SU1152600A1 - Column mass-transfer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

COLOR MASS-EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT, inclusive housing, inclined plates with stepped contact elements, the lower edge of the upper of which is located inside the lower contact element, and overflow, characterized in that, in the course of the movement, the contact element of the underlying plate is located above the last contact element of the overlying plate, and the overflow is placed on one side of the outer the housing walls and connects through the plate the last contact element of the overlying plate with the first contact (L element of the underlying plate.

Description

The invention relates to mass transfer devices for carrying out processes of absorption, rectification and gas purification and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, oil refining and other industries, mainly in large diameter columns to increase the performance of existing columns by replacing tdrelok in them,

A column mass transfer apparatus is known, which includes a vertical column, a chamber for mixing vapor and liquid, stepped grids with a packing, heat exchange tubes over the layers of packing, branch pipes for supplying and discharging steam and liquid Cll.

The vapor and liquid are contacted while they are flowing from top to bottom. There is no overflow in the device for the flow of fluid from one grid to another. The scheme of movement of the Fach (descending impulse) implemented in the device is unacceptable in most processes due to the low efficiency.

A well-known column mass-exchange apparatus, comprising a housing, inclined plates with stepped contact elements, the lower edge of the upper one of which is located inside the lower contact element, and the overflow 21.

The main disadvantage of the known column mass transfer apparatus, which makes it impractical to use when the column diameters are more than 1-2 m, is excessive height and, as a result, low intensity and high metal intensity of the column, since the beginning of the lower plate lies necessarily below the end of the upper plate, which is necessary for the flow of fluid. Between any two adjacent plates there is a significant unused free volume, the value of which is the larger, the larger the diameter of the apparatus. The distance between the plates is approximately equal to one diameter of the housing, since with a smaller distance the stepwise placement of the elements is difficult. If we consider that nowadays columns with a diameter of 6-8 m with the number of plates from 10 to 100 are widely used, it is clearly seen how high

6002

and metallomeki known masoobmennye apparatus.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of mass exchange and reduce metal consumption due to a more compact arrangement of the plates.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a mass-transfer column apparatus, including a housing, inclined plates with stepped contact elements, the upper edge of the upper of which is located inside the lower contact element, and overflow, the first along the movement of the contact element of the underlying plate is located above the last contact element of the insert plate , and the overflow is placed on one side of the outer wall of the casing and connects through the plate the last contact element of the overlying plate with the first contact element underlying tray.

Figure 1 shows the column mass transfer apparatus, a longitudinal section; in Figure 2, section AA is shown in Figure 1; in Figure 3, node 1 in Figure 1.

The contact device includes a housing 1, inside of which the plates 2-5 are placed, made up of one type of staggered contact elements 6 and 7 of an H-shaped section. The lower edge of the vertical plate 8 of the contact element 6 is immersed in the pocket 9 of the underlying element 7. The passageway 10 is formed by vertical plates 8 and 11. The upper and lower ends .12 of the vertical plate 8 have trapezoidal slits for a better distribution of liquid and gas.

Any two adjacent plates, for example, 4 and 5, are set relative to each other so that each first element along the course of the liquid element 13 of the underlying plate 5 is located above the last element 14 of the empty plate 4. (- -

The contact device is provided with pipes 15 and 16 for supplying and discharging gas and pipes 17 and 18 for liquids, plates 2 and 3 are supplied with pipes for supplying liquid. Mine plate 3, overflow 19 connects plates 2 and 4, and overflow 20 - plates 3 and 5, etc. To prevent gas bursting through overflows, they are equipped with hydraulic seals 21. Diametrically located ends 22 and the beginning of 23 plates are connected by overflows. The proposed device works as follows. The liquid through the pipes 17 is supplied in parallel to the upper plates and 3. The gas is supplied to the pipe 15. The liquid fills the pockets of the 9 contact elements and through the slots in the upper edge of the vertical plate 8, which serves as a threshold, flows to the underlying element in the elements, the height of the threshold is determined, and since this height is the same for all elements, the level of the liquid on the plate does not change. Passing plates 2 and 3, the liquid enters the overflows 19 and 20, through which it flows to the beginning of the plates 4 and 5. Pass through the entire column, the liquid is discharged through the nozzle 18. The gas from the nozzle 15 is distributed throughout the cross section of the device and moves upwards on the path of the plate, the gas enters channels 10 and bubbles through a layer of liquid in the pockets 9. Thus, the gas successively passes all the plates from the bottom up and is discharged from the apparatus through the nipple 16. how to scale baa all columns due to the large number of trays countercurrent reaction occurs: gas flows from below, from above the liquid. The use of the proposed device provides an increase in the efficiency of mass transfer, a reduction in the height and metal intensity of the apparatus, and by increasing the useful area of the dish and using external overflows, the productivity of the column will generally increase by 10-15%. Example. For comparison, two columns were considered: the prototype and the proposed solution, both for separating the benzene-toluene mixture by distillation. When conducting strength calculations, it was assumed that the columns were installed in an open area in one geographic area. The table compares the known and proposed devices. It can be seen from the table above that the intensity of the proposed device is almost twice as high as is known. The intensity here refers to the ratio of the performance of the original product to the total volume of the apparatus. The proposed solution allows a 44% reduction in the height of the column, while achieving significant metal savings (36%), which in monetary terms will amount to 7452 rubles. The proposed device is smaller in size than the known one, which is especially important from the point of view of its transportability. Thus, the proposed device can be freely transported by rail, while the length of the known device goes beyond the permissible dimensions, its transportation to the place of installation is associated with the need for partial disassembly and therefore requires additional costs. When switching to devices of larger diameter, the advantages of the proposed solution are even greater. L

Performance,

kg / h

Internal diameter, m

Number of plates, pieces

The distance between the plates, m

13080

1.6

26

0.4

lonny, m 31,34 in the column abs ,,

tenki, m

columns

pusa colony

Table continuation

17.55

0.12

0.12

0,006 0,010

GOST 5632-72

steel 12X18H10T

12200

19100 63.4 35.7

366.4

189.3

w

6 P

w

f2

ig.Z

Claims (1)

(54I COLUMN MASS TRANSFER APPARATUS, including a housing, inclined plates with stepped contact elements, the lower edge of the upper of which is located inside the lower contact element, and overflows, characterized in that, in order to increase mass transfer efficiency and reduce the metal consumption of the device due to more compact placement of plates , the first contact element of the underlying plate is located above the last contact element of the overlying plate, and the overflow is placed on one side of the outer wall and the housing and connects through the latter Relkom q Such contact element overlying trays with the first contact element underlying tray.