SU1101282A1 - Heat- mass-exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A HEAT AND MASS EXCHANGE DEVICE, comprising a housing with p-fittings for input and output of interacting phases, inside of which pipes are fixed, fixed in tube sheets, contact devices are installed in the pipe walls, each of which is made in the form of a truncated cone, directed downward by a smaller base, about l and h and with the fact that, in order to intensify the process by repeated contact of the phases, each contact device is equipped with additional truncated cones, one of which is set to mirror the pain our base, and the other - coaxially with the cones at a distance of Yanin from the upper cone with the formation of a gap for the passage of fluid. (Oh c

Description

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The invention relates to chemical engineering and can be used to clean gas from dust and to carry out heat and mass transfer processes under countercurrent conditions.

A tubular scrubber is known for absorbing sulfur trioxide in production from sulfuric acid, comprising a housing equipped with fittings for input and output of interacting streams. In the cavity of the body, tubes are strengthened with tube grids through which the oro {liquid is passed, and in the annular space a cooling BOfiaJlll moves

The disadvantage of this scrubber is that it has 6 small efficiencies of low productivity, limited by the area of use. Poor performance is determined by the small linear velocity of the gas and the small contact surface of the phases.

A heat and mass transfer apparatus is known that includes a housing with nozzles for input and output of interacting phases, inside of which pipes fixed in tube sheets are placed, contact devices are installed in the cavities of the pipes, each of which is made in the form of a truncated cone, directed in a lower base 2 .

The disadvantage of the known apparatus is its small efficiency — insufficient productivity, high hydraulic resistance, device complexity. Insufficient performance results from the limited active interactions between gas and liquid.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process by repeatedly contacting the phases.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known heat and mass transfer apparatus comprising a housing with inlets and outlets of interacting phases, inside which pipes are fixed, fixed in tube sheets, contact devices are installed in the pipe cavities, each of which is made in the form of a truncated cone directed smaller base down, each contact device is equipped with additional truncated cones, one of which is set to mirror on a larger base, and the other coaxially with cones at a distance from erhnego cone to form a gap for prohodazhidkosti.

The indicated design of the contact tubes increases the number and efficiency of the contacts of the interacting phases and manifests itself in an increase in the productivity of the apparatus.

Blocks of truncated cones are installed in contact pipes with

step 1-2 D in height (D is the diameter of the contact pipe). If we take the average height of contact pipes ti 15m (in the form of 3-5 sections), then in pipes with a diameter of 300 mm

0 installed 50 truncated blocks

cones. They will provide 50 contacts of gas and liquid, as a result of which the aim of the invention is achieved by increasing the number of contacts.

5 vrazalmodeystvuyuschih phases.

Each block, consisting of two paired cones and one additional cone, provides two local fluid circuits.

, This ensures fluid accumulation in the blocks and a higher density of contact pipes irrigation. As a result, an increase in the efficiency of contacts of the interacting phases is achieved. This also manifests itself in an increase in the productivity of the apparatus.

FIG. 1 shows the upper part of the apparatus, a general view in section; Fig -2 - the upper section

0 contact pipe.

The apparatus includes a housing 1 provided with a nozzle 2 for introducing a liquid phase and a nozzle 3 for evacuating the exhaust gas (inlet nozzles

5 gas and the withdrawal of waste liquid phase, placed in the lower part of the body, not shown).

In the cavity of the housing 1, a pipe grid 4 is installed, in the holes

Q whose contact tubes 5 are reinforced. Their upper ends protrude above the tube sheet 4 and are provided (Fig. 2) with openings 6 for insertion into the - tube of the LIQUID phase. In the cavity of the pipe height placed blocks truncated

cones, made in the form of confusion 7 and 8 and the diffuser ..- 9 .. The confuser 8 and the diffuser 9 are fastened to the pipe 5, and the confuser 7 is installed at a distance of JANIN from the confuser 8 and bonded to

0 him (mount not shown).

The device works as follows.

The liquid is introduced into the apparatus from above through the pipe 2. It spreads 5 s through the tube sheet 4 and enters the pipes 5 through the holes. Stacks down the liquid fills the pockets

formed by confusion 8 and pipes 5. As soon as the liquid

0 through Wits in a cube, gas is supplied to the scrubber. It passes through the cavities of the pipes, effectively contacts under each block of truncated conical shells with the liquid phase, as a result

5, a predetermined degree of gas or liquid processing is achieved. Exhaust gas is discharged from the scrubber through pipe 3.

Let us consider in more detail the interaction of the flow of gas and liquid by the example of the upper block of truncated conical shells (phi. 2). The gas flow is indicated by long, and the liquid flow is indicated by short arrows.

At the approach to the shell unit, the gas moves along the entire cross section of the pipe 5. But when approaching the diffuser 9, the gas flow narrows, its velocity increases. As a consequence, the gas captures a significant part of the fluid flowing from the diffuser 9. Upon entry into the space between the diffuser 9 and the confuser 8, the gas flow expands again and its velocity decreases. Part of the trapped liquid is thrown by gas onto the diffuser 9 and it immediately flows down from it. Local circulation of fluid forms.

With the passage of confusors 8 and 7, the gas flow again narrows and its velocity increases. As a result, the gas captures part of the liquid flowing out of the gap between convergers 8 and 7. But at the exit of the confusion gas flow expands again, its speed drops. As a result, part of the trapped liquid is thrown to the wall of the pipe 5. This liquid is connected to the liquid coming from the holes 6, and, the flow through the gap between the convergers 8 and 7, interacts with the gas flow. Thus, a second fluid circuit appears.

Due to the circulation of a part of the fluid in the areas of the blocks of the truncated conical shells, liquid accumulates. As a result, the density of the irrigation increases in the areas of the blocks and the efficiency of the contacts of the liquid with the gas increases.

Effective contacting of the gas and liquid flows is also carried out under the diffuser 9, i.e. between the blocks. Flowing in the form of a film from the diffuser 9, the liquid disintegrates into droplets that collide under the diffuser. As a result of the collision and under the action of the flow, the droplets are crushed and form a new developed surface. In addition to effective interaction, it is easier to capture a part of the liquid with gas to circulate it in the area of the blocks.

Thus, in contact tubes, multiple and efficient contacting of the interacting flows is provided, which increases the productivity of the apparatus.

Since the gas flow in pipes is repeatedly narrowed and expanded without changing the direction of motion, multiple and efficient contacting of the flows is achieved due to the relatively small hydraulic resistance of the apparatus. As a result, the energy costs for the operation of the apparatus are reduced.

The proposed device is characterized by simplicity of design. Consequently, the costs of its manufacture, maintenance and repair are reduced, which, together with an increase in productivity, also reduces the cost of treating gas or liquid.

Each pipe section can be fixed not only in the openings of one tube, but also in two tube sheets. In this case, the annular space can be used to cool the flows moving in the pipes.

The device can be made for work both under atmospheric and under increased pressure. The body of the apparatus and the contact tubes may have a different shape in cross section, round, rectangular, etc. U

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Claims (1)

2. USSR copyright certificate No. 582798, cl. B 01 D 3/26, 1976.; HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER APPARATUS, comprising a body with nozzles for input and output of interacting phases, inside of which there are pipes fixed in tube sheets, contact devices are installed in the pipe sections, each of which is made in the form of a truncated cone directed with a smaller base downward, characterized in that that, in order to intensify the process by repeatedly contacting the phases, each contact device is equipped with additional truncated cones, one of which is mounted mirrored on a larger base And the other - with cones coaxially at a distance from the upper cone yanii to form a gap for the passage of fluid.