SU1005164A2

SU1005164A2 - Device for demonstrating centrifugal inertia forces

Info

Publication number: SU1005164A2
Application number: SU813335681A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Демьянович Иванов; Иван Николаевич Кузнецов; Евгений Антонович Филимонов
Original assignee: Военный Инженерный Краснознаменный Институт Им.А.Ф.Можайского
Priority date: 1981-09-07
Filing date: 1981-09-07
Publication date: 1983-03-15

Description

(54) ПРИБОР ДЛЯ ДЕМОНСТРАЦИИ ЦЕНТРОБЕЖНЫХ СИЛ ИНЕРЦИИ(54) DEVICE FOR DEMONSTRATION OF THE CENTRIFUGAL FORCES OF INERTIA

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Изобретение относитс к учебным пособи м по физике и теоретической механике и может быть использовано дл демонстрации центробежных сил инерции и сил Кориолиса в высших и средних специальных учебных заведени х.The invention relates to teaching aids in physics and theoretical mechanics and can be used to demonstrate the centrifugal forces of inertia and Coriolis forces in higher and secondary specialized educational institutions.

По основному авт. св. № 830508 известен прибор, используемый преимущественно дл демонстрации центробежных сил инерции . Этот прибор выполнен в виде центрифуги с вертикальным валом, закрепленными на валу V-образными рычагами, свободные концы которых соединены вертикальными планками, при этом рычаги имеют продольные бортики и различный угол между плечами.According to the main author. St. No. 830508 is a known device used primarily for the demonstration of centrifugal inertia forces. This device is made in the form of a centrifuge with a vertical shaft, mounted on the shaft by V-shaped levers, the free ends of which are connected by vertical bars, while the levers have longitudinal rims and a different angle between the shoulders.

На продольных бортиках V-образных рычагов установлены подвижные грузы, каждый из которых выполнен в виде цилиндра с кольцевым желобом. Дл вращени центрифуги на общем основании прибора установлен привод 1.On the longitudinal sides of the V-shaped levers mounted moving loads, each of which is made in the form of a cylinder with an annular chute. For rotation of the centrifuge, on the common base of the device, an actuator 1 is mounted.

Однако указанный прибор не позвол ет нагл дно демонстировать действие сил Кориолиса .However, this device does not allow for the inevitable demonstration of the Coriolis forces.

Целью изобретени вл етс расширение диапазона решаемых задач путем обеспечени возможности нагл дной демонстрации действи сил Кориолиса.The aim of the invention is to expand the range of tasks to be accomplished by enabling an in-depth demonstration of the effect of Coriolis forces.

Эта цель достигаетс тем, что, в приборе , содержащем привод, центрифугу с вертикальным валом, закрепленными на валГ-образными рычагами, свободные концы которых соединены вертикальными планками , при этом рычаги имеют продольные бортики и. различный угол между плечами, а на продольных бортиках V-образных рычагов установлены подвижные грузы, каждый из которых выполнен в виде цилиндра с кольцевым желобом, каждый подвижный груз имеет полость и свободно установленный в ней дополнительный груз с индикатором его положени .This goal is achieved by the fact that, in a device containing a drive, a centrifuge with a vertical shaft mounted on shaft-shaped levers, the free ends of which are connected by vertical bars, while the levers have longitudinal rims and. a different angle between the shoulders, and on the longitudinal sides of the V-shaped levers movable weights are installed, each of which is made in the form of a cylinder with an annular groove, each movable load has a cavity and an additional weight freely installed in it with an indicator of its position.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображено предлагаемое устройство, общий вид; на фиг. 2- подвижньш. цилиндрический груз, разрез.FIG. 1 shows schematically the proposed device, a general view; in fig. 2- movable cylindrical load, cut.

Claims

The device has a base 1 on which a shaft 2 is mounted in bearings in a centrifuge ° gi, two V-shaped levers 3 with flanges are mounted on the shaft 2, the free ends of the levers 3 are connected to the slats 4. The upper and lower V-shaped levers 3 have different angles between shoulders. The device also contains a centrifuge rotary drive 5 and movable weights 6, made in the form of a cylinder with annular grooves for mounting on the edges of the levers 3. Inside each load 6 in the central part there is a cavity 7 in which additional weight 8 is placed with the freedom of movement along the axis of the cylindrical load 6. The movement of the additional load 8 relative to the center of the load 6 is transmitted to the indicators, which can be made electrical, mechanical, etc. One of the specific implementations of the indicator is shown in FIG.

2. In the center of the cylindrical load 6 a through hole 9 is made to its full height, in which rods 10 with cuffs 11 are placed. The rods 10 receive movement when they are subjected to additional weight 8. The pressure force of which is directed along the axis of the cylindrical load 6 and moves in the hole 9 pr linearly. The ends of the rods 10 are indicators of the movement of the additional load 8 relative to the center of the cylindrical load 6. When the additional load 8 interacts with one of the rods 10, the braking torque is created on the latter due to friction between the cuffs 11 and the walls of the hole 9. When the levers 3 rotate on the moving cylindrical loads 6 there are two forces: the centrifugal force of inertia and the force of gravity. The loads are in equilibrium when the conditions for the equality of these forces are met (neglected by friction), while they occupy a stationary position on the levers 3, and the rotation speed of the centrifuge is equal to some b / o value. If the rotational speed of the Cc / centrifuge changes, then at o; cJo the loads will move down the lever 3, and when ig oGy - up the lever 3. Simultaneously with the demonstration of the centrifugal inertia forces, the device allows you to demonstrate the magnitude and direction of the rotary acceleration. To do this, weights 6 are initially placed only on the levers 3 with a large angle between the shoulders, and the rods 10 are set flush with the ends of the bases of the weights 6. The V-shaped levers 3 with the weights 6 are brought into rotation with a certain angular speed Ct / and Drive 5. When ur iiJg, the centrifugal inertial forces act mobile b and additional weights 8 in the same direction and additional weights 8 are in the centers of cylindrical weights 6. When V-shaped levers reach 3, the angular velocity cJ sl / o weights b start moving up along the same Because of the inherent mass of additional loads 8 inertia, striving to maintain their previous direction of movement, they will begin to move inside cavity 7 along the axis of the cylindrical load b, pressing down on the corresponding shafts 10. The ends of the latter go out of the cylindrical weights b demonstrating the magnitude and direction of the rotary acceleration. The direction of rotation of the levers is then changed.

3. In this case, the direction of the pivotal acceleration of additional weights 8 immediately changes, and therefore the direction of movement of the additional weights 8 inside the movable goods b is changed, as well as the direction of the exit of the rods 10. The acceleration of the core is absent when the vector relative velocity is parallel to the axis of the portable rotation (o4 O, o (180 °, where ot is the angle between shaft 2 and lever 3). To demonstrate the dependence of the Coriolis acceleration on the angle between the relative velocity vectors V and the vector m of the angular velocity of the IG of the portable movement, the loads 6 are mounted on the levers 3 with a smaller angle between the shoulders. In this case, the position of the additional weights 8 is largely generated by the action of centrifugal forces, and the rods 10 extend from the ends of the weights b by a smaller amount. range of tasks to be accomplished by providing opportunities for demonstrating the effect of Coriolis forces. Invention A device for demonstrating centrifugal inertial forces according to the author. St. No. 830508, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of tasks to be accomplished by providing an opportunity to demonstrate the effect of Coriolis forces, each moving load has a cavity and a load freely installed in it with a position indicator. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 830508, cl. G 09 B 23/08, 1981 (prototype).

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