydrocyclone is known, comprising a housing with inlet, sand pipes and a drain pipe, inside which a pipe is installed, intended for supplying gas to the air column. This embodiment of the hydrocyclone allows the gas to be supplied to the air column, mine the sand pipe. This eliminates air leakage through it, which drastically reduces the entrainment of solid particles from the hydrocyclone cone, which improves the clarification of liquid 3. However, the degree of thickening of the suspension discharged through the sand outlet decreases in this hydraulic cylinder, since it no longer meets here from the side of the moving gas (the flow of which is absent) and therefore does not undergo additional compaction. On the other hand, the possibilities provided by the presence in the hydrocyclone of an axial gas tube for improving its performance are used in. known device is not fully, which leads to insufficient efficiency of the device. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the hydrocyclone operation due to the auto-pulsed gas supply through the axial tube. It is provided with an additional chamber with a gas supply nozzle in communication with the drain chamber, wherein one of the ends of the axial tube is located in the additional chamber. The drawing shows a hydrocyclone, a general view .. HydrO1. The slope consists of a cylindrical body I with inlet 2, drain 3 and Peskov 4 nozzles. The drain pipe 3 goes into the drain chamber 5 with the discharge nipple 6. Above the drain chamber 5, there is an additional chamber 7, connected to the drain chamber by one or several holes 8 in the partition separating the chambers 5 and 7. The additional chamber 7 is supplied by the supply nipple 9 gas and valve 10 is connected to a source of compressed gas (air or other gas, depending on the requirements of the technology). The axial tube M is installed coaxially to the drain pipe 3 in the hydrocyclone, one end of which is located in the body I of the hydrocyclone and the other in the additional chamber 7. The hydrocyclone works as follows. The initial divided suspension under pressure through the inlet 2 enters the body of the hydrocyclone 1, where it acquires a rotational motion. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the suspension is separated, while solid particles in the form of a condensed suspension are withdrawn from the hydrocyclone through the sand pipe nozzle 4, and the clarified suspension is removed through the drain pipe 3, the drain chamber 5 and unloading P11I fitting 3 6. Chamber 7 through fitting 9 and valve 10 is supplied with compressed gas under pressure greater than the pressure of the liquid in the drain chamber. From chamber 7, gas through the axial tube 11 enters the air column formed in the hydrocyclone body 1. However, the process of gas entering the air column is not continuous, but pulsating, and this. is carried out automatically, without any additional devices. This happens as follows. At the initial moment of time before starting the apparatus, the valve 10 is closed, the supply of compressed gas to. the device is not manufactured. After the suspension into the apparatus is divided into its axial zone, a vacuum spreads through the tube 11 and into the chamber 7. As the pressure of the liquid in the discharge chamber 5 is greater than the pressure in the chamber 7, the liquid from chamber 5 through the holes 8 will begin to flow into chamber 7. Its level in chamber 7 will be increased. At that moment, when it closes the upper end of the tube 11, the flow of gas into the air column stops. By inertia, the fluid level in chamber 7 is still niOBbicnTCH (at the initial, starting time, the chamber can fill the chamber completely with a syringe). When the valve 10 is opened, the chamber 7 through the valve 9 begins to receive gas, the pressure of which is greater than the pressure in the drain and, therefore, additional chambers. By virtue of this, the gas will begin to flush out the liquid from chamber 7 through the opening 8 and the axial tube 11. Its level in chamber 7 will decrease until it reaches the upper end of tube II. At the same time, the upper part of chamber 7, filled with gas, is connected through tube 11 with the axial zone of the hydrocyclone body, as a result of which gas will flow from chamber 7 to the air column of the hydrocyclone. The resistance of the valve 10 is selected in such a way. so that the feed rate of compressed gas into chamber 7 was less than the speed of its suction into the air: a hydrocyclone column. As a result, in chamber 7, after a certain period of time, it again creates; The fluid level in it begins to rise again and closes the upper end face of the pipe 11, the flow of gas into the air column stops for a certain period of time. However, compressed gas continues to flow into chamber 7 through fitting 9 and valve 10. As a result, the pressure in the upper part of the chamber increases again and the gas begins to push the fluid out of the chamber again, its level begins to drop. 74 When it reaches the end of the tube 11, the chamber 7 is again connected to the air column and the gas enters again. In the following, the described cycle {1} is repeated. Thus, during the operation of the hydrocyclone, the liquid level in the chamber 7 oscillates relative to the end of the tube 11, periodically opening and closing it dp gas intake. As a result, the gas supply to the air column is of an automatic pulsation in the proposed device. The parameters of these pulsations can be adjusted by changing the gas supplied to chamber 7, its volume, resistance of the valve 10. The self-pulsating gas supply to the hydrocyclone air column causes auto-pulsations of pressure in it, which in turn excites self-oscillations in the split suspension. Due to the effects of these fluctuations, there is a decrease in the viscosity of the suspension, which facilitates the process of separating particles from the suspension and leads to an increase in the degree of clarification of the liquid in the hydrocyclone. Due to the fact that the flow of gas into the axial zone of the hydrocyclone is carried out in addition to its sand outlet, air is not allowed to leak through the sand outlet and, as a consequence, the transport of particles from the cone to the upward flow of liquid also increases the clarification hydrocyclone fluids. On the other hand, the pressure pulsavdi in the air column causes the back pressure pulsations in the thickened suspension, which is located in the sand pipe, which leads to its impulsive braking when moving along the sand pipe and, as a result, to its additional consolidation, i.e., to increase condensation of the suspension in a hydrocyclone. Thus, the proposed constructive design of a hydrocyclone unites the advantages of all the Known devices, at the same time eliminating their disadvantages. which makes it possible to achieve in the hydrocyclone both high degrees of clarification of the liquid and. high degrees of thickening of the solid phase, i.e., it allows to achieve the highest efficiency of the separation process. The expected economic effect from is. use of one proposed hydrocyclone at the stage of washing with the production of suspension polymethyl methacrylate with a polymer productivity of 2 t / h, achieved by increasing the degree of thickening of the suspension and a corresponding reduction in the flow rate of its washing, is about 7,000 rubles a year.

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Claims (1)

HYDROCYCLONE containing core, pus with inlet, sand pipes, spiv-. the connecting pipe communicating with the coalesced chamber, the axial tube placed in it, and the fact that, in order to increase efficiency in operation due to the self-pulsating gas supply through the axial tube, it is equipped with an additional chamber with a gas supply fitting in communication with the drain chamber, with one of the ends of the axial tube located in the additional chamber. >