SU1599064A1 - Absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to chemical engineering and can be used to carry out absorption processes accompanied by the generation of heat, such as absorption of ammonia, and improves productivity by reducing the temperature of the liquid phase. The absorber includes a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles of gas and liquid, in the cavity of which the contact devices are arranged in height in the form of overlapping inclined plates attached alternately in staggered order to the housing, cooling tubes are installed at the free ends of the plates. The absorber can be equipped with additional gas inlets placed between the contact devices, while the flow area of the lower pipe does not exceed 20% of the total cross section of all gas inlet pipes. 1 hp ff, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to chemical engineering and can be used to carry out absorption processes involving heat generation (e.g. ammonia absorption).

The purpose of the invention is to increase the capacity of the absorber by lowering the temperature of the liquid phase.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed absorber, a general view in section; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - absorber with additional gas inlets, general view.

The absorber includes a housing 1 provided with nozzles 2 and 3 for introducing gas and liquid, respectively, and nozzles 4 and 5 for evacuating gas and liquid, respectively. In the cavity of the housing 1 in height there are inclined plates 6, alternately overlapping the right and left halves of the section of the absorber cavity, and their free edges (FIG. 2) are wavy, which

provides a uniform runoff of the liquid phase from the inclined plates 6 and uniform irrigation of the cooling tubes 7 placed on the inclined plates 6. The absorber is equipped with additional gas inlet nozzles 8, while the bottom nozzle must not exceed 20% of the total gas inlet nozzle.

The absorber works as follows.

The start of the absorber starts with the supply of coolant to the pipes 7. Then through the pipe 3 into the absorber serves the liquid phase. As soon as it reaches the bottom part of the absorber, gas is fed through the pipe 2 into the absorber. The absorber is in working condition.

Consider the work of the absorber on the example of the interaction of flows in the gap between the two lower inclined plates 6.

The liquid phase entered from the upper inclined plate 6 (the third

sd

; about with

about

O5 4:

below), is cooled when striking the surface of the pipes 7. The stack is on a slope, the liquid phase is additionally cooled by contact with the lower surface of the pipes. By cooling on the second inclined plate from the bottom, the liquid phase is prepared to absorb gas in the gap between the two lower inclined plates. As the liquid phase drains from the wavy edge of the inclined plate, its common jet is divided into numerous small jets. When moving downward these jets under the action of gravitational forces are stretched and thinned. At the site of the path near the lower inclined plate, the jets are converted into droplets. Due to the renewal of the surface in the gap between the two inclined lower plates, efficient gas absorption occurs.

When colliding with the cooling and pipes 7 located on the bottom of the gas concentration decreases, as a result, even a small amount of heat is released in this space. If, however, it is taken into account that, when moving upward, the gas flow encounters an ever colder liquid phase, it becomes apparent that, due to the flow of the gas flow, the temperature of the liquid phase is lower, which ensures a higher absorption rate. And this, in turn, improves the capacity and / or efficiency of the absorber. The number of additional nozzles 8 for gas inlet located at different levels in height can vary from two to three.

Some embodiments of inclined plates are possible: they have different configurations in absorbers of different shapes and can be mounted at different angles.

to the horizon.

Cooling pipes preferably

15

bami 7 located on nilch.msp pap-v ...-. x / l, -

In the 10NN plate, the secondary fraction is carried out, blown through the casing, from the inclined plate, 1.phi1. The end of the end into the inlet collection of jets and drops. Here again, a developed and updated surface of the contact of the phases arises and effective cooling of the liquid phase is realized, which ensures the absorption of a certain part of the gas.

With the passage of gas upward, such interactions are repeated in all the gaps between the inclined plates. The gas then leaves the absorber through pipe 4, and the liquid phase, having passed the absorber cavity from top to bottom, is discharged from the absorber through pipe 5.

The optimum gap between two adjacent inclined plates is 0.2–0.3 m. Under these conditions, the flow of the liquid phase will reach a speed of 2 m / s at the year of passage to the cooling tubes. With such a speed, the liquid phase will bombard the cooling tubes. Taking into account the transverse interaction of the flowing liquid phase with the pipes, effective heat exchange between the cooling medium flowing through the pipes and the liquid phase washing the pipes outside is achieved. More efficient heat transfer will provide a faster absorption rate, resulting in higher productivity and / or absorber efficiency.

In the case of an absorber with an additional gas inlet nozzle, first a volume of gas not exceeding 20% of the initial stream is introduced into the lower nozzle 2, then the gas is mixed with fresh gas from nozzles 8.

by moving one end to the inlet manifold, and the other end to exit outside the discharge manifold. The cooling tubes can be installed in several horizontal rows and on a wider part of the inclined plates.

In the proposed absorber (as compared with the known), the productivity and / or efficiency is increased, which is achieved due to the intensification of the cooling of the liquid phase involved in the process, accompanied by the release of heat.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula . An absorber that includes a housing with cuts for input and output phases, the height of which contains contact devices in the form of overlapping inclined plates attached alternately in a staggered order to the housing, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity decreasing the temperature of the liquid phase, it is equipped with cooling tubes mounted on the free ends of the plates at the points of their overlap, while the ends of the plates are made wavy 2. Absorber on. Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with additional gas inlet nozzles located between contact devices, wherein the cross section of the lower nozzle does not exceed 20% of the total cross section of all of the gas inlet nozzle. 40 45 The gas concentration decreases, as a result of which only a small amount of heat is released in this space. If, however, it is taken into account that, when moving upward, the gas stream encounters an ever colder liquid phase, it becomes apparent that, due to the flow of the gas, parts of the liquid phase are provided with a lower temperature, which ensures a higher absorption rate. And this, in turn, improves the performance and / or efficiency of the absorber. The number of additional nozzles 8 for gas inlet located at different levels in height can vary from two to three. Some embodiments of inclined plates are possible: they have different configurations in absorbers of different shapes and can be mounted at different angles. to the horizon. Cooling pipes preferably v ...-. x / l, - 0 run through the housing, from the dump end to the inlet of one end to the inlet manifold and the other end to exit outside the outlet manifold. The cooling tubes can be installed in several horizontal rows and on a wider part of the inclined plates. In the proposed absorber (as compared with the known), the productivity and / or efficiency is increased, which is achieved due to the intensification of the cooling of the liquid phase involved in the process, accompanied by the release of heat. Invention Formula . An absorber comprising a housing with pat- ters with input and output phases, the height of which contains contact devices in the form of overlapping inclined plates attached alternately in chess order to the housing, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity by lowering the temperature liquid phase, it is equipped with cooling tubes mounted on the free ends of the plates in places where they overlap, while the ends of the plates are wavy. 2. Absorber on. Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with additional gas inlet nozzles located between contact devices, wherein the flow area of the lower nozzle does not exceed 20% of the total cross section of all gas inlet nozzles. 0 five 7Q- ig. one ig.2 FIG.