SU1149906A1 - Installation for growing fish - Google Patents

Abstract

INSTALLATION FOR CULTIVATION OF FISH, containing a tank for fish with an aerator, a coarse filter, a cultivator with algae, a storage tank. an air supply system and a water circulation system, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of water purification and thereby improve the conditions for growing fish, it is additionally equipped with successively installed fine filters and a cultivator with mollusks and filamentous algae equipped with an aerator, the coarse filter is connected to the fine filter, cleaned by airlift, the tank for fish is connected to the coarse filter using a device for collecting bottom sediments, and the algae cultivator is connected to the fish tank using an overflow pipe and an airlift pipeline, the tank accumulator output being introduced into the fine filter g

Description

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The invention relates to the fishing industry, in particular to the aquaculture industry, and can be used for breeding and rearing artificial fish.

A plant for growing fish is known, including tanks for fish, biological filtration of water and its accumulation, an air supply system and water in which the tanks are connected in a manner of communicating vessels 1.

A disadvantage of the known installation is that it does not provide high-quality water purification in the process of growing fish.

Closest to the proposed technical entity is a plant for growing fish, including a tank for fish with an aerator, a coarse filter, a cultivator for growing algae, a storage tank, an air supply system, and a water circulation system 2. A disadvantage of the known installation is that it does not ensure the quality of water that meets the standards of fish farming due to the incompetent water treatment system in the circulation system.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of water purification and thereby improve the conditions for growing fish.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the installation, which contains a tank for fish with an aerator, a coarse filter, a cultivator with algae, a storage tank, an air supply system and a water circulation system, is additionally equipped with a consistently installed fine filter and a cultivator with mollusks and filamentous algae equipped with an aerator, the coarse filter is connected to the fine filter by means of airlift, the tank for fish is connected to the coarse filter by means of a device for collecting bottom sediments s, and algae cultivator E is connected to the tank for fish via the overflow pipe and the airlift pipe with, the output of the accumulator tank-introduced into the fine filter.

FIG. 1 schematically depicts the proposed installation; in fig. 2 - technological scheme.

The fish-breeding plant consists (Fig. 1) of a fish-growing tank 1, having a bottom 2 filled with sand, a spillway 3 with a valve 4 and a lid 5. At the bottom of the sandy bottom 2 is a bottom drainage collector device 6 connected by flexible hoses and pipe 7, positioned in the wall of the tank 1, with a biological filter 8 water purification from coarse dispersed soils. Capacity 1 and biological filter 8 are communicated between

by the type of communicating vessels through the device 6, the pipe 7 with hoses and the pipe 9 vertically located in the center of the biofilter 9. On the pipe.

9 inside the biological filter 8 there is a removable large cellular drum filter 10. The biological filter 8 is equipped with a lid 11. The conical bottom of the biological filter 8 is connected via flexible hose with airlift 12 to the second biological filter 13 for removing water from fine contaminants. The filter 13 has a perforated bottom 14 on which the filtering load 15 is located, consisting of a layer of glass wool, gravel and sand located at the bottom 14. The conical bottom of the filter 13 through the pipe 16 is in communication with the cultivator of 17 mollusks and filamentous algae. The cultivator 17 has a perforated bottom 18, on which filter loading 19 is successively located, then a biocenosis of 20 mollusks with filamentous algae. Under the perforated bottom 18, aerators 21 are located, and the conical bottom of the cultivator 17 is reported by nozzle 22 with cultivator 23 with algae having

5 perforated bottom 24. At the bottom 24 there is a filtering load 25 of gravel and sand with hydrophyte biocenoses. The conical bottom of the cultivator 23 is communicated via a tank with an airlift 26 with a capacity of 1. In addition, the wall of the cultivator 23 has a nozzle 27 for adjusting the water level in the system, moreover, through a nozzle 3 and 27 with an overflow pipe the capacity of 1 and the cultivator 23 are interconnected. The tank 28 of the pipeline with the valve 29 is connected with the second biological filter 13. The tank 1 is equipped with the aerator 30. The aerator 30, airlifts 12 and 26, the aerators 21 are connected by means of an air pipeline with an air system and a blower 36. Capacity G is equipped with a system 37 of the dosage of live food.

Installation for growing fish works as follows.

5 On the bottom 2 of the tank 1, sand is poured with a thickness not exceeding the height of the nozzle 3. Then a device 6 of the bottom draft of the sediment is placed on the sand bottom 2, which is a piece of pipe with tightly sealed ends

 There are several holes in the direction. The device 6 is connected via a hose to a pipe 7 located in one of the end walls of the container 1. On the outside, a pipe 7 is connected to the end

5 nozzle 9 of the biological filter 8. A drum filter 10 is put on the nozzle 9. The filter 10 is a wire or wire rolled into a roll (drum).

nylon mesh with a size of 1.5-4 mm.

After placing the filter 10 on the vertical pipe 9, the filter 8 is closed with a cover 11, and then the bottom opening of the biological filter 8 is connected with an airlift 12 by means of a hose, which, in turn, is connected to the biological filter 13. Before the bottom 14 of the biofilter 13 put a layer of glass wool 0.5-1.0 cm or a nylon layer; then a supporting layer of gravel with a grain size of 0.3-0.6 cm is placed, after which a coarse-grained filter layer of sand 15 is placed. Next, the bottom hole of the biological filter 13 is placed through the anga is connected to the nozzle 16 of the cultivator 17 mollusks and filamentous algae. On the perforated bottom 18 of the cultivator 17, an underlying layer of fine-grained gravel is placed on which a filtering layer of sand with a grain size of 1.0-1.6 mm is then poured. A nylon mesh with a size of no more than 0.8 mm is placed on top of the filtering layer of sand, and then the biocenoses of 20 mollusks with filamentous algae are placed on top of the mesh. The cultivator 17 is connected to the cultivator nozzle 22 by means of a hose 23. At the perforated bottom 24 of the cultivator 23 there is a filtering load 25 consisting of gravel and sand, and in the filtering load 25 there are aquatic plants with their roots. To prepare the installation for operation. Water is supplied from the storage tank (28 through the pipeline through the open valve 29 to the filter 13. Water then flows by gravity through the filter loading 15 and the perforated bottom 14 through the hose enters the nipple 16, passes the filter loading 19, the holey 18 of the cultivator 17 and then flows through the bottom of the cultivator 17 through a hose into the nozzle 22 and thus fills the cultivator 23.

After the cultivator 23 is filled, water flows by gravity through pipe 27 through a pipeline with pipe 3 into container 1. When water reaches the tank 1 and the pipe 7 is above, water from tank 1 through the holes of device 6 under hydrostatic pressure flows by gravity through pipes 7 pipe 9 of filter 8 and fills it. The nozzle 27 of the cultivator 23 is located at the maximum working level of the water of the tank 1. Moreover, the tank 1 and the filter 8, and also the filters 13 of the cultivator 17 and 23 communicate with each other according to the Type of communicating vessels. After filling the system with water in the manner described, shut off the valve 29 and shut off the water supply from the storage tank 28 to the system. Excess water can be removed from the system by flushing it through the pipeline

open valve 4. Through this valve, the installation can be emptied while the airlift is running, 26.

After the installation is filled with water in the written way, the blower 36 is put into operation and the air is supplied to the air supply system through the open valves 31 - 35 to the aerator 30, airlifts 12 and 26 and the aerator 21, while regulating the intensity of water aeration and airlift performance. At the same time, by means of airlifts 12 and 26, they regulate the rate of water circulation in such a way that all the water in tank 1 completely passes through biofilters 8, 13 and cultivators 17 and 23 once a day.

Prepared fish breeding machine. in the described manner, they are left in operation for 3-5 days to adapt the biocenoses of mollusks, filamentous algae and hydrophytes to the hydrochemical regime of circulating water, as well as to form a biofilm of microorganisms on the filter media of biological filters and cultivators. On the 6th-7th day, fish are placed in the tank 1 and begin to feed them with live food, for example, bloodworms, vegetation or other species of aquatic organisms, for example, shell-shaped, figurative.

Technological process of water purification

0 in the period of growing fish (see Fig. 2) is as follows. In the course of the water circulation, the large particles that pollute the water are retained on the drum filter 10, and the valuable filtered water through the airlift 12 is then supplied

5 to biological filter 13, passes its filter loading 15 and is cleaned of fine mist. Suspended suspensions in the form of contaminants on the drum filter 10 and the filter loading 15 of the biological filters 8 and 13 are subjected to degradation by the biocenoses of the biological film of microorganisms, with (we clean the water being cleaned before entering the biological filter 13 is aerated by means of airlift 12, performing in this case also the role of the pump. The content of oxygen dissolved in water fluctuates within 2– S mg / l.

Upon receipt of the purified water from the biological filter 13 in the cultivator 17, the water contains the smallest suspensions and dissolved organic matter. During the cleaning process, the cultivator 17 is intensively aerating water with aerators 21 and aerobic oxidation of contaminants. Besides

In addition, the biocenoses of mollusks carry out continuous filtration and purification of water from the smallest suspensions, and filamentous algae adsorb dissolved nutrients, including nitrogenous, and also enrich the water with oxygen in the light. The final process of water purification takes place in the cultivator 23 using hydrophytes with the biocenosis of microorganisms by biologically extracting dissolved nutrients, while the airlift 26 supplied to tank 1 purified water contains on average 5-9 mg / l of dissolved oxygen.

An excess of biomass of hydrophytes can be used as fish feed, or it can be added dry to system 37 as a substrate for growing protozoa. For this, system 37 can be dispensed from biofilter 13 and water containing tiny suspensions and organic matter in order to stimulate the growth of protozoa. The live feed dosing system 37 is a tank with live feed that is manually dosed into the tank 1.

For more intensive development of filamentous algae in the cultivator 17 and hydrophytes in the cultivator 23, they are illuminated with artificial lamps. FIG. 1 and 2, the dosing system for live food is simplified, and the lighting system of cultivators 17 and 23 is conventionally not shown. The performance of filters and cultivators and their load on the MIC are determined by conventional methods.

At steady-state biological equilibrium, a stable gas and hydrochemical composition of water is observed in the process of growing fish for 6-10 months, with the evaporating amount of water periodically replenishing from the storage tank 28. The fish grown, the biological film, the biocenoses of mollusks, filamentous algae and hydrophytes are in the installation there is a single ecological system, in which live food coming from outside is used as food for fish, and its residues and products of fish metabolism are used for the growth and development of a microorganism in, filamentous algae, molluscs and hydrophytes, which excess biomass is removed periodically from the system.

The proposed plant for growing fish is simple in design, reliable in operation and has an undeniable effect over other technical means that ensure the purification of water by physicochemical methods alone.

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Dosage of live food.

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Claims (1)

FISH PRODUCTION PLANT containing fish tank with aerator, coarse filter, cultivator with algae, storage tank. air supply system and water circulation system, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of water purification and thereby improve the conditions for growing fish _? it is additionally equipped with a sequentially installed fine filter and a cultivator with mollusks and filamentous algae equipped with an aerator, a coarse filter communicated with a fine filter, cleaning by airlift, a fish tank is connected to a coarse filter using a device for collecting bottom sediments, and the cultivator with algae is connected to the tank for fish using an overflow pipe and a pipe with airlift, while the output of the tank is introduced into the fine filter C Fig 1