SU1113428A1 - Anode assembly of aluminium electrolytic cell with top current supply - Google Patents

Abstract

I. ANODE DEVICE OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYZER WITH TOP CURRENT, including carbon anode body, steel case, pins and heat-conducting vertical metal plates, which are made by the way the flow of carbon material, plastids, are made by using the same pattern. the area of the maximum end section to the area of the minimum end section is 1.10-10, the plates are installed, along the periphery of the carbon body of the anode so that their large edges are located along the casing walls, and the size of the gap between the end faces of the adjacent plates is 1–3 half the thickness of these ends.

Description

2, The device according to p. 1.0 tl and zhuha, the ratio of which to half-intelligently is that the Hfci plates are set at a distance from a set of 1113428

The maximum and minimum thickness is 1 / 10-10.

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of aluminum, to the design of the anodic device of an aluminum electrolyzer. An anode electrolysis device for producing aluminum 5 is known to be made in the form of heat pipes placed outside the anode and connected to an air discharge line 1J. When using a heat carrier for heating the periphery of the anode, the power consumption increases and the cost of manufacturing the mainline and the anode casing increase. Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is an anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with an upper electrical lead, which includes an anode carbon body, a steel case, pins, and ethylconductive vertical metal plates 2. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the poor quality of the aand and the high consumption of carbon raw materials. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the anode and reduce the consumption of carbon raw materials. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with a top current lead, including the carbon anode, steel casing, pins and heat-conducting vertical metaplastic plates, the plates are made with variable thickness, and the ratio of the maximum face area to the minimum face area The sections are between 1.1 and 105 plates are placed along the periphery of the carbon body of the anode so that their large faces are located along the walls of the casing, and the gap between the end faces of the shell The bottom gshastin is 1-3 half the thickness of these ends. In addition, the plates are located at a distance from the casing, the ratio of which to the half-sum of the maximum and minimum thickness is 1 / 10-10. When the ratio of the area of the maximum face section of the plate to the area of the minimum face section less than 1.1, it is impractical to produce plates with different thickness, since the heating of the upper peripheral layers is unequal or excessive in the central zones near the longitudinal walls of the anode housing or insufficient in the face and corner zones. If this ratio is more than 10, then in areas of the anode with thin plates, the mass around the casing does not fully soften. The thickness of one plate along its length may be different (for example, at one end of the plate this size may reach 35-40 mm, and on the opposite 10-15 mm. In this case, when the thickness of each plate is the same, several types of plates are used that differ apart from each other at the specified size; for example, plates with a greater thickness are installed in the anode's corner zones than in the central zones near the longitudinal walls of the casing. The minimum thickness of gshastine can be about 0.5 cm, thinner plates are deformed and cannot be achieved Necessary results on heating the upper layers of the mass. The thicker the plate, the more heat is transferred from the lower heated layers of the anode to the upper layers. However, increasing the thickness of the plate more than 5 cm is impractical due to the fact that with high metal intensity of the device heating the Bepxmix layers overwhelming

the distribution of the pitch on the periphery is uneven.

The thickness of the plates should increase in the direction from the middle of the casing walls to the corners. This provides the same degree of heating of the upper layers of the mass located at the casing, around the perimeter of the anode.

If the size of the gap between the end faces of the adjacent plates is less than half the thickness of these ends, the installation of the plates is difficult and the metal is not used rationally. With a gap that exceeds the half-sum of the thicknesses of the opposite ends of the adjacent plates more than three times, a layer of solidified anodic mass appears between the end faces.

In the case when the ratio of the distance between the plates and the walls of the casing to the half-sum of the maximum and minimum plate thicknesses is less than 1/10, the heat loss through the walls of the casing increases noticeably and the efficiency of the device decreases. When this ratio is greater than 10, the mass layer between the casing and the plates does not fully soften.

In order to obtain the greatest economic effect in the implementation of the proposed technical solution, the heat-conducting plates, installed on the periphery of the anode, must differ in height depending on the zone in which they are located. The height of the plates in the corner and end zones should be greater than that of the longitudinal walls of the casing, at the same time the plates installed in the corners can be thicker than in any other zone.

The metal plates are buried in the liquid mass completely or so that the distance from their upper edge to the anode surface does not exceed 3-5 cm, otherwise the heat loss from the open part of the plates will significantly increase, and the carbon mass at the casing will not soften.

34284

The distance from the lower edge of the plates to the surface of the sintering cone is not less than 5-7 cm, since with a smaller distance, in the event of any violations of the technological mode, the plates can be baked into the annealed part of the anode.

FIG. 1 shows an analog device, a cross-section; on

0 fig. 2 - the same, top view.

The anode device consists of the carbon body of the anode, which includes the sintered part 1, the liquid layer of the anode mass 2 and is located in the steel casing 3. The current-carrying pins 4 are installed in the liquid mass 2; metal fins 5 for cooling the liquid portion in the central zone, as well as vertically arranged in

0 mass aluminum plates 6, which are attached to the casing 3. When mounting the plate is attached to the casing with special hooks (brackets). Plate length 150 mm, height 500 MMj

5, the thickness of each plate increases in the direction from the axes to the corners of the anode and is about 10 mm near the longitudinal walls of the casing, 15 mm at the end walls, and 20 hfm at the corners. Clearance width

Q between the casing and the plates located at the longitudinal and end walls, 20 mm, in the corner zones of 30 mm.

As a result of using the device, the temperature of the upper layers of the mass near the casing increases from 50 to 130 ° C, which ensures uniform pitch distribution over the anode zones, increases the height of the sintering cone around the periphery, reduces the number of pitch ducts in the electrolyte, improves the quality of the anode side faces, reduces consumption carbon raw materials and process electricity.

When using this technical solution, the quality of the anode is improved and the consumption of the anode mass is reduced by 4 kg per 1 ton of aluminum, and the drop is reduced

0 voltage in the electrolyzer and process power consumption per 150 kWh per 1 ton of aluminum.

Jj

Claims (2)

I. ANODE DEVICE OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYZER WITH UPPER CURRENT SUPPLY, including the carbon body of the anode, steel casing, pins and heat-conducting vertical metal plates, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the anode and reduce the consumption of carbon raw materials, the plates are made with a variable thickness, and the area ratio the maximum end section to the area of the minimum end section is 1.10-10, the plates are installed on the periphery of the coal body of the anode so that their large faces are located along the wall to the casing, and the gap between the end faces of adjacent plates is 1-3 half the thickness of these ends. SU p "1113428 I 113428 2. The device according to π. 1, on the basis of a fly, the ratio of which to half-noise is that the plastics of maximum and minimum thickness are installed at a distance from the bones and makes 1 / 10-10.