SU1084835A1 - Device for reading graphic information - Google Patents

Abstract

- DEVICE FOR READING GRAPHIC INFORMATION, containing optically coupled illuminator, rectangular prism, light guide and tablet, the coordinate mechanism of which is mechanically connected to the electric drive, optically coupled lens and screen, photo head, whose input and output are connected respectively to the first output and the first the input of the tracking signal generation unit, the drive input is connected to the first output of the drive control unit, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first outputs of the synchronization unit and b Function keypad, the second output of the drive control unit is connected to the first input of the transmitter, the output of which is connected to the input of the buffer memory block whose output is the device output, the second output of the tracking signal generating unit is connected to the first input of the tracked line display unit and the second inputs calculator and synchronization unit. The second output of which is connected to the second input of the monitored line display unit, and the third output to the second input of the tracking signal generation unit, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the device, the first and second optical gates, the first and second beam splitting elements, are five the illumination unit, the illumination unit, the sweep scanner, the photoelectric transducers and the line feature analysis unit, with the rectangular prism sequentially arranged on the same optical axis, the first optical shutter, the first The lidator, the first beam splitter (L element and the photo head, and on the other optical axis are sequentially arranged the display unit of the traced line, the second gate, the third polarizer, the first beam splitting element and the second beam splitting element, optically connected to the object, -... ... tive and a scanner optically coupled through the fourth and fifth 00 4 polarizers with photoelectric converters, the outputs of which ac with are connected to the first and second inputs of the line characteristic analysis unit, the third input of which union of a JV third output of the function keyboard, a fourth output is connected to the control inputs of the first and second optical gates, the first output line characteristics analysis unit is connected to the third input of the synchronization unit, the fourth input of which is connected to the second output lines signs analysis unit and Lane

Description

the second input of the backlight unit, optically connected to the screen, the second input of the backlight unit, connected to the fifth input of the synchronization unit, is connected to the output of the scanner, the fifth 10848 35 input of which is connected to the fourth output of the synchronization unit, and the second input to the second output tracking signal generation unit.

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular to graphic data processing devices, and can be used to convert complex graphic information, such as topographic maps into a digital form. Apparatuses for reading graphic information are known, comprising a tablet with a coordinate mechanism, a control unit, a photo-head read control unit and a memory unit L. The drawbacks of such devices are low reliability, and the high probability of introducing errors when reading complex graphic information containing a large number of intersections and branches. The closest in technical essence to the invention is a device for reading graphic information containing optically coupled illuminator, rectangular prism, light guide and plate, the coordinate mechanism of which is mechanically connected with the electric drive, optically coupled lens and screen, photo head, input and the output of which is connected respectively to the first input code and the first input of the tracking signal generating unit; the drive input is connected to the first output of the drive control unit, whose inputs are connected respectively, to the first outputs of the synchronization unit and the functional keyboard unit, the second output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the calculator, the output of which is connected to the input of the buffer memory block, the output of which is the device output, the second output of the tracking signal generation unit to the first the input of the monitored line display unit and to the second inputs of the calculator and the synchronization unit, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the display unit of the sensed line (the third line, and the third output from the second Eye input of the tracking signal generation unit. A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of accuracy of the device, due to the introduction of subjective errors by the operator in the process of digitizing lines. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device by introducing an automatic search and capturing of the read lines and controlling the digitization results of the lines by comparing the digitization results with the original graphic information. This goal is achieved in that a graphic information information device comprising optically coupled illuminator, a rectangular prism, a light guide and a tablet, the coordinate mechanism of which is mechanically coupled to the electric drive, an optically coupled lens and screen, a photo head, the input and output of which are connected respectively, with the first output and the first input of the tracking signal generation unit; the drive input is connected to the first output of the drive control unit, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first the outputs of the synchronization unit and the functional keyboard unit; the second output of the drive control unit is connected to the first input of the calculator, the output of which is connected to the input of the buffer memory block whose output is the output of the device; the second output of the tracking signal generating unit is connected to the first input of the traced line display unit and to the second inputs of the calculator and the synchronization unit, the second output of which is connected to the 5th second input of the tracked line display unit, and the third output to the second input of the forming unit tracking signals, the first and second optical gates, the first to the second beam-splitting elements, five polarizers, backlights, a scanning unit, photoelectric transducers and a line feature analysis unit were introduced, with a square prism arranged on the same optical axis, the first optical the shutter, the first polarizer, the first beam-splitting element and the photo head, and on the other optical axis 20 are sequentially located the display unit of the traced ion, the second shutter, the third polarizer, the first light a divider element and a second beam splitting element, optically connected to the lens and scanner, optically coupled through the fourth and fifth polarizers with photoelectric converters, the output of which is connected to the first and second inputs of the line feature analysis unit, the third input of which connected to the third output of the functional keyboard unit, the fourth output of which is connected to the control inputs of the first and second optical gates, the first output of the line feature analysis unit is connected to the third input ohm of the synchronization unit, the fourth input of which .40 is connected to the second output of the line feature analysis unit and to the first input of the backlight unit optically connected to the screen, the second input of the backlight unit connected to the nth 45th input of the synchronization unit is connected to the output the scanner, the fifth input of which is connected to the fourth output of the synchronization unit, and the second input - to the second output 50 of the tracking signal generation unit.

Fig. 1 shows a functional diagram of a device for automatically reading a graphic 5S-5S formation; Fig, 2 is a functional diagram of the scanner; FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of the analysis block;

The device includes a tablet 1 with an electric drive 2 of the coordinate mechanism, the input of which is connected to the first output of the drive control unit 3, the first optical axis containing successively located the illuminator 4, a rectangular prism 5, which is optically connected through the light guide 6 to the tablet 1, a shutter 7, a polarizer 8, a beam-splitting element 9, a polarizer 10, a photo head 11; a second optical axis, comprising successively located tracked line display unit 12, sweeper gate 13, polarizer 14, beam-splitting element 15, lens 16, screen 17, optically coupled to the backlight unit 18; synchronization unit 19, the first input of which is connected to the first output of functional keyboard 20, the first output to the first input of the drive control unit 3, the second output to the second input of the monitored line display unit 12, the third output to the second input of the tracking signal generating unit 21 the first inputs and outputs of the latter are connected to the output and input of the photo head 11 and the second output is connected to the first input of block 12, the second input of block 19 of synchronization and the second input of calculator 22, the first input of which is connected to the second output of block 3 of control The drive is driven, and the output is to the input of the buffer memory block 23; photoelectric converters 24 and 25, which, respectively, via polarizers 26 and 27, the scanner unit 28 are optically connected to the beam-splitting element 15, and the second input of the scanner unit 28 is connected to the second output of the tracking signal generating unit 21, the first input to the fourth output of the unit 19 synchronization, output to the fifth input of the synchronization unit 19 and the second input of the backlight unit 18, the first input of which is connected to the fourth input of the block 19 and the second type of the line feature analysis unit 29, the first output of which is connected to the third at the input of block 19 synchronization. to the first and second input to the output of photoelectric converters 24 and 25, and to the third input the third output of the functional keyboard block 20, the fourth output of which is connected to the input of the optical gates 7 and 13, the second output to the second input of the drive control block 3 (Fig. includes a series of an optical axis, a connected cp beam splitter element 15, a sweep unit 30 X, a sweep unit 31 Y, a lens 32 and a beam splitter 33, a drive unit 34, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the X sweep unit 30 and node 31 sweep Y; an angle-code sensor 35 whose input is connected to the output of sweep node 30 X, and a movement sensor 36 whose input is connected to the output of sweep node 31 Y and sensor outputs are connected to the corresponding input of the synchronization unit 19, the input of the backlight unit 18 and the first input of the code comparison circuit 37, the control unit 38, the first input of which is connected to the fourth output of the synchronization unit 19, the second input to the output of the code comparison circuit 37; the register 39, whose input is connected to the second output of the tracking signal generating unit 21, and the output to the second input of the code comparison circuit 37 "Line characteristic analysis unit 29 (Fig. 3) contains threshold elements 40 and 41, whose inputs are connected respectively to the photoelectric output 24 and 25 rim converters, and outputs to the first input of the flip-flops 42 and 43; adder 44, the first input of which is connected to the output of the trigger 42, and the second - the trigger 43, and the output to the first input of the counter 45, the other input of which is connected to the output of the generator 46, and the output to the second input of the code comparison circuit 47, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the functional keyboard block 20, and the output to the first inputs of the elements 48 and 49, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the trigger 42 and trigger 43, and the outputs to the third and fourth inputs of the block 19, element 50, the first input of which is under Key to trigger exit 42, the second input is to the first output of the trigger 43 and the output is to the second input of the triggers 42 and 43 and to the third input of the counter 45. The synchronization unit 19 is a typical unit that performs the reading and comparing functions. transfer to a new state, output and repetition and contains triggers of the operation mode of the device: capture, tracking, manual input and correction, fragment translation (not shown); the first comparison circuit, the first input of which receives the coordinates of the reading beam; from the second output of the tracking signal generation unit 21, and the second input - the coordinate signals of the boundaries of the image fragment, and the output is connected to the setup input of the tracking mode trigger; generator, the output of which is connected to the counter of the sweep; a second comparison circuit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the sensors 35 and 36 of the block 88 and the output of the scan coordinate counter; the fragment number counter, the input of which is connected to the output of the sweep coordinate counter, and the output to the first input of the electric drive control unit 3. The calculator 22 contains a read-only memory (ROM) and an adder (not shown), the first input of which is connected to the second output, the drive control unit 3, the second input - to the output of the ROM, and the output - to the input-. DU of the memory unit 23, the ROM input is connected to the second output of the tracking signal generating unit 21. Display unit 12 contains a projection CRT, random access memory (RAM), the output of which is connected via a video amplifier to a CRT modulator, a series-connected generator, a coordinate meter, a code-voltage converter (PDV) and deviation amplifiers (not shown). Optical shutters 7 and 13 contain an opaque shutter and electromagnet. Illumination unit 18 is a two-dimensional optical scanning unit and contains an illuminator, a scanning mirror mechanically connected with two control electromagnets, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the deflection amplifiers, and the inputs of the latter to the outputs of the VCP, whose input is connected to the outputs of sensors 35 and 36 scanners. The drive control unit 3 contains a generator connected to the inputs of the switch and a pulse counter, the output of which is connected to the fragment number counter (not shown), the output of which, in turn, is connected to the second input of the downlink 22 and to the comparison circuit, the second input of which connected to the first output of the synchronization unit 19, and the output is connected to the control input of the switch via the first input of the OR element, the second input of the OR element is connected to the second output of the functional keyboard block 20, and the output of the switch is connected to the step vym motor of the electric drive 2 of the coordinate mechanism.

The tracking signal generating unit 21 comprises a generator connected to a coordinate counter of the next sweep (not shown), the output of which is connected to the address input of the ROM and to the first input of the adder, the output of which is connected to the input of the photohead 11, and the output of the photohead 11 is connected to the enabling input of the ROM . the output of which is connected to the first input of the coordinate register, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the synchronization unit 19, and the output to the second input of the adder, to the first input of the unit 12, the second input of the unit 19 and the second input of the calculator 22.

Scan node X contains an optical-transponder that converts a linear image of a line into a circular one and represents a set of light guides, one ends of which are fixed on a ruler, and the second on a fixed disk, a movable disk on which one light guide is attached. the end of the fiber alternately covers the ends of the optical fibers of the optical transformer mounted on a fixed disk, the second end of the fiber is located on the axis of the movable disk (not shown).

Sweep unit 31 Y is a one-coordinate movement mechanism on which the fiber optic array of sweep unit 30 X is installed.

The device operates in the following modes: installation, automatic z-akhvat, tracking, manual input and correction, the transition to the next fragment.

In the installation mode, the reference coordinate system is plotted.

This is a device to the coordinate system of the carrier of graphic information (for example, a topographic map). Starting from a rectangular coordinate system, setting the coordinate systems includes lighting the origin () and eliminating the tilt angle (oip). The tilt angle of the coordinate systems is eliminated by rotating the tablet by rotating the correction screw until the sighting line identified with the device’s coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis of the coordinate system of the graphic information carrier. The origin of the coordinates is made by the operator through the functional keyboard block 20 by moving the flexible end of the light guide 6 in steps & X (iY) to the zone containing the origin and then aligning the reference points on screen 17. Then the current coordinates of the tracked line X and Y are determined

X - (, n-noUK + U-M,

X-lm-rnoU Uv-Yo),

where n (w) is the largest number of steps of the tablet coordinate mechanism;

n (td) - the number of steps when combining the origin of coordinates X) - coordinates of points in the coordinate system of the photo-head;

 coordinates of origin in the coordinate system of the photo-head.

The reading of graphic information is carried out according to image fragments from the floor of the graphic information carrier. This is due to the fact that for the operator to ensure the work and increase the accuracy of the input on the screen, an enlarged image is projected and, therefore, only a part of the image from the carrier of graphic information can be displayed on the screen. The transition from tracking one piece of a graphic image to another is made upon completion of its input. The number of image fragments is determined by the dimensions of the end face of the flexible light guide 6, which, using a prism 5, transfers part of the image from the graphic carrier.

information on the screen 17. In turn, the size of the end face of the light guide 6 depends on the required input accuracy and resolution of the hardware used in the device. After setting the origin, the operator from the functional keyboard block 20 switches the device to the Capture mode by cocking the trigger-mode Capture of the synchronization block 19. In this mode, the device performs line-by-line scanning of a fragment of the image, combined with its copy and comparison of these images. ,

Image alignment is implemented on a translucent mirror, on one side of which the light flux from the projection CRT of the block 12 falls on one side and the light flux from the prism 5 transported through the optical fiber 6 of the image fragment of the graphic information carrier to the other side.

Since the light fluxes of the image and its digital copies are combined, to separate them at the input of converters 24 and 25 and extract only the image of a graphic information carrier at the optical input of the photo head of the light flux, these light fluxes will polarize into polarizers 8 and 14 different planes, which subsequently allows them to be separated by polarizers 10, 26 and 27.

The incrementing coordinates of the scanning image in the Capture mode are set by the scan coordinate counter of the synchronization block 19, which is recorded in the coordinate register of the tracking signal generation unit 21 and, via the adder of this block, to the photo head 11 The coordinates of the address of the read beam from the output of the register of coordinates of the block 21 is received in the register 39 of the scanner 28.

Further, the coordinates of the beam recorded in the register 39 arrive at the second input of the comparison circuit, where they are compared with the coordinates of the sensors 35 and 36, and the result of the comparison arrives at the second input of the control unit 38. The control unit 38 generates a control signal to the drive of the scanner unit 28, which begins to affect the nodes 30

and 31 sweeps} (and Y until the code recorded in register 39 and sensor codes 35 and 36 match, as a result of which the optical beam output of sweep 28 receives two polarized beams scanned by sweep node 30 and sweep node 31 and Y lens focused 32 images from a graphic carrier

0 information and block 12 with coordinates corresponding to the coordinates of the read beam of the photo head 11. Next, one of these rays passes through the polarizer 26 horizontal

5, the planes where the image from the storage medium is selected, and the other through the polarizer 27 of the vertical plane, where the image from block 12 is separated, to the inputs of photoelectric converters 24 and 25, where the light flux is converted into an electric signal. From the output of photoelectric converters 24 and 25, the electrical signal is applied to

the input of the line attribute analysis unit 29, respectively, to the input of the threshold element 40 and 41. In the analysis unit 29, the received time is determined for the incoming signals

0 mismatch and formed a sign of not tracked or incorrectly digitized lines. The permissible discrepancy time (error) is set by the operator from the functional keyboard block 20, the code of which enters the first input of the code comparison circuit and is compared with the counter 45 readings triggered by the generator 46 when only one arches

42 out of two triggers, 43, i.e. if in the scanned image area, the block 28 sweeps the line only on tablet 1 or block 12. When two lines appear, two triggers are simultaneously activated via threshold elements 40 and 41, causing the element 50 to reset the counter 45 and the triggers 42 and 43, which corresponds to the case of a correctly digitized% line. In the case of a line in the zone. Scanning unit 28

sweep only from block 12 through the threshold element 40 is entered trigger 42 and when you increase the counter code 45

5 above the error code, code comparison circuit 47 generates a More signal, according to which an error signal appears at the output of AND 48, which.

arrives at the first input of the synchronization unit 19 and according to which the manual input trigger of the unit 19 is activated, the device interrupts the operation and switches to the manual input and correction mode. Further, if the scanner 28 only has a line in the scanned area on the graphic information carrier, the analysis unit 29 at the output of the element 49 generates a signal of the presence of an untracked line which is fed to the third input of the synchronization unit 19 for charging the Tracking trigger and which the device goes to the Tracking mode lines with the initial coordinates coming from the sensors 35 and 36 of the scanner unit 28. When there are no signals from the outputs of the analyzing unit 29, which translate the device into another mode of operation, the generator charges the coordinate counter of the unit 19 to analyze the next raster element of the image, and the matching of the readout addresses of the photohead 11 and the sweep unit 28 is monitored by the second comparison circuit of unit 19, the signal the comparison of which is the enabling signal for charging the coordinate counter. The Capture mode, if it is not interrupted by the analysis block 29, continues until the count of the coordinates of the synchronization block 19 overflows, which corresponds to the case that there is no fragment of non-digitized or incorrectly digitized lines in the image. The overflow signal of the coordinate counter of block 19 switches the device to the transition to the next fragment by cocking the Transition mode trigger and the fragment number counter in synchronization block 19.

The device enters the tracking mode when the Capture mode is interrupted when a signal appears. An trace is not tracked from the output of analysis block 29. In this mode, the devices begin to perform the next sweep by the photo-head 11 with the help of block 21 with initial coordinates stored in the coordinate register of the block from the coordinator counter. block 19 and the current coordinates located on the photo head 11 through the block adder .21 from the output of the counter coordinate sweep counter of the same block. Simultaneously {o in block 21 vectors

the coordinates of the increments of the calving aeMoii line, determined by the counter coordinates of the sweep at the time of the appearance of the line from the photo head 11, are converted into ROM to the coordinates of the increment of the address and entered into the coordinate register so that the beam moves along the tracked line. The current coordinates of the line from the second output of block 21 are fed to the second input of calculator 22, where the matrix transformation of the incoming coordinates of the monitored line takes place in order to eliminate distortions introduced by the optical system of the device and then the summation of these coordinates with the fragment number and origin coordinates. From the output of the calculator 22, the coordinates of the lines in the system, the coordinates of the graphical information carrier, are received at the input of the memory block. At the same time, the coordinates of these points from the second output of the tracking signal generation unit 21 are delivered to the first input of the unit 12, where they follow the tracked line, and to the second input of the scanning unit 28, to monitor the identity of the traced media line with line block 12 display. The identity of the images is controlled similarly to the mode of line capture by the absence of a signal More at the output of the code comparison circuit 47. Block 19 compares the coordinates of the monitored line with the internal ones corresponding to the fragment boundary using the first comparison circuit, and if the line goes beyond the boundary of the fragment, interrupts the device in line tracking mode and places the device in line capture mode by retracting the capture trigger.

Manual input and correction mode is used when manually entering or localizing the digital error that has occurred. The operator on the screen 17 observes the combined image of a fragment of the carrier of graphic information and the image from the display unit 12 of the traced line. If necessary, the operator can observe only one image, blocking the corresponding luminous flux from the functional keyboard block 20 using the shutter 7 or 13. In the case of

the occurrence of an error to the operator, the error zone on the screen 17 is indicated by the light beam from the backlight unit 18. In order to evaluate the quality of digitalization or quickly search for an incorrectly digitized section of the line, the operator from the functional keyboard block 20 sets the sequential switching on mode, the gates 7 and 13, while the image from the graphic information carrier and the image from the block 12 alternately appear on the screen. the lines are observed by the operator as a uniform image, and the portions of incorrectly rts, the lines as a blinking image. In this case, it is easy for the operator to select the area that was incorrectly digitized.

FIG. 7

lines, among many others, observed on the screen, or assess the quality of the digital process. The End of Fragment signal is generated in the mode; 3 ohv9t lines, provided that with a line-by-line reading over the entire area of the fragment, not a single portion of the non-digitized line is detected. On this signal, the device proceeds to digitize the next fragment. The introduction of the automatic capture mode of non-digitized lines allows to increase the accuracy and increase the productivity of the input, since the process of manual installation of non-tracked lines is replaced by automatic, which will reduce the installation time of the beginning of lines.

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Claims (1)

- DEVICE * FOR READING GRAPHIC INFORMATION, containing optically coupled illuminator, rectangular prism, optical fiber and tablet, the coordinate mechanism of which is mechanically connected to the electric drive, optically coupled lens and screen, photo head, the input and output of which are connected respectively to the first output and the first input of the forming unit tracking signals, the input of the drive is connected to the first output of the drive control unit, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first outputs of the synchronization unit and the function block of the national keyboard, the second output of the drive control unit is connected to the first input of the calculator, the output of which is connected to the input of the buffer memory unit, the output of which is the output of the device, the second output of the tracking signal generation unit is connected to the first input of the tracked line display unit and to the second inputs of the calculator and unit synchronization, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the display unit of the monitored line, and the third output with the second input of the unit for generating tracking signals, characterized in that o, in order to increase the accuracy of the device, the first and second optical shutters, the first and second beam splitting elements, five polarizers, a backlight unit, a scanning unit, photoelectronic converters and a line sign analysis unit are introduced, with a rectangular prism sequentially located on one optical axis - _β optical shutter, the first field is an S8 riser, the first beam splitter and a photo head, and on the other optical axis there is a display line of the tracked line, the second shutter, the third a polarizer, a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter, optically coupled to a lens and a scan unit, optically coupled through fourth and fifth polarizers with photoelectric converters, the outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the line feature analysis block, the third input of which is connected to the third output functional keyboard unit, the fourth output of which is connected to the control inputs of the first and second optical shutters, the first output of the line sign analysis unit nen to third input sync block, "the fourth input of which is connected to the second output of Bloch? For analysis of line signs and to the first input of the backlight unit, optically connected to the screen, the second input of the backlight unit connected to the fifth input of the synchronization unit is connected to the output of the scanner, the fifth input of which is connected to the fourth output of the synchronization unit, and the second input with the second output of the signal conditioning block tracking NII.