SU107117A1 - Centrifugal cleaner and exhaust silencer - Google Patents

Description

Centrifugal cleaners and silencers for exhaust gases of internal combustion engines are known, consisting of series-connected and horizontal dry and wet chambers, using sprayed water. The disadvantage of such cleaners is the lack of complete reliability of extinguishing sparks and gas purification from the finest soot fractions.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the present invention by installing a water-irrigated disk in a wet-cleaning chamber, which is driven from a separate engine. At the same time, to remove splashes of water with particles of soot trapped by it, the wet cleaning chamber is made with double walls, of which it is internally provided with slots.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a cross-section of a cleaner and a silencer.

The centrifugal cleaner and silencer consists of a feed w, its gases from nozzle 1, chamber 2 of primary separation, wet chamber 3, funnels 4 for releasing separated particles, exhaust silencing chamber 5 and venting their gases to the atmosphere of nozzle 6.

Approximately in the middle part of the chamber, 5, at the end of the shaft 7, the disk 8 is fixed, driven by the electric motor 9.

The shaft 7 is protected by a cylindrical housing 10, the end of which, facing the disk, has a conical part forming a fairing.

In front of the disk 9, from the side of the chamber 2, a distribution ring // is installed for irrigation. disk. The water supply pipe 12 passing inside the chamber 2 and the distribution ring // are protected by a cylindrical casing 13. Its end facing the disk has a conical part, which is a fairing, inside which is located the distribution ring //.

The wet-cleaning chamber is made with double walls, and the inner wall 14 is provided with longitudinal slots for the passage of splashing water with soot particles trapped by it.

The silencing chamber 5 is equipped with a silencing filter 15 designed to trap the finest soot fractions and at the same time to maximize exhaust silence.

Funnel 4 ends with pipe 16, the end of which is fed into tank 17, partially filled with water, forming a water seal.

Gases, but nozzle 1 tangentially supplied to primary separation chambers 2, acquire rotational-translational motion, as a result of which solid and liquid (oil) particles iodine by the action of centrifugal forces generated in a rotating flow are thrown to the walls of chamber 2 and slides along them under the action of the translational motion of the gas stream, fall into the chamber 3 and then into the bleed funnel 4.

Separation of particles from a rotating flow additionally occurs in chamber 5 under the action of centrifugal forces and inertia that occur when a current flows around the disk .9.

In addition, the water supplied to the disk through the holes in the distribution ring // and finely sprayed with a rotating disk forms a water mist-like curtain on the flow path, extinguishes the hot red particles (sparks) entering the chambers and contributes to the release of the fine fractions of soot, due to wetting and enlarging them with finely dispersed water particles.

The thinnest fractions of solid and liquid particles that are not thrown against the walls of chamber 2 (in case of a primary separation), since they were in the axial layers of the gas flow, when the gases rotated around the disk, caused by inertial forces, hit the surface of the rotating disk covered a continuous film of water, where they are wetted, and enlarged at high speed, exceeding the speed of movement of the gas stream, under the action of centrifugal forces of the rotating disk, are discharged from it along with particles of sprayed water in the direction to

the walls of chamber 3 and from there flow down (precipitate) into the funnel 4.

From the secondary separation chamber 3, the still rotating gas flow through the circular cylindrical ring adapter flows into the jamming chamber 5 and from there through the filter 15 through the nozzle 6 to the atmosphere.

The removal of the separated particles from the funnel 4 along with the water is carried out via a drain pipe into the collecting tank 17 with a water gate.

The amount of immersion in the end of the discharge pipe 16 in the tank is set in such a way that the static pressure of the water gate column is slightly less than the static pressure of gases in chamber 3 when the engine is operated with a low load, which ensures a constant flow of gases through the drain pipe in tank and out into the atmospheric pipe 18. Thus, the steady flow of a portion of the gas stream through the tank reliably ensures the transport of the separated particles from the funnel 4, blowing them through the drain pipe into the tank.

The maintenance of a constant level of water in the tank during the operation of the spark arrester with irrigation is carried out automatically by overflowing the incoming water through the upper edge of the vertical transfer welded inside the tank.

Overflowing water into the second chamber of the tank flows down the downpipe 19 overboard the vessel.

The sludge accumulated in the tank periodically descends through the cork cock 20 and downpipe 19 overboard.

The subject of the invention is a centrifugal cleaner and exhaust silencer for an internal combustion engine, consisting of sequentially connected and horizontally arranged dry and wet chambers using sprayed water, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of extinguishing sparks and purify gases from the thinnest particles, The measure is made with double soot wall, in a wet chamber, of which the internal

ki is set driven from the day-equipped with slots for passage

gatel and water-sprayed water with a horizontal axis captured by it, and samana:

No. 107117

FIG. one

No. 107117

 four

FIG. 2