SU1016191A1 - Disc extruder for working polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A DISK EXTRUDER FOR PROCESSING POLYMER MATERIALS, comprising a housing with a hopper, a disk with blades and a rotation drive, mounted on a shaft coaxially with a disk fitted with; its outer surface is padded and connected to a rotary drive, and a die with an extrusion hole, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of material processing due to the intensification of its mixing, the disc is made with a cavity in which the shaft and disc blades are mounted, rotation in opposite directions and with the formation of channels between them for the passage of material. 2. An extruder according to claim 1, wherein the blade blades of the shaft and the blade of the disk are provided with turning mechanisms for adjusting the angle of inclination thereof.

Description

The invention relates to polymer engineering and is intended for use in the processing of polymer materials that require a high degree of displacement and homogenization.

A disk extruder for processing polymeric materials is known, comprising a housing equipped with a feed funnel and a die with a hole, and a rotating disk forming a working gap with the housing in which guide vanes are mounted on the end surfaces of the rotating disk and Ul housing. the extruder is the low quality of mixing and low degree of homogenization of the material being processed; due to the underdevelopment of the vortex flows in the working gap and the impossibility adjustment of the mixing process.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a disk extruder for processing polymer materials, comprising a housing with a feed funnel, a blade with blade and a rotary drive mounted coaxially with the shaft, fitted with blades spaced on its outer surface and connected With a spin-spin pattern and a mouthpiece with extrusion-: Hole hole. In the well-known EK: an eutterwood material, moving in the gap between the end surface of the body and the disk having blades, goes to the blades mounted on a rotating shaft, which promotes the mixing of the material.

However, in a known extruder there is insufficient mixing: the capacity is due to the fact that when exiting the rotating blades installed on: the rotating shaft, the material is braked on the stationary vanes installed on the inner surface of the stationary mouthpiece, thereby reducing the degree of twist of the polymer and processing quality. The subgroup of the extruder includes the need for flexible adjustment of technological regimes. ZTR is explained by the fact that there is no adjustment of the angles of inclination of the blades, which must be under ("for each material separately. To change the blades, it is necessary to stop the extruder, clean the polymer, make it full

disassembly and change the blades.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing of the material due to the intensification of its mixing.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in a disk extruder for processing polymeric materials, comprising a housing with a hopper, a blade with blades and a rotation drive, a shaft mounted coaxially with a disk, blades placed along its outer surface and coupled with a rotation drive, and a mouthpiece the extrusion hole, the disk is made with a cavity in which the shaft blades and the tsiska are mounted mounted for rotation in opposite directions and with the formation of channels between them rokhoda materia.la.

In addition, the blades of the shaft and the blades of the disk are equipped with mechanisms of rotation, tsl adjust the angle of inclination.

FIG. 1 shows a disk extruder total VCD. FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. Ij in FIG. 3 is a scan of the channels for the passage of the material formed by the blades of the shaft and the disk, FIG. 4 - blades of the shaft and the disk.

The disk extruder (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1 with a feed funnel 2 and a mouthpiece made in this case: at the same time integral with the housing 1 Inside the housing 1 is rotated from a gear drive 3. A disk .4 with a worm 5 and a regulating sleeve b. In the mouthpiece of the case. .cal.on bearings 7 mounted coaxially disk. 4, the shaft 8 with the adjusting sleeve 9 in which the extrusion opening 10 is located. The adjusting sleeve 6 is fixed on the disk 4 by means of a nut 11, and the sleeve 9 is fixed on the shaft 8 by means of a nut 12. On the disk 4 and the adjuster of the mounting sleeve b The blades 13, a.a, on the shaft 8 and the regulator, the blades 9 are mounted the blades 14. The blades 13 and 14 are located in the cavity, which is made in the disk 4, and are mounted for rotation in i opposite directions, while the shaft 8 is connected with a motor of rotation (, not shown) through a gear transmission 15. Lop 13 and 14 have pads 16 fixed on the adjusting bushings b and 9, and fingers 17 mounted in the grooves 18 on the disk 4 and the shaft 8. Between the end surfaces of the housing 1 and the disk 4 there is a ra, barrel channel I, between blades 13 and 14 is a vortex channel; . 11, between the blades 14 and the regulating sleeve b there is a vortex channel 1.1. The adjusting sleeves b and 9, together with the crush plates 11 and 12, form the mechanisms for rotating the blades to adjust their angle of inclination. ,

Disk extruder works as follows.

The polymer material in the form of granules or powder is fed to the feed. funnel 2. Then, with the aid of a worm cuts 5, it is transported to the working channel I, where it is subjected to kneading. As the polymer moves toward the center of the disk 4, it becomes more homogeneous and, going to the blades 13, the polymer is a homogeneous molten mass in structure. Then the material falls. through the gap between the blades 13 into the vortex channel li, where it twists. The degree of twist, and, consequently, is Yu, and the mixing effect depends on the magnitude of the tangential component of the flow velocity in the ca- nal II, which is a function of the angle of the slope of the blades, the speed of rotation 15. and step t. From channel II, the material passes through the s & g between the blades 14 into the vortex channel M I, where it also twists, but on the reverse side, since the rotation 20 (l) to the inclination p of the vanes has the opposite direction. The angle of inclination cL of the vanes 13 is adjusted as follows. The nut 11 releases the adjusting sleeve b, which rotates to the desired angle. In this case, the finger 16 rotates: along with the regulating sleeve 6, and the finger 17 rotates around its axis and moves along the canoe. 18. Having set the predetermined angle "at", the adjusting sleeve 6 is fixed again by the nut 11. The angle f of the blades 14 is adjusted in a similar manner. The subquery corre sponding values of the angles c and f, steps C and 1.2. and rotational speeds and; and t%, it is possible to achieve unacceptable mixing quality and degree of homogenization of the polymeric material.

Thus, the use of the invention of the invention with the use of blades / located in the disk and rotating in the opposite direction from one side makes it possible to increase the quality of displacement and the degree of homogenization by a factor of 1.5-3.

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Claims (2)

1. DISK EXTRUDER FOR PROCESSING POLYMERIC MATERIALS, comprising a housing with a loading funnel, a disk with blades and a Drive of rotation, a shaft installed coaxially to the bottom, equipped with blades placed on its outer surface and connected to the rotation drive, and a mouthpiece with an extrusion hole, from and especially with the fact that, in order to improve the quality of material processing due to the intensity. While mixing, the disk is made with a cavity in which the shaft and disk blades are placed, mounted * with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions and with the formation of channels between them for the passage of material. 2. The extruder according to π. 1, due to the fact that the blades of the shaft and the blades of the disk are equipped with rotation mechanisms for controlling the angle of their inclination.