SU1055803A1 - Coating for slopes of hydraulic structures - Google Patents

Abstract

1. COVERING OF HIPS OF HYDROTECHNICAL STRUCTURES, including the upper and lower plates with a waterproofing layer between them, laid with stitching seams, characterized in that, in order to improve the reliability and filtration stability of the coating, the lower plates are made in the form of ribbed relief with closed in plan grooves, and the upper plates have a profile opposite to the profile of adjacent parts of the lower plates, allowing the edges of the upper plates to enter the lower grooves. 2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs of the upper plates have more gentle side surfaces and are shorter in height of the ribs of the lower plates. and P (L

Description

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oo The invention relates to the slopes of hydraulic structures, the banks of reservoirs and other structures and can be used in the construction of soil plates, dams, canals, as well as anchorage banks of rivers, reservoirs, seas, embankments of roads and other objects. Coating slopes of hydraulic structures are known in the form of monolithic, precast-monolithic and precast reinforced concrete slabs 1. The disadvantage of these coverings of slopes is considerable labor-intensiveness for monolithic and precast-monolithic reinforced concrete slabs, and for precast reinforced concrete slabs - the unreliability of joints between precast slabs, which leads to their undermining by the wave and destruction of fastening. It is also known to cover the slopes of hydraulic structures, including the upper and lower plates with a waterproofing layer between them, laid with stitching seams. All plates are flat and bolted, as well as mixed, relative to each other, forming stepped ends around the perimeter. The presence of a waterproofing layer in the middle of the slab prevents water under wave conditions from penetrating through the slab into the soil and back out of the soil. This distinguishes this coating from other types 2. The disadvantage of the known construction is the significant material consumption of the coating, since both the upper and lower reinforced concrete layers work independently, like plates on an elastic base. Therefore, the thickness of reinforced concrete and the volume of concrete, as well as the reinforcement for this coating, is approximately 2 times larger than for a conventional single-layer slab. This coating does not exclude the leakage of bitumen of the middle layer under the action of the hydrostatic pressure of asphalt through the open grooves of the lower concrete layers, which causes a breakdown of the attachment of the slope under the action of the wave. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and filtration stability of the coating. The goal is achieved by the fact that the lower plates are made in the form of ribbed relief with grooves closed in plan, and the upper plates have a profile opposite to the profile of adjacent parts of the lower plates, allowing the edges of the upper plates to enter the lower grooves. In addition, the ribs of the upper plates have more gentle side surfaces and are shorter in height than the ribs of the lower plates. FIG. 1 shows a slope cover, plan; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. I; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 - relief side of the upper plate, the plan; in fig. 5 - relief side of the bottom plate, the plan; in fig. 6 shows a detail of a three-layer coating. Hydraulic structure's slope cover is made of two types of precast concrete slabs; bottom 1 and top 2, between which a waterproofing layer 3 is poured. As a waterproofing layer, bitumen, bitumen-butyrene rubber, bitumen-polymer and other mastics, elastic materials, and other waterproofing materials can be used. When making the coating, the lower plates 1 are first laid onto the planned surface of the slope. In the grooves 4 of these plates, waterproofing mastic is poured to the level 5. Under the load of the upper plate 2, its ribs 6 squeeze the mastic up into the remaining gap between the ribs 7 of the lower plate. The amount and level 5 of the mastic is determined by calculation or experimentally from the condition of dense filling of the gap between the edges of the upper and lower plates, and on the upper part of the edges 7 of the lower plates there is a sufficiently continuous thin layer to fill the roughness and roughness of the concrete. By smearing over the surface of the ribs, the mastic creates a waterproof middle layer, and in the grooves 4 of the bottom plate 1 thick water-tight plugs 8 are formed. Due to the edges and grooves in the upper and lower plates, the filtering path from the seam 9 of the upper plates 2 to the seam 10 Lower plates 1 is doubled in comparison with flat plates, which are also laid with ligating of the seams. The ribs 7 of the lower plates 1 do not allow maetics to flow through the seams 10. Due to the zigzag shape of the middle layer of waterproofing, the mastic can be laid less than for flat three-layer plates that have less filtration. In order to ensure proper placement of the plates with the combination of the edges of the upper plates with the grooves of the lower plates 1, the pins 11 are threaded and the upper plates 2 have holes 12 that allow the upper plates to be put on the pins. The pins 11 are worn with waterproof Mbie washers 13 and the screws 14 are tightened. The connection of the plates allows the upper and lower plates to work together under the action of a weighting water pressure from below. The upper plate 2 rests on the ribs 7 of the Lower plate 1 and therefore works on the pressure of the wave from above in both directions, as a multi-span beam with spans equal to the distance between the ribs. As a result, the maximum bending moment in the top slab is several times smaller than in the slab lying on an elastic base, and with it the volumes of concrete and reinforcement are reduced in comparison with the known, i.e. flat three-layer slabs. Precast concrete slabs are made in a factory of reinforced concrete products, for example, by vibropressing or by another method.

The positive effect of the invention compared to the basic object described in the well-known 2 is to increase 7 10

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reliability of the coating, i.e., preventing leakage of the waterproofing layer through the seams of the lower plates, and thus preventing soil suffusion through the lower seams of the coating, as well as in reducing the volume of materials of concrete, reinforcement and bitumen by 25 ° -30 / s.

FIG. A-A .g

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Claims (2)

1. COVERING SLOPES OF HYDROTECHNICAL STRUCTURES, including upper and lower plates with a waterproofing layer between them, laid with dressing of joints, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and filtration stability of the coating, the lower plates are made in the form of a ribbed relief with grooves closed in plan, and the upper plates have a profile opposite the profile of the adjacent parts of the lower plates, allowing the edges of the upper plates to enter the grooves of the lower, 2. A coating according to π, 1, characterized in that the ribs of the upper plates have flatter lateral surfaces and are shorter in a hundred edges of the lower plates. you- Figure 1