SU1099044A1 - Arrangement for unscrewing pipes in a well - Google Patents

Abstract

1. DEVICE FOR REVIVING PIPES IN THE WELL, containing a body, a sub, spindle, measles, ratchet couplings located on both sides of the core outside the body, a body rotation mechanism made in the form of a helical pair with a helical groove on the body, and a spike attached to the spindle , characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device when unscrewing pipes stuck at a great depth, and pipes located in an open well bore, it is provided with a housing in its lower part by means of a spline Connection and axially mounted transition sleeve with thread for fishing tools and safety sleeves, one of which is rigidly connected to the bark, and the other is placed on the outer surface of the housing and fixedly connected to the latter by pins located between the spiral grooves, This spindle is made in the form of a piston with a protrusion and with a saddle mounted under the ball in an axially movable direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, in the case of (the fact that the studs are diametrically opposed, and the piston with the sub connected § with a spline connection. 3. The device according to claim 1, .o tl and that the KMeet support sleeve with a projection for; o: o o 4; ib interacting with the protrusion of the piston.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a device for eliminating accidents in a well with drill pipes. A device for unscrewing pipes in a well is known, comprising a housing, a measles, a turning mechanism made in the form of a helix-shaped pair and a ratchet coupling, a stem, a spindle, having a through passage channel, the upper end of the stem being connected directly to the drill pipe string lj. However, this device is difficult to manufacture in small diameters for use inside production strings, for example, to deploy tubing pipes. The closest to the proposed technical essence is a device for unscrewing pipes in a well, comprising a housing, sub, spindle, measles, ratchet couplings located on both sides of the core outside the case, - a multi-sided non-canism of case rotation, made in the form of a screw pair with a spiral groove, and a spike attached to the spindle, 3 spindles there is a choke hole to maintain the required pressure in the hydrocore 2. The disadvantages of the known devices are the fixed connection of the spins of the cases with the emergency pipes and the direction of the working stroke of the spindle upwards, at which additional axial tensile forces arise. The presence of significant axial upward forces limits the use of the device in deep wells. When drilling deep wells in the upper part of the column, there are maximum allowable stresses due to the weight of the column. Creating additional stretching force can lead to the breakage of the drill string in the upper section. The presence of one spiral groove contributes to the occurrence of significant axial forces directed upwards during the working stroke of the spindle upwards. During the operation of the device, it is necessary to maintain a constant pressure drop by pumping fluid through the spindle throttle opening that may cause it to be flushed. This can lead to disintegration of the device due to pressure drop, ratchet couplings, springs, groove and spline joints open, which reduces the operability of the device. In addition, the fixed connection of the spindle with emergency pipes when reloading the device contributes to the twisting of the emergency pipes and additional loading of the core, which can lead to a breakdown of the core. The known device does not reliably work with a thread-cutting fishing tool. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device when unscrewing pipes stuck at a great depth and pipes that are in an open wellbore. This goal is achieved by the fact that a device for unscrewing pipes in a borehole, comprising a housing, a sub, a spindle, a measles, ratchet couplings located on both sides of the core outside the housing, a housing rotation mechanism made in the form of a screw pair with a helical groove on the housing and a spike mounted on the spindle is provided with a sleeve in its lower part connected to the housing in the lower part by means of a spline joint and mounted with the possibility of axial movement with a threaded fitting sleeve, and safety sleeves, one of which is tightly bound. the core and the other are placed on the outer surface of the body and are fixedly connected to the latter by means of pins located between the spiral grooves, the spindle being made in the form of a piston with a protrusion and with a gray ball mounted movably in the axial direction, opposite the Toroj, and the piston with the sub is connected by a splined joint. The sub has a support sleeve with a protrusion for interacting with the protrusion of the piston. FIG. 1 shows the upper part of the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - lower part of the device; longitudinal section; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 1; in fig. 4 - the upper part of the device in the lower position. Piston, longitudinal section; FIG. 5 shows the lower part of the device with the lower position of the studs and the upper position of the adapter sleeve; in fig. 6 - the upper part of the device after raising the pistons of the emergency column in the process of recharging, cut. The device comprises a housing 1, attached to the bark 2 by means of a locking joint consisting of balls. 3, located in the annular grooves of the housing 1, and the sleeve 4, screwed on the bark 2. Inside the bore 2 and the housing 1 there is a piston 5. The lower part of the piston 5 is made in neither of the shank 6, diametrically located, the openings of which are fastened to the thread fingers 7. Shank 6 is located inside housing 1, and the central part of the piston 5 is located inside the core 2, in this part there are side holes 8 through which fluid flows to the dies 9 and 2 of the core 2. The upper part of the piston 5 is located inside the sub 10 and enters with it in spline connection. The piston 5 is connected by splines with the pipe 11. This spline connection consists of grooves 12 made in the piston 5 and protrusions 13 made in the pipe 11. The projections 13 of the pipe 11 enter the grooves 12 of the piston 5. The piston 5 can move up and downward relative to nozzles 11, which are attached to bark 2 with the help of balls 3. Inside piston 5 there is a cage 14, the central part of which is made in the form of a rod 15. Cage 14 has holes 16. Above cage 14 in the central channel 17 of the piston 5 saddle 18 is reinforced with shear pins 19. Internally The opening of the saddle 18 is larger than the diameter of the rod 15, and the height of the rod 15 is greater than the height of the saddle 18. The holes 16 in the cage 14 are made so that after the saddle 1 8 has fallen with the ball 20 in the cage 14, the saddle 18 will not block them. In the upper part, the piston 5 contains a cylindrical protrusion 21, in which a toothed crown 22 is made. Below the protrusion 21 is a cavity 23. The splined toothed nozzles 11 and 24 together with the spring 25 form a ratchet sleeve 26 located in the upper part of the core 2. The nozzles 24 have a spline connection with the core 2, in which there are grooves for the projections of the nozzles 24. Anchor 2. dies 9 on the outer end surface of which teeth are cut to engage; With the inner surface of the casing, in the annular groove of each die 9 there is a sealing element 27. In the dimples of the dies 9 springs 28 are attached attached to the bark 2. The inner surface of the core 2 and the outer surface The piston 5 is sealed with elements 29 located in the grooves of the piston 5. The shank 6 of the piston 5 is connected with studs B to the housing 1. Each stud B consists of a finger 7 and a slide 30 in which a hole is made for the finger 7. In FIG. 3 shows the diametrical arrangement of the studs B. The slides 30 are located in the vertical part of the screw grooves 31 of the housing 1. There may be several studs B, depending on the magnitude of the load acting on the side surfaces. The sliders 30 are made of a helical shape corresponding to the shape of the helical part of the groove 31 (in Figs. 1 and 5, only one bar B is installed in the groove 31). In the upper part of the sub U, the threads 32 are cut to connect to the column of emergency pipes and the spline grooves 33 under the spline protrusions 22 of the piston 5 (Fig. 4). In the lower part, the sub 10 is fixedly connected to the support sleeve 34. The piston 5 is connected to the sub 10 by a shear pin 35. In the finger groove of the protrusion 21 of the piston 5 a sealing ring 36 is installed. The shear pin 35 temporarily keeps the piston 5 from moving it down under its own action weight. A safety sleeve 37 is attached to the sub 10 and bark 2 with pins 38 and 3. With this, the pin 38 securing the sleeve 36 to the sub 10 is shear and its resistance to shearing is less than the strength of the pin 39. The safety sleeve 37 prevents particles from entering rocks vhrapovuyu coupling 26 and slotted grooves of the piston 5, and also holds the body of the core 2 in the upper position. The safety sleeve 41 is attached to the housing 1 with the help of pins 40. This prevents the rock particles from getting into the ratchet sleeve 42. The pins 40 are taken so as to ensure the rigidity of the housing 1 at the locations of the grooves 31, as in the process of screwing with the upper end of the torn buriap the pipe body 1 may be deformed at the locations of the grooves 31. In the lower part the body 1 has a spline connection B with a transition sleeve 43 (FIG. 2), the sleeve 43 can move up and down, while moving the sleeve 43 will be PICs continuously in splined engagement with the casing 1. In the bottom part of the bushing 43 is cut left thread for engagement with a fishing tool. In this case, the bell 44 is taken as the fishing tool. Instead of the bell 44, any other thread-cutting fishing tool can be attached. The presence of the adapter sleeve 43 allows the thread-cutting fishing tool to move downward as it is screwed onto the stuck pipe. In the known device similar transition sleeve 43 no.

In the sub 10 and in the safety sleeves 37 and 41, there are dps compensating for the pressure of the fluid inside and behind the device.

The device works as follows.

In order to remove a pipe string from the well, the device is connected to the emergency pipe through the threads 32 of the sub 10, and the necessary fishing tool is screwed onto the adapter sleeve 43. Before docking the well is washed. After pre-docking the devices. With the stuck column, the ball 20 is shed and the pressure inside the column of emergency pipes is created with rinsing fluid, under which the dies 9 are pushed out of the core 2 and adhered to the casing. To return the dies 9 to their original position are the springs 28. I

In the case of using the device in an open well bore, it is necessary to use appropriate measles. Under the action of pressure, the piston 5 cuts off the pin 35 and starts moving downwards. When the piston 5 moves, the spikes B move first along the vertical part of the grooves 31 and after the piston 5 leaves the spline engagement B with the sub 10 the spikes B enter the screw part of the grooves 31.

The transition sleeve 43 after pre-docking is located

on the protrusion 21 of the piston 5, forcing it to move upwards. At this moment, the housing 1 remains unavailable, and the piston 5, interacting with the spikes B, turns, while the upper sleeve 11 freely slips along the gear teeth of the coupling 26.

FIG. 7 shows the position of the piston 5 and the sub 10 at the end of the lift. After this ascent, the column of emergency pipes is lowered down to its original position, and the described operation of the device is repeated, with the only difference that in the column of emergency pipes they create a pressure greater than the previous cycle. Such operations are performed until the pipes are completely unscrewed.

After unscrewing the stuck pipe, before lifting the device with the pipe to the surface in the emergency pipe string, such pressure is created at which the pins 19 are cut, and the seat 18 with the ball 20 falls down. The ball 20 is held by the core part 15 of the cage 14, and the saddle 18 falls to its bottom.

If necessary, rinse well, after which the device with the pipe is raised to the surface. The purpose of the spline connection of the piston 5 with the piston 5 is necessary not only for pre-joining the device with the broken end of the pipe, but also for disconnecting the device from the stuck pipes if they cannot be removed. in the upper position. The housing 1, through the adapter sleeve 43, transmits the left rotation to the fishing tool 44. The ratchet sleeve 42 allows the housing 1 to rotate freely to the left and does not allow it to return to its initial position. The ratchet clutch 26 senses the reactive torque from the piston 5 and remains stationary, preventing the piston 5 from turning to the right. With the piston 5 completely full down, with its protrusion 21 vpitit in contact with the protrusion 21 comes in contact with the protrusion of the support sleeve 34 (Fig. 4) . If, after a full stroke of the piston 5, the stuck pipes are not turned away, the device must be recharged. For this purpose, an emergency column; the pipes are lifted, while pin 38 is cut and sleeve 34 presses

The proposed device is more reliable in operation than the known one, since it allows to unscrew the stuck pipes located at great depths, due to the fact that the axial load is not transferred to the emergency pipe string when unscrewing, while in the known device The tool is carried out when lifting the emergency column upwards, which increases the tensile forces and thereby creates dangerous stresses in the mouth of the emergency pipe. The presence of safety sleeves prevents entry into the ratchet couplings, springs, housing grooves

and in the splined joints of the piston with the transitional hub of the particles of rock, besides this, the upper safety hub with the help of

the pin keeps the measles in a stationary position, and the bottom - has a rigid connection with the body in the area of the grooves, which increases the strength of the body from radial deformations in sections weakened by the grooves

when creating torque. The presence of diametrically located spikes in the two grooves allows for increased torque with the application of the same axial load, while the presence. adapter sleeves - use a threaded tapping tool.

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Claims (3)

1. A device for opening pipes in a well, comprising a housing, a sub, a spindle, an anchor, ratchet couplings located on both sides of the armature outside the housing, a housing rotation mechanism made in the form of a screw pair with a spiral groove on the housing, and a stud mounted on the spindle This is due to the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of the device when unscrewing pipes stuck at great depths and pipes located in the open borehole, it is equipped with a joint connected to the body in its lower part via a spline connection the axle and mounted with the possibility of axial movement of the adapter sleeve with a thread under the fishing tool and safety sleeves, one of which is rigidly connected to the anchor, and the other is placed on the outer surface of the housing - and is fixedly connected to the latter by means of pins located between the spiral grooves, while the spindle made in the form of a piston with a protrusion and with a saddle mounted movably in the axial direction under the ball. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the spikes are diametrically opposed, and the piston with a sub connected via a spline connection. 3. The device according to Claim. Characterized in that the sub has a support sleeve with a protrusion for interaction with the piston protrusion.