SU1058900A1 - Method for biological purification of effluents - Google Patents

Abstract

THE METHOD OF BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT, including settling in primary septic tanks, processing active scrap during aeration in airbrushes G, following separation of water from sludge, so that, in order to increase the efficiency of the process by raising mineralization the ability of activated sludge and preventing its swelling, the biomass of bacteria of the genus Achromobacter strain 182 is introduced into aerotanks. S

Description

SP

00 f The invention relates to biological treatment with activated sludge from sewage containing organic pollutants and can be used to improve the treatment of both domestic and industrial food waste containing increased amounts of organic substances, especially of a carbohydrate nature, in biological wastewater The main role of water belongs to microorganisms of activated sludge, which makes mineralization of organic substances. As a consequence, the intensity and quality of biological wastewater treatment depends on the composition and activity of the bacterial flora sludge. A known method for the biological treatment of wastewater from industrial enterprises containing organic substances in dissolved form consists in the treatment of wastewater with activated sludge in the aeration tanks of the treatment facilities. Wastewater after primary sedimentation tanks, where they are partially freed from large suspended particles, grows into aerotanks, where they are aerated in a mixture with active microorganisms or for 8-24 hours. Aerotans, purified from organic pollutants, are drained, water enters secondary sedimentation tanks, active the sludge settles and is pumped back into aeration tanks with the help of pumps for reuse l. However, the high content of organic pollution in wastewater, especially of a carbohydrate nature (effluent from starch production at confectionery factories, etc.), causes a disturbance in the ecological balance of the sludge microflora. An excessive development of filamentous bacteria is observed, which leads to the development of a defect in the activated sludge - the so-called swelling of the sludge. During normal operation of treatment facilities, filamentous bacteria are in active sludge in small quantities. They are active mineralizers for organic matter. The excessive development of these bacteria worsens the work of the aerotank bot due to the fact that their long springy threads prevent the deposition of activated sludge in secondary sedimentation tanks, which leads to the removal of part of the sludge with purified water. The amount of sludge returned to the aeration tanks decreases sharply, hence its concentration decreases. The load on the sludge unit increases, the quality of wastewater treatment deteriorates. A known wastewater treatment method, which involves the treatment of wastewater with activated sludge, which is increased by increasing biomass by introducing formaldehyde into the treatment plant in an amount of 50-300 mg / l 2j. The disadvantages of this method are the introduction of a chemical reagent, formaldehyde, into the treatment facilities, which adversely affects a number of simple organisms and microorganisms, especially capsules, limited use of the method for biological wastewater treatment plants produced during the production of synthetic rubbers. and containing formaldehyde. In addition, the method does not provide measures to combat filamentous forms of bacteria that cause swelling of sludge. The closest to the technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed method is a sewage 9OD sewage treatment, which provides treatment of the last active sludge in aerotanks while maintaining the pH of the effluent at 9-9.4 or at 5.0 as a measure to combat the swelling of activated sludge h However, a sharp alkalization or acidification of sewage leads to a decrease in the mineralizing activity of the sludge microflora, especially bacteria, capsules-free forms. By virtue of this, under industrial conditions the SiOT method is not used. It is known that the microflora of activated sludge is represented by bacteria of various species, mainly based on gram-negative, rod-shaped heterotrophic forms. The qualitative and quantitative composition of microbial cenoses depends on the nature of organic pollutants and the conditions of purification. Therefore, a change in the ratio of the bacterial flora may affect the biological treatment processes. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment by increasing the mineralizing ability of the activated sludge and preventing its swelling. The goal is achieved in that according to the method, including settling of sewage in primary sedimentation tanks, treatment with active sludge in combination with aeration in aeration tanks with subsequent separation of water from sludge, Achroro-ibacter bacteria ShTamm 182 are introduced into aerotanks The aerotank creates conditions for the intensification of the degradation of organic matter in wastewater. Strain 182 is actively involved in the metabolism of carbohydrate wastewater through the cycle of di- and tricarboxylic acids.

The rapid degradation of carbohydrates prevents swelling of the activated sludge, the BfcjHoc of the latter from the secondary settling tanks, which contributes to the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

Example 1. Two model aerotanks - mixers with a usable volume of 3 liters are brought in wastewater with activated sludge at a concentration of g / l from the aeration tanks of the sewage treatment plant during the active development of filamentous bacteria (500 cells in the visual field). 10 m suspension of bacteria of strain 182 at a concentration of 10,000 cells / ml, previously grown on synthetic

Place of selection

Number filament

Incoming

waste water Up to 20

medium of the following composition, g / l: glucose or hydrol 5-10, (N4) 504 0.5, trace element solution 1 ml - and washed off with 0.5% saline. During aeration of sewage, oxygen concentration 1 is provided not less than 3 g / l. At the same time, air is supplied by sparging in a volume of 15 mg / l by mechanical stirring of wastewater at atsm. The temperature is maintained at 20-32 ° C. The duration of aeration 4h. After this, activated sludge is precipitated for an hour and water is removed from the system.

A comparative analysis of the parameters for the experimental and control aerotanks is presented in Table. one.

Table 1 Silt T VPK, COD index I mg / l I mg / l

450

380

As can be seen from the data table. 1, the proposed method provides an increase in the mineralizing ability of the activated sludge and the prevention of its swelling.

Example 2. The biomass of bacteria of the genus Achromobacter pieces. 182 are introduced in a volume of 150-200 liters (concentration - 108 cells / ml) every 2-7 days into the distribution channel of the aeration tank of the treatment plant. Bacteria are pre-expressed in a volume of 150-200 liters in a container of non-corrosive material when air is supplied by sparging (15 mg / l). On 150-200 l of the medium described above, 10 l of bacterial suspension in concentration V

in spring-summer period, with an increase in water purification, as a result, by increasing the temperature and increasing carbon, the quantity of organic matter in the wastewater of the mineral water consumed, chlorine, which is negative, increases several times. the ralyuyuyu activity of microflora or detrimental affects the quality of the food is not enough for full and high quality water. In addition, there is

108 cells / ml. Vyrgitsivaniyu PYUVODOD 48 h at 20-28 ° C.

In tab. 2 presents data on the quality of wastewater treatment at

5 stations.

As a base object, a sewage treatment method is adopted, which consists in the fact that sewage from primary sludge into an aeration tank of 30 thousand is treated with active sludge during aeration. Air is supplied by sparging at a concentration of 15 mg / l for 2 hours, after which water is supplied to

5 secondary settling tank, chlorinated at a concentration of 5 mg / l and removed from the system.

t a b l a u

massive development of filamentous bacteria, leading to the swelling of sludge and its removal from the treatment plant.

Thus, the advantage of the pre, lagamigo method as compared to the base one is in environmental protection, since it intensifies the processes of bacterial mineralization in the aeration tanks and gets rid of the unwholesome swelling of the activated sludge.

leading to a deterioration in the quality of wastewater treatment, it is possible to reduce pollution of inland waters. In addition, it is possible to reduce the unjustified costs of chlorination (with a total volume of wastewater in sewage treatment plants of 90-120 thousand, additional consumption is excluded when swelling sludge O and b chlorine (77.0 rubles / day).

Claims (1)

METHOD OF BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT, including sedimentation in primary sumps, treatment with activated sludge during aeration in aeration tanks, followed by separation of water from the sediment, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the process by increasing the mineralizing ability activated sludge and prevent its swelling, in the aeroteki enter the biomass of bacteria of the genus Achromobacter strain 182.