SU1114724A1 - Method and apparatus for reconstructing canal - Google Patents

Abstract

I. A channel reconstruction method, including the development and removal of soil at an acute angle on the channel sections adjacent to its slopes, using a dredge, characterized in that, in order to improve the hydraulic characteristics of the channel and simplify the work technology by allowing simultaneous cleaning, Initially, the dredger will develop and remove the grooves in the bottom sections of the channel located and mediate along its axis, then with a time interval of 1-2 days, the grooves will be developed and removed in the channel sections, openings to its openings, at an angle of 30-60 °, which is carried out from top to bottom QT by the top of the eyebrow channel, and the development of the surface bottom is done by forcing water into the suction pipe of the dredge, the remaining sections dnd channel ridges of soil with an overlap of 1 / 3-1 / 5 of its width. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the forced supply of water to the suction inlet of the dredge is carried out in a volume not less than the volume developed (L krui a surface slab. 3. A device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 2, containing a dredger with a suction nozzle in the form of a bucket and a collector of pressurized water with jetting nozzles, characterized in that the bucket is equipped with an additional pressure conduit with jetting nozzles directed to the suction nozzle and wired with a discharge valve connected to it with a water flow control valve.

Description

The invention relates to land works on water conducting canals made by means of hydromechanization to ensure the supply of the required agricultural production of irrigation water, intended for the development and removal of soils during reconstruction (expansion of the channel) and simultaneous cleaning from the silting of the existing irrigation canals and can be used when building canals.

There is a method for reconstruction of the channel, which includes the preliminary development by the excavator of the soil adjacent to the slopes, with the subsequent development of the soil adjacent to the longitudinal axis of the channel of the dredger (I.

With this method of construction, channel slopes are reliably and efficiently formed, but if another extension is needed (reconstructed) of a previously built channel, this method is not applicable, since the dumps of the soil previously laid in the dredger are close to the edge of the channel and then there is no space left for the excavators. In addition, the production technology for this method is complicated, since the development of the soil by the dredger at the bottom of the channel does not ensure a smooth adhesion to the near-excavation excavation, previously arranged by the excavator, and leaves behind undisturbed soil crests. It also reduces the hydraulic characteristics of the channel.

A device for reconstructing a canal is also known, comprising a suction dredger and a scraper with jetting nozzles. The advantage of this device is that it is capable of developing a submerged bottom soil 2.

However, the operation of this device is complicated by the fact that it is not necessary to simultaneously and simultaneously control two working bodies: a scraper and a suction dredger; it is difficult to practically realize this in the underwater face, therefore this device cannot be used for effective excavation.

The closest technical solution to the present invention is a method for reconstructing a canal, including the development and removal of soil at an acute angle on the canal sites adjacent to its slopes using a dredger (3.

Closest to the present invention is a device for reconstructing a canal containing a dredge with a suction nozzle in the form of a bucket with jetting nozzles and pressure water supply (4).

The known device does a good job of developing the soil in the underwater face, including the channel adjacent to the slopes, but is not able to develop the surface of the subterranean bottom and therefore additional earth-moving equipment is involved in performing these works, which generally complicates the technology and increases the cost of work.

The purpose of the invention is the improvement of the hydraulic characteristics of the reconstructed channel and the simplification of the work technology by providing the possibility of simultaneous cleaning.

The goal is achieved by the method of reconstruction of the canal along the entire transverse profile, including the development and removal of soil at an acute angle on the canal sites adjacent to its slopes, using dredgers, initially the dredge develops and removes the soil on the canal bottom sites, located directly along its axis, then, at a time interval of 1–2 days, the soil is developed and removed in the channel sections adjacent to its slope, at an angle of 30-60 °, which is carried out in the direction c erhu downward from the upper edge of the channel, with the development of the freeboard is produced slaughtering out by forced feed water into the inlet zemsnar yes, then removed the remaining portions of the channel bottom soil ridges overlapping, / 31/5 of its width.

In addition, the forced supply of water to the suction inlet of the dredger is carried out in an amount not less than the volume of the development of the soil above the bottom.

In the apparatus for carrying out the method, KOBUI is provided with an additional pressure conduit with jetting nozzles directed to the suction inlet and a flow valve installed on it connected to the water supply control valve.

In FIG. 1 shows the reconstruction of the channel, according to the proposed method, a general view; in fig. 2 - section AA on. one; in fig. 3 — suction dredger suction inlet, general view; in fig. 4 is the same, view B in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 - pressure pipe with flow valve.

The device for reconstructing the channel contains a dredger I equipped with any working body 2, and a dredger 3 equipped with a working body in the form of a suction nozzle with a cowling 4, which with the help of hydraulic cylinders 5 and cable 6 can be rotated around shch.arnirov 7 and 8 into both side of the diametral plane of the dredger. On each side of the bucket 4, the nozzles 9 are fixed, connected to the collector 10. The bucket 4 is additionally equipped with jetting nozzles P directed inside the intake manifold.

and a pressure conduit 12, equipped with a flow valve 13 with a valve 14 in the form of a hollow waterproof tank.

Example. The method of reconstructing channel 15, where a channel with a width along the bottom of 40 m is reconstructed into a channel with a width along the bottom of 60 m, with simultaneous removal of sediment from a thick layer htA 0.7 - 1.3 m, is carried out by the proposed device as follows.

Initially, the I paapt dredger trailed and removed the soil in the areas of Dnakanal 15 adjacent to its longitudinal ben 16 (I plot of works). Then, with a time interval of 1-2 days, the soil is developed and removed in the areas of the channel 15 adjacent to its slopes 17 (And the work area), in the direction from above of the upper section from the upper edge 18 of the channel. Moreover, the working body of the dredger 3 cyclically changes its position relative to the axis 16 of the channel. The angle with the channel axis at the beginning of the cycle is 60 °; in the process of operation, it decreases to 30 ° and then increases again to 60 °. Accepting an angle of less than 30 ° leads to an increase in the steepness of the trajectory of movement of the working organ in the body, which does not contribute to a smooth junction of the bottom sections and slopes of the channel and, accordingly, significantly deteriorates the hydrodynamic characteristics of the channel. When accepting an angle of more than 60 °, the productivity of the dredge is reduced due to excessively improved trajectory of the working body of the dredge.

The time interval between the I and II stages of work is assumed to be 1-2 days. Less than 1 day is not enough to reorient the equipment on the And stage of work, increasing this interval more than 2 days leads to spontaneous natural collapse of slopes, which also worsens the channel hydrodynamic characteristics and complicates further work on the restoration of the channel profile.

The development of the surface slag 19 is carried out by means of automatically regulated forced water supply to the suction nozzle of the bucket 4 of the dredge 3. in an amount equal in volume to the volume of the soil being developed. For a dredger with a capacity of 150 m / h on the ground, the volume of forced water is 150. With a smaller volume of water, soil transportation through the dredge pipe is difficult, and an increase in the volume of forced water impairs the technical and economic indicators of the method.

After the first stage of the work on the bottom sections of the channel 15, the largest ridges of the ground dredger 20 not picked up remain at the edges of this section 1 / 3-1 / 5 of its width, therefore the second stage ends with the removal of these ridges, respectively, with 1/3 overlap -1/5 width of the bottom of the channel 15 (20-12 m).

At the bottom of the channel 15, adjacent to its slopes 17, during the development of the surface of the bottom 19 to the suction inlet of the dredge 3 forcibly through water jet nozzles II supply water in a volume equal to the volume of the developed soil. When in contact with the surface of the water valve 14 from the pressure P of the water will block

The discharge conduit 12, the jetting nozzles I1, stop working.

Thus, the canal reconstruction of the canal by the proposed method provides a simplification of the work technology by providing the possibility of its simultaneous cleaning, as well as increasing its water carrying capacity, since an improved quality of canal reconstruction is achieved bringing it to the design profile

much smaller irregularities, which excludes, in particular, the shortage of soil in the form of the remaining ridges. Thanks to the proposed method, the development of slopes 17 and formation up to design marks is carried out particularly efficiently and with high quality, as well as more accurate (smooth) junction of slopes 17 with the channel bottom is achieved.

Due to the fact that the development of the surface slab 19 is done by

 Forced water feed into the suction bucket 4 of the dredger 3, it was possible to simplify the production technology, namely, to release the excavators that were previously used to form slopes, and to simultaneously carry out the cleaning and reconstruction of the canal. Due to the fact that the valve 14 of the valve 13 of the flow is made in the form of a hollow waterproof tank, automatic control of the water supply to the bucket 4 has been achieved, which simplified the control of the valve

0 13 consumption and save water and energy costs to drive a water pump.

The economic efficiency of the proposed method for reconstructing a channel of 5 in the amount of 11.3 thousand rubles was obtained by reducing the cost of work to 405 rubles. for 1000 m of soil, against 730 rubles compared with the basic technology. An additional economic effect (120 rubles / day) from increasing the channel's throughput capacity was obtained. Compared with the basic technology, two excavators of the type E-652 were released. Technological work was significantly increased, since it became possible to simultaneously perform work with only one type of mechanism, namely, the ground dredger.

The results of the calculation are performed in relation to the channel width

but the bottom is 30-40 mn, 5 km long. However, the problem of elevated hydraulic systems is similar. Its characteristics arose during the reconstruction of the main channel with a width along the bottom of 100–120 m and a length of 20 km. Accordingly, for a channel with such parameters, the economical efficiency of the proposed method will be much higher.

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Claims (3)

METHOD OF CHANNEL RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. (57) 1. A canal reconstruction method, including the development and removal of soil at an acute angle in sections of the canal adjacent to its slopes, using a dredger, characterized in that, in order to improve the hydraulic characteristics of the canal and simplify the technology of work by making it possible to simultaneously cleaning, initially a dredger develops and removes the soil in the sections of the channel bottom located directly along its axis, then with an interval of 1-2 days, develops and removes the soil in the sections of the channel, adjoin to its slopes, at an angle equal to 30-60 °, which is carried out in the direction from top to bottom of the mouth of the upper edge of the channel, and the development of surface slaughter is carried out by means of forced supply of water to the dredging nozzle of the dredger, after which the ridges remaining on the sections of the bottom of the channel are removed soil with overlapping 1 / 3-1 / 5 of its width. 2. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that the forced supply of water to the suction nozzle of the dredger is carried out in an amount not less than the volume of development of soil surface slaughter. 3. A device for implementing the method according to PP. 1 and 2, comprising a dredger with a suction pipe in the form of a bucket and a pressure water collector with hydraulic nozzles, characterized in that the bucket is equipped with an additional pressure pipe with hydraulic monitor nozzles directed into the suction pipe, and a flow valve connected to it connected to a flow control valve water.