SU1007114A1 - Device for reading-out image contours - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A DEVICE FOR READING IMAGE CONTOURS, comprising a two-coordinate table, optically coupled to a matrix photovoltage transducer, a block of power amplifiers connected to a matrix photoconverter, a control unit connected to the engines of a two-coordinate table, and a unit for determining the direction of a photograph, and a unit of a moving photo pattern. that, in order to increase the reading accuracy, it contains a filtering unit, a coordinate storage unit, a direction averaging unit, and a search unit, with the input of the filter block the radio is connected to the output of the amplifier unit, the first output is connected to the input of the photovoltaic transducer direction detection unit, the second output is connected to the first outputs of the search unit and the control unit, output b / (the window of the photovoltage transducer direction detection is connected to the first input of the coordinate memory unit and to the second inputs of the search block and the control block, the input of the averaging block of the direction is connected to the output of the coordinate storage unit, and the output is connected to the third input of the search block whose output is connected to the third input of the control unit.

Description

 1007

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the search block comprises a counter with a decoder, a multi-channel switch, the first and second registers whose inputs are the inputs of the search block, the third and fourth registers, the outputs of which are the outputs of the block search, and pulse shaper, while the output of the first register is connected to the first input of the multichannel switch, the output of the second register is connected to the third input of the multisc k.

the first output of the counter with the decoder is connected to the pulse shaper, the outputs of which are connected to the fifth and sixth inputs of the multichannel switch, the second output of the counter with the decoder is connected to the seventh input of the multi-channel switch, and the third output is connected to the first inputs of the third and fourth registers, the second the inputs of which are connected to the output of the multichannel switch.

. . . one- . -.

The invention relates to automation and computer technology, in particular to devices for - reading image contours, and can be used to analyze and enter graphic information into a computer.

A device for reading graphic information is known, in which information about a fragment of an image, which is necessary for determining the direction of tracking, is obtained by local scanning with an electron beam Cl

The disadvantages of the known device are the complexity and low volume caused by the use of the means of analog technology and the non-linearity of the scanning system of the electron beam.

The closest to the technical essence of the present invention is a device containing a two-coordinate table, an optically coupled matrix photovoltage transducer, a block of power amplifiers connected to a matrix photovoltage transducer, a control unit associated with the two-coordinate table motors, and a G2 direction determining unit.

The disadvantage of this device lies in the low accuracy of reading information, due to the low noise immunity of the device in the presence of various image defects.

The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy of reading the contours of images.

2

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for reading image contours, containing a two-coordinate table, an optically coupled matrix photovoltage transducer, a block of amplifiers-formers, connected to a matrix phototransducer, a control unit associated with engines of a two-coordinate table, and a unit for determining the direction of movement a photoconverter, a filtering unit, a coordinate storage unit, a direction averaging unit, and a search unit are entered, and the input of the filtering unit is connected to the output of the unit of the amplifiers-formers, the first output is connected to the input of the transducer direction determination unit. The transducer and the second output are connected to the first inputs of the search unit and the control unit, the output of the photovoltage transducer direction control unit is connected to the first input of the coordinate storage unit and to the second inputs of the search unit and a control unit, the input of the averaging unit of the direction is connected to the output of the coordinate storage unit, and the output is connected to the third input of the search unit, the output of which is connected to the third input of the search unit. control of the spacecraft.

The search block contains a counter with a decoder, a multichannel switch, the first and second registers, whose inputs are the search block inputs, the third and fourth registers, whose outputs are the outputs of the search block, and a pulse driver, with the first register output connected to the first the input of the multichannel switch / Isochatel, the output of the second register is connected to the third input of the multichannel switch, the first output of the sensor with the decoder is connected to the pulse shaper, the outputs of which are connected to the fifth and sixth th multichannel input switch, the second output of the counter with a decoder connected to the seventh input of the multi-channel switch, and the third you turn connected to first inputs of the third and fourth registers, a second input of which are connected to the output of the multichannel switches. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for reading image contours; in fig. f - filtering circuit diagram; in fig. 3 is a block diagram of determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter; in fig. - ch ma search block; in fig. Figure 5 shows the control unit circuit. The device for reading image contours includes (Fig. 1) a two-coordinate table 1 with image carrier and motors (not shown), a matrix phototransducer (photomatrix) 2, block, 3 shaping amplifiers, filtering unit 4; unit 5 for determining the direction of movement of the photovoltaic converter unit 6 of the coordinate memory, unit 7 for averaging the direction, unit 8 for the search unit control unit 9. The filtering unit t consists (Fig. 2 of a register 10, a persistent storage device 11, a comparison element 12, registers 13 and I, a comparison element, 15 and valves 16. A unit 5 for determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter includes (Fig. 3) constant This storage device 17, register 18, switches 19 and registers 20 and 21. Search block 8 consists (Fig. D) of registers 22 and 23, counter 2 with a decoder (in the drawing are combined into one block), 25 pulses of a multichannel switch 26 and registers 27 and 28, Block 9 control includes (Fig. 5) p switches 29, code pulse converter 30 and phase former 31. The device for reading the image contours operates as follows (Zim way. Analog signals from the elements of the photovoltage converter 2 are fed to the block 3 of the driver amplifiers, in which there are threshold elements dividing the signals into black and white. Binary fragment image information from block 3 is fed to the input of filtering block k. In the filtering block, a fragment of the image is compared with each of a set of typical fragments and from them the one that most resembles the actual picture is selected. The measure of similarity is the number of coincidences of binary signals from elements of the actual and typical fragments. In the filtering block (Fig. 3), binary fragment information is stored in register 10, from which it is periodically fed to the input of the comparison element 12. The other input of the comparison element receives information about each of the typical fragments stored in the permanent storage device (ROM.) 11. The number n 1 of discrepancies between the elements of the actual and typical fragments from the output of the comparison element 12 goes to the register I and is stored in it. The group of bits of this register, allocated for the address of a typical fragment, is entered in the number O - the address of the first typical fragment. The following result is comparable to. neither is the number of mismatches n 2 written in register 13, and the address of the type fragment is also entered there. The numbers n 1 and n 2 arrive at the comparison element 15. If n 1, then the signal from the output of the comparison element 15 opens the valves 16, and the contents of the register 13, i.e. the number of mismatches and the address of the type fragment are rewritten into register 1. Otherwise (i.e., with n t), in reg str h the word is stored there. In registers 14, 13 and the valve group 16, the left part of the bits is reserved for the address of a typical fragment, and the rights for the number of discrepancies. The transfer of information from inputs to outputs in these devices is conventionally shown in FIG. 2 dotted line. After the transfer of all typical fragments, the address most similar to the actual appears in register Ts. 510 Thus, at this stage of information processing, the true fragment containing interference is replaced with a typical smoothed fragment, due to which filtering of the typical fragment approximates the actual fragment. from the output of the filtering unit t is fed to the input of the unit 5 for determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter (Fig. 1). The circuit of that unit is shown in Fig. 1. 3. It contains the ROM 17, registers 18, 20, 21, switches 19-The ROM 17 stores the characteristics of the typical fragments, and the addresses are the same as those of the corresponding typical fragments in the ROM 11 of the filtering block A (Fig. 2 ). At the address, which has stepped on the input of block 5 from ROM 17 (Fig. 3) to register 18, the characteristic of a typical fragment, is selected. approximating the actual. This characteristic includes the following characteristics: 1) the contour type is horizontal or vertical, and horizontal is understood to be one whose slope tangent to the x-axis is less than G in absolute value, i.e. ftgoLKl; 2) is the number of a 1 to 6 horizontal contour or a ctgtil vertical vertical; 3) cf offset of the photomatrix center vertically or horizontally relative to the contour. The function of block 1 of the determined direction | 1eni is to find the number Lx and Lu, equal to the number of steps that the engine must take to move the photomatrix to the next point of the contour. In this case, for a horizontal contour, the displacement in x is given by the number k, and A is calculated using the formula ctgcl ka Then a correction is added to the number Dy (L. For the vertical contour, on the contrary, the distance is given and dx is calculated. The number k is chosen a power of two, then the multiplication is performed by shifting. The operation of block 5 is illustrated in Fig. 3. Switches 19 are controlled by a signal of the type of contour coming to the input. At the input / 1 of switches 19, the characteristic of the selected typical fragment is given. then to register 23 (for numbers la ah) is written k, and in register 20 (for yy) the number ka, i.e., shifted by the corresponding number of bits, and cG is added to the contents of register 20. In the case of a vertical fragment, k is written to register 20. and in register .21 is the number ka and (f is added to the contents of register 21. The number is derived from register 18. The increments of coordinates dx and y from registers 20 and 21 of block 5 are received: 1) at the inputs of control block 9 (FIG. . 1) where they are converted into a pulse train driving stepper motors; 2 to the search block 8 at the inputs (Fig. 1), where they are stored in registers for the case of organizing a contour search; 3) in block 6 of the coordinate memory (Fig. 1), where the results of the last three measurements are stored, Fig. 1, the transfer of Dx numbers is shown in solid lines, and the Lu numbers are dotted. In block 6 of the memory, coordinates of the coordinates of the next point of the contour x., Y are obtained by adding the previous coordinate values with the numbers x and 4y: ,, + AX; .,. The coordinate memory unit 6 consists of two identical parts (for storing the coordinates X and y), each of which is a register memory with sequential access. The first (input) register is simultaneously the total, since it must be the addition of the previous coordinate with its increment. From the outputs of block 6. The coordinate memory, the values of the coordinates of the point of the contour go to block 7 of direction averaging (Fig. 1). This unit is a microprocessor-based automaton consisting of a microprocessor set (in our case, an K 589 type microcircuit) and a ROM, in which the program for calculating the averaged direction is stored. According to this program, in the process of tracking the contour, the parameters of a straight line corresponding to the direction averaged over the results of the last three measurements stored in block 6 of the coordinate memory (Fig. 1) are continuously determined. Averaging the direction is necessary for organizing the movement in cases when, when moving in the local direction, formed by block 5 (Fig. 1), the photomatrix is in the same color field due to the erroneous determination of the local direction due to the presence of interference. In this case, the filtering unit k generates the signal No loop, which from the output of the block k (phi1. 1) or the output of the comparison element 12 (Fig. 2) is fed to the input of the block 8 according to the claim. Suppose that the contour is with, or distorted by interference, and the local direction is incorrectly detected by block 5 (Fig. 1). Then, after the next step, a fragment of the white field will be projected onto the photomatrix. In this case, the search block 8 first returns the photomatrix, and then organizes the movement in the averaged direction according to the results of previous counts. If, when moving in this direction, the contour is not detected again, then search block 8 organizes movement in the perpendicular direction, first in one direction and then in the other. After detecting the contour, the tracking again continues in the local direction generated by block 5 (Fig. 1). Search block 8 (fig. J) consists of registers 22 and 23 for current coordinate increments. X, LU counter with decoder 2, 25 pulse generator, multichannel switches 26, output registers 27 and 28 for increments of coordinates HF |, ducks in the case of organization search. Counter 2 counts No Circuit signals from the output of the filtering block k (Fig. 1). The first signal (the output of the counter 24, Fig.) Starts the pulse shaper 25, which produces two. time-shifted impulses. On the first pulse arriving at the input of switch 26, the value of | 1 D x, d y with reverse signs is entered into registers 27 and 28 in order to return the Matrix to the last traced contour point. The second pulse received at the input of the switch 26 (fig.) DH values (.p,., Calculated in block 7 averaging of direction 8 (fig. 1) and arriving at the inputs of switch 26 (fig. K) are transmitted to the output registers 27 and 28 for organizing movement in the average direction. If, after such a movement, the contour is not found, the second No contour signal (from the output of counter 2, fig. ") records Dx with inversion of the sign in register 28 (for Du"), and Doo c - to register 27 (for Dhr). This sets the direction of movement perpendicular to the previous one. signal to it No contour (output of counter 2, fig. D) the signs D, in registers 27 and 28 are reversed. At the same time doubling of numbers Dx occurs, and since it is necessary to return to the starting point and then move on to the same segment. The 9-control unit (Fig. 1) converts the coordinate increment values received at its input into the signals controlling the stepping motors. The control unit 9 (Fig. 5) consists of switches 29, a pulse-frequency converter 30, a phase former 31. The switches 29 transmit to the input of the code-pulse converter 30 a DC signal (dl) to move in the local direction or yx (duk ,,) to search for a contour depending on the presence or absence of a signal. There is no contour at the input. Kodo-pulse converter 30 converts the number Dx (dy) into a sequence of pulses, and the driver of 31 phases turns each pulse into three phase-shifted pulses that directly control the stepping motor. Thus, the introduction of a filtering unit allows reducing the image quality requirements, and the units of the memory of coordinates, averaging direction, and search — significantly reduce the number of breaks when reading outlines.

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Claims (2)

1. DEVICE FOR READING IMAGES CIRCUITS, comprising a two-coordinate table optically coupled to a matrix photoconverter, a block of amplifiers-shapers, connections to a matrix photoconverter, a control unit connected to the motors of a two-coordinate table, and a block determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter that, in order to increase the reading accuracy, it contains a filtration unit, a coordinate memory unit, a direction averaging unit and a search unit, while the input of the filtration unit connected to the output of the block of amplifiers-shapers, the first output is connected to the input of the block determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter, and the second output is connected to the first inputs of the search block and the control unit, the output of the block of determining the direction of movement of the photoconverter is connected to the first input of the coordinate memory block and to the second inputs of the block search and control unit, the input of the direction averaging unit is connected to the output of the coordinate memory unit, and the output is connected to the third input of the search unit, the output of which is connected the third input of the control unit. FC & / 2. The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that the search unit contains a counter with a decoder, a multi-channel switch, the first and second registers, the inputs of which are the inputs of the search unit, the third and fourth registers, the outputs. Of which are the outputs of the search unit, and a pulse shaper, the output of the first register is connected to the first input of the multi-channel switch, the output of the second register is connected to the third input of the multi-channel switch, the first output of the counter with the decoder is connected to the pulse shaper, the output s which are connected to the fifth and sixth inputs of the multi-channel switch, the second output of the counter with a decoder is connected to the seventh input of the multi-channel switch, and the third output is connected to the first inputs of the third and fourth registers, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the multi-channel switch.