SU1005260A2 - Device for control of excitation brushless electric machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to control the excitation current of brushless electric machines, made in the form of multi-machine units, of a main machine with a pathogen reversed synchronous machine.

According to the main auth. 974544 A device is known for controlling the excitation of a brushless electric machine with a rotatable controlled rectifier, through which the excitation winding of the main machine located on its rotor is connected to the core winding of a synchronous generator exciter, the excitation winding of which is located on the stator and connected to the source - modulated excitation voltage, and the control electrodes of the controlled gates of the rotating controlled rectifier are connected to the blocks to turn on the gates from the high-frequency component of the modulated ex.

nor 13-.

The disadvantage of this device is that the source of the modulated excitation voltage is formed by a separate additional DC source, for example, a battery for powering the vehicle’s on-board power supply network, and a special electronic device.

-with a modulating unit, synchronized and phased with the rotor position, with an output transformer, which is connected through the output transformer directly or through

tn additional valve chopper in series with winding. Buzdeni generator exciter. Such an implementation of a modulated voltage source is very difficult, and the use of a special electronic modulation unit in a transport object, under conditions of high transmission and dustiness, leads to a significant decrease in the reliability of the entire control system.

20

The aim of the invention is to simplify and increase reliability.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the source of the modulating signal is made in the form of an Additional 25 synchronous generator, the rotor of which is mechanically connected to the shaft of the brushless electric machine, and the main windings through the rectifier are connected to the excitation winding

30 wakels, with the number of phases

winding additional synchronous

generator is made equal to

I

„,,

V v

where t is the number of phases of the main winding of an additional synchronous generator; m-j, is the number of phases of the core winding of the exciter; PQ - number of poles of an additional synchronous generator

- number of poles of the exciter /

HF K - coefficient of rectifier excitator excitation; Kdr is the rectification factor of the exciter rectifier, i is the transfer coefficient of the mechanical connection between the exciter shafts and the additional synchronous generator.

The rectifier is made uncontrolled by the NtJM, and between the terminals of the phases of the main winding of the additional synchronous generator and the input of the rectifier, a control key is installed.

In addition, the rectifier is controllable, and the control electrodes of the controllable valves through the additionally inserted separation diodes are combined and connected via a controllable key to the common connection point of the diodes of the controllable valves.

The device additionally includes a smoothing filter, a diode, a switch with two output terminals, two closing and two opening contacts, the output terminals of the switch are connected to the exciter winding terminals, the opening contacts are connected to the DC output of the rectifier, and the closing contacts are connected to the outputs direct current rectifier through a diode and a smoothing filter.

In addition, the switch is made of contactless on five controlled valves, with the anodes of the first and second controlled valves combined and connected to the positive output of the rectifier of an additional synchronous generator, the cathodes of the third and fourth controlled valves combined and connected to the negative terminal of the same rectifier the cathode, the cathode of the first controlled valve is connected to one of the excitation windings of the exciter and one of the outputs of the smoothing filter, the cathode of the fourth controlled valve is connected to the other they output excitation coil driver circuit and via a fifth controllable valve coupled to the other output of the smoothing filter, one input of which is connected to the cathode of the second controlled valve and another input smoothing

filter is connected to the anode of the third control e1 south valve.

Fig, 1 shows the principle of the scheme of the proposed device; Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a modulated voltage source using a single-phase uncontrolled rectifier; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controlled rectifier with a bipolar switch and filter, FIG. 4 - one

. Possible embodiments of a contactless two-pole switch with filter; Figures 5 and 6 are embodiments of a controlled output terminal for a three-phase source of a modulating signal.

The device contains a BASIC electric machine 1 (FIG. 1) with a core winding 2 on a stator and a winding 3

Q excitation on the rotor. The rotatable controlled rectifier 4 is located on a common shaft connecting the rotor of the main machine and the actuator 5, the root winding of which

c is located on the rotor, and the excitation winding 7 is on the stator. Auxiliary synchronous generator 8 has a crust winding 9 located on the stator, and the rotor 10 mounted on a common shaft of the machine. Controlling the electrodes of the controlled valves of the rotating rectifier are connected to block 11 to turn on the valves from the high-frequency component of the modulated voltage. Straightener

59-12, which is turned on by the control key 13, connects the main winding 9 of the auxiliary generator 8 and the excitation winding 7 of the exciter generator. Output terminals - we are 14 and 15 rectifier 12 (positive .14 and negative 15) are connected to winding 7 or through additional units.

When executing a modulated voltage source in the form of a single-phase uncontrolled rectifier 12, the control key 13 is included in the discontinuity of one of the input rectifier outputs ().

Between clamps 14 and 15, straightener 12 may include a block 16 {phi17.3), a smoothing choke-capacitor filter with a diode, and a bipolar Switch 17 for two directions. This switch 17 may

 to be both contact and contactless, performed on controllable gates, for example, on single-operation thyristors, moreover, the thyristors 18 and 19 (Fig. 4) are connected by anodes and their common

Claims (5)

The 0 dot forms the input terminal, which is connected to the rectifier terminal 14. The cathode of the thyristor 18 and the anode of the thyristor 20 form the output terminals that are used to connect to the winding of the generator-excitation excitation. Winding 21 of one or different chokes and capacitor 22 form a smoothing choke-capacitor filter, one of its output output (from the cathode of the thyristor 19 through the inductor) is connected to the anode of the additional thyristor 23, the cathode of which is connected to the anode of the thyristor 20, and the other (from the anode of the thyristor 24 is connected directly to the thyristor cathode 18. When performing rectifier 12 (FIGS. 5 and 6) in whole or in part on controllable fans, switch 13 is used to turn on the conductors e and ventilators (via a separating diode). electrodes to a common point of the anodes of controlled ventilators, the number of faults of the winding 9 and the execution circuit of the rectifier 12 can be any. The device operates in the same way. As long as the controlled parameter (current, voltage or the power at the terminals of the winding 2) is less than the velichints of the setpoint signal, the key 13 is turned on and a pulsating voltage appears at the terminals 14 and 15 of the rectifier 12, the frequency of which when complying with the ratio V PYA where fflg .. is the NUMBER of phases field winding; P is the number of poles, an additional synchronous generator, -. p is the number of poles of the generator exciter, K ... is the rectification factor into the range of an additional synchronous generator, K, -. - the coefficient of rectifying into the driver's exciter / i - the transfer coefficient of the mechanical connection between the driver's shaft and the additional synchronous generator corresponds to the required system parameters and, due to the excitation, the block 11 for switching on the gates from the high frequency component to the effects of modulated voltage supports controlled the valves of the rotating rectifier bodies 4 in the on state. When the monitored parameter becomes larger than the setpoint signal, the key 13 is turned off to -block 11 ceases to turn on the valves of the rectifier 4 and it is locked until / until the value of the monitored decreases again to a value less than the setpoint, and the described process will not repeat again. If the root winding 9 of the auxiliary generator 8 is single phase (or a single phase rectifier is used. The driver 12) the rectifier 12 may be uncontrollable. In this case, the key 13. Is included in the break of one of the input terminals of the rectifier, as shown in FIG. 2. Regardless of the number of phases of the core winding 9 and cxevti of the execution of the rectifier 12, it can be performed using control valves, and the control key 13 connects the switches. cutting separator diodes control valve electrodes to their anodes. To control the device with a rotating rectifier, the demagnetizing excitation system of the main machine between terminals 14 and 15 includes a choke-capacitor filter, with separation diode 16 and a two-pole switch 17 for two directions (Fig. 3). In the position shown in Fig. 3, the excitation winding 7 of the generator causes the body 5 to be pulsed with voltage and everything happens in the manner described. When switching the switch 17 to the lower position 1 after a pause, during which the rectifier 12 is locked and sufficient time for the current in the winding 3 to drop to zero, after which all control valves of the rectifier 4 are locked) the voltage increase at the output of the rectifier 12 leads to an increase in the smoothed current in the winding 7 of the excitation of the generator-exciter. Since the excitation winding 7 flows around the smoothed current, unit 11 does not include controllable valves mlnc post 4, but due to the circuits through the diodes in the device with the demagnetizing system, the current through the parallel circuits and the excitation winding will flow in the opposite direction and demagnetize the excitation system . Contactless device shown in figure 4, works as follows. ; In the direct excitation mode, valves 18 and 20 are turned on, and in reverse mode, 19, 24, 21. However, this device can work with an uncontrolled rectifier 12 without a key 13. In this case, when the values of the controlled parameter are lower than the setting value, simultaneously the thyristors 18, 20 and 23 are turned on, which leads to the charging of the capacitor 22 and turning on the valve 23. At the same time, the thyristors 18 and 20. remain turned on and the excitation winding 7 of the synchronous generator-exciter 5 flows around a pulsating current. At that moment, when the monitored parameter becomes higher than the setpoint signal, the thyristor 19 is turned on and the charged capacitor 22 is discharged to the thyristor 18 in the opposite direction for it and recharged due to the flow of current through the winding 7 until the current in the latter decreases to zero. or no signal is received to turn on thyristors 18 and 20. At this, thyristor 19 is turned on and thyristor 23 can be switched on again. If the main machine is demagnetized, the time delay is increased, then turn on thyristors 19, 23 and 20 and winding It is well-smoothed current. Powering the excitation winding 7 of the exciter with a flattened opposite-current current leads to locking of the controlled valves and the flow of current through the diodes along parallel branches and the excitation winding in the opposite direction and thereby reducing the residual magnetization of the main machine, and, consequently, residual voltage at the terminals of the root winding 2. Claims 1 Invention A device for controlling the excitation of a brushless electrical magazine according to the author. No. 974544, which means that, in order to simplify and increase reliability, the source of the modulating signal is made S as an additional synchronous generator, the rotor of which is mechanically connected to the shaft of the brushless electric machine, and the main windings are connected via a rectifier with the excitation exciter winding, the number of phases of the main winding of the additional synchronous generator being equal to -tPet-Pbr.iKK V P ,, K, i where m j. - the number of phases of the core winding of an additional synchronous generator; m is the number of phases of the root winding of the exciter; P is the number of poles of the additional synchronous generator; Pg is the number of poles of the exciter; KQ - rectification factor of rectifier of additional synchronous generator; К-р - coefficient of rectifying the exciter; i is the transfer coefficient of the mechanical connection between the shafts of the exciter and the additional synchronous gear. nerator 2. A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rectifier is made uncontrollable, and a controlled key is installed between the terminals of the core winding of the additional synchronous generator and the input of the rectifier. 3. A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rectifier is controllable, and the control electrodes of the valves through the additionally inserted separation diodes are combined and connected via a control key to the common connection point of the anodes of the controlled valves. 4. A device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that a smoothing filter, a diode and a switch with two output terminals are additionally introduced; two closing and two disconnecting -contacts, with the output pins of the switch connected to the excitation windings of the exciter, the disconnecting contacts are connected to the DC output of the rectifier, and the closing contacts through the diode and the smoothing filter are connected to the DC outputs of the rectifier . 5. The device according to PP. 1 and 4, which are characterized by the fact that the switch is made contactless on five controllable gates, the anodes of the first and second controllable gates being combined and connected to the positive output of the rectifier of an additional synchronous generator, the cathodes of the third and fourth gates being combined and connected to the negative terminal of the rectifier of an additional synchronous generator, the cathode of the first controlled valve is connected to one of the terminals of the excitation winding of the exciter and one of the outputs of the smoothing filter, the cathode the fourth controlled valve is connected to another exciter winding terminal and through the fifth control valve is connected to another output of the smoothing filter, one of the inputs of which is connected to the cathode of the second controlled valve, and the other input of the smoothing filter is connected to the anode of the third controlled vents Sources of information, rintye taken into account in the examination of 1, USSR Copyright Certificate 974544, cl. H 02 R 9/16, 1980. / d Figz 12