SU112904A1 - The method of determining the average flow rate in river flows and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Description

The known methods for determining the average flow velocity in river streams and devices for their implementation do not allow determining the flow velocity of water on the vertical of the gauging section or at the flow point in the entire speed range observed in actual river flow conditions from small (less than 1). 2 cm / s), to maximum speeds.

The described method is free from the indicated disadvantages.

According to the described method, the average flow rate of water on the vertical of the hydrometric section or at the point of flow is judged by the difference in emptying times into the flow for constant; head filled with water cylindrical vessel with a vertical axis odi ;; times against the direction of the current, and the other downstream. In this case, the flow rate U is determined by the relationship:

frjI:

where toj and - the volume of fluid released into the still water and into the stream; to and ti, respectively, expiration time; and - the area of the outlet; n is the number of outlets.

The drawing shows the described device in section.

Along the hollow rod / with a funnel 2 on one line and specified distances, holes 3 are made of the same diameter. The internal cavity of the shank / using a tee 4 with a tube 5 attached to the shtange / is connected to a lenticular vessel 6, the level indicator is open from above a glass measuring tube 7. A vessel 8 is connected to the vessel 6 with openings in the upper part for air outlet. The lower part of the stringer / is made of links of pipes of equal length, fastened together with the help of sleeves 9, and is provided with a tip 10 for embedding into the ground.

To measure the velocity at any point in the flow, a pressure hose is connected to the tee 4 with the tube 5.

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No. 112904

Staiga / is installed at the place where the vertical speed is measured. With this tee 4 must be at the height of the possible velocity head. Exceeding the height of the velocity valve by vessel 6 by a few centimeters with the direction of the apertures 3 against the flow creates the pressure necessary for the flow of water into the stream within a few minutes. After filling with water, the time for emptying the vessel 6 and the tank 8 to the flow is determined using a stopwatch to lower the water level in the tube 7.

Subject invention

Claims (4)

1. A method for determining the average flow velocity in river streams according to the time of emptying a cylindrical vessel filled with water under constant pressure, characterized in that, in order to increase the range of velocity determination, the average flow velocity on the vertical or at the point of the gauge is measured the time difference between emptying the vessel to the depth of the entire vertical or to the point of flow once against the direction of flow and the other along the flow. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, made in the form of a hollow shtanga with a funnel, characterized in that, in order to determine the average flow velocity in the vertical of the gauging station and ensure a constant pressure of the water discharged into the stream, along the pole in one line specified distances are made of the same diameter of the hole, and the internal cavity of the shtanga is connected to a vessel equipped with a level indicator in the form of a glass measuring tube and holes in the vertex using a tee with a tube attached to a rod. It portion to the air outlet. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to ensure the health of its operation, the lower part of the string is made of links of pipes of equal length, fastened together by means of couplings. 4. Device on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to measure the average flow velocity at the flow point, a pressure hose with a tip is used in it, which is connected to the tee.