SU100447A1 - Optical visual pyrometer operating by the zonal (blue-red) ratio method - Google Patents

Description

The proposed optical visual pyrometer refers to the type of devices operating according to the zonal (blue-red) ratio method and having a fluorescent substance in one of the light paths.

A specific feature of the described pyrometer is the use of a transparent photometric cube, which provides an increase in the luminescence intensity of I, thereby lowering the possible lower limit of measured temperatures. Inside the cube, a single image of the object is drawn through a circular optical wedge associated with the pyrometer scale, and on an opaque mirror region obliquely located in the center of the cube on the optical axis of the pyrometer, another image of the object passing through a short-wave (for example, blue) light filter and reflected from an opaque fluorescent substance with a long wavelength (for example, red) glow.

FIG. 1-3 illustrate the principal optical schemes of three embodiments of the described pyrometer.

The pyrometer shown in FIG. 1, is a telescopic system in which a light-splitting device is placed behind the lens 1 and the diaphragm 2, which bounds the aperture angle of the lens, for example, in the form of a flat translucent mirror 5 at an angle to the optical axis of the lens. The image / object is obtained inside the transparent photometric cube 4. The brightness of this image can be adjusted by a circular optical wedge 5. The image // object is drawn through a short-wave (e.g., blue) light filter 6 on the surface of an opaque layer of an inertia-free fluorescent substance 7, which has a visible long-wave (for example, red a) luminescence.

Inside the photometric cube. in the center of the image /, at a certain angle to the optical axis of the lens / and the ocular 8, there is an opaque flat clearly limited mirror section 9 in the form of, for example, a circle, a square, etc. In this mirror section using the simplest optical system, consisting, for example, of a lens 10 to a flat mirror //, through a beveled face of the cube 4 is drawn on a 1: 1 scale image of the corresponding central portion of the surface of the fluorescent substance 7, i.e. the center of the luminescent image of the object. The angles of inclination of the mirror 9 and 11 are such that the optical axis of the ocular is refracted by the beam from the center of the luminescent image along the optical axis of the lens 10.

The eye of the observer through the ocular 8 and the long-wavelength light filter 12 (for example, a red light transmitting fluorescent substance 7 and opaque to light passing through the light filter 6) sees in the photometric cube an image of an object in the central part of which a mirror section 9 appears. Brightness of this area 9 in long-wavelength light is proportional to the illumination of the image on the lumiofore in the short-wave filtered course of rays, i.e., is proportional to the effective energy intensity of the corresponding the object in chacTi; of the spectrum transmitted by the filter 6. The brightness of the areas of the surrounding image is proportional to the brightness of the corresponding areas of the object in the long-wavelength part of the spectrum (transmitted by the filter 12} and the amount of optical transmission of the optical wedge 5. Photometric equality of comparison fields, i.e. the fusion of the central mirror section 9 with the surrounding background is achieved by rotating a circular optical wedge, around the circumference of which a pyrometer is applied.

In order to expand the pyrometer scale towards higher temperatures in the path of the light, additional light absorbing glass may be introduced into the shortwave comparison field. In order to expand the P1cale towards lower temperatures, similar glass can be introduced in the path of light in the long wavelength comparison field.

FIG. Figure 2 shows the principal optical scheme of the pyrometer, which is a modification of the described pyrometer and differs from the latter by the presence between the light-splitting device and the photometric cubic 4 of frosted glass 13 and the additional lens 14.

Image is obtained first

not in the transparent medium of the cube 4, but on the matted glass 13, from which it is then rejected with an additional lens 14 into the photometric cube. In this version, both images are drawn by a lens on frosted surfaces (fluorescent substance 7 for // and glass 13 - for /), thus achieving the same conditions for focusing the image and eliminating the dependence of the readings on the distance to the object and on the accommodation of the eye.

FIG. Figure 3 shows a basic optical scheme of a pyrometer variant, comprising two bases H) x block: a pancritical lens 15 displaying a non-gauge surface in the a-a plane, and a photometric head containing all the other details of the circuit and intended to form and photometrize two single-color comparison fields.

The first comparison field is formed by successively transferring the central part of the image aa, cut out by the mirror section 16 of the splitter cube 17, first - by the lens 18 through the blue light filter 19 to the lumioupore 20. then - by the cover 21 into the opening of the mirror layer 22 of the photometric cube 23.

The second field is formed by pos. First, transfer the peripheral part of the image a-a by wrapping the system 24 through the photometric wedge 25 and the translucent mirror layer 26 of the cube 27 onto the matte face 28 of this cube, then using the translucent mirror layer 26 and wrapping the system 29 - isa the mirror layer 22 of the photometric cube 23 The reference comparison mark is output through the red light filter 30 and the ocular p 31.

The color temperature is counted on a scale printed on the ring holder 25.

The use of a lens of a pancratic system (the focus of which is carried out by changing the distance between the era of components) makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the device.

Subject invention

Claims (5)

1. An optical visual pyrometer operating according to the methods of the zonal (blue-red) ratio, using a fluorescent substance introduced into one of its light paths, characterized in that, in order to increase the luminescence brightness and thereby lower the possible lower limit of the measured temperatures, a transparent photometric cube is applied, inside of which, through a circular optical wedge associated with the pyrometer scale, one image of the object is drawn, and on the "pyrometer located at its center on the optical axis" opaque mirror site - a different image object elapsed alternation short wavelength (e.g., B s) of the filter and reflected from the opaque fluorescent substance with a long wavelength (e.g., red) light. 2. In the pyrometer according to claim 1, the use of a light-split system, located on the path of light after the lens and giving two images of the object. 3. Pyrometer on PP. 1 and 2, differing from the fact that, in order to provide the same focusing conditions for both compatible images, a frosted glass is placed between the cHCTCMoii light c and the photometric cube, on which the image of the object is drawn with a lens lenses in photometric cube. 4. Pyrometer on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to obtain an image of the peripheral part of an object in reflected scattered light in a photometric cube, a cube is used as a light-splitting system, selecting an image of the central part of the object, directed through a short-wave (for example, blue) light filter on a fluorescent substance, and a peripheral image passing through the photometric Kli and a cube with a translucent mirror diagonal plane and a frosted face. 5. Application in a pyrometer of p. 4, in order to reduce its dimensions, a pancritical lens. , Nl to o -S, GN sch; |